Nanofiber Research Paper

In 2nd Century BC, when papermaking was first invented, the Chinese inventors created an object as light as a feather that contains more power than all the armies of the world. Paper has unquestionably been a force that has revolutionized the world. While it is universally accepted that paper has been a liberating force for society it has also been a medium that has led to misfortune for many people. Like a double-edged sword; paper can acts as a vehicle for sharing and a catalyst for great change and opportunity, but just as easily be used to imprison and constrain individuals and societies. Wayson Choy highlights both the positive and negative effect that paper has on each character throughout his novel All That Matters. The journey

The use of fiber reinforced composites materials as an alternative to traditional metal materials is becoming widespread. The main technological advantages of these materials are low weight, high specific strength and stiffness, environmental resistance and long life. Compared to metals, composites can be easily made by relatively low tooling cost. Polymer matrix reinforced by woven fabrics is probably the most commonly used form of composites in structural application such as aircrafts, boats, and automobiles

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In this regard conducting plastics have been prepared by mixing metallic powders with non-conducting plastics for a long time [6, 7]. Graphite powders mixed with natural as well as artificial rubber gave conductive rubber. Similarly conducting polyvinylchlorides were prepared by adding finely powdered copper and aluminum [8]. It is also possible to prepare conductive paints or resins of these plastic by mixing it with platinum, gold, silver or graphite. Such paints can be used for electrical measurements and also for antistatic coating, electromagnetic shielding etc. Advantages of making such conductive plastic

n aeroplane is acted upon by a few forces in the sky: Lift, Drag, Thrust and Weight. It counters the force of gravity by using either static lift or by using the dynamic lift of an airfoil. A composite material is a material made from two or more constituent materials with differing physical or chemical properties that when joined together, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual material. The individual component remains separate and unique from the finished structure. There are a few types of currently available composite materials, and they include carbon fibre, fiber glass and fibre-reinforced matrix systems. Almost all new aircraft these days include some composite material into their designs. The most common composite material that is used in aircraft is fiberglass. Other composite materials used includes Kevlar, which is now replacing glass fibers. Composite materials had been used commonly since

In order to solve the influence of electromagnetic interference to electronic devices may have extreme effects on each other if proper shielding protection is not appropriately put into use. The materials are more and more used to give to structure lightening in electromagnetic shielding applications. The interactions between electromagnetic waves and materials are highly dependent on tiny design. This gives rise to put modeling issues. The work of research will be more oriented towards the modeling of the electromagnetic behaviors of the structures implemented and of the materials with respect to the followed temperature variations. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) calculate the electromagnetic guidelines was increased

Introduction: In order to conserve natural resources and economize energy, weight reduction has been the main focus of automobile manufacturers. Weight reduction can be achieved primarily by the introduction of better material, design optimization and better manufacturing processes. The achievement of weight reduction with adequate improvement of mechanical properties has made composite a very good replacement material for conventional steel. A composite is composed of a high performance fibers such as carbon, Kevlar, graphite or glass in a matrix material that when combined provides better properties compared with the individual materials by themselves. The composite materials are used in structural application areas, such as in aircraft, space, automotive, for sporting goods, and marine engineering. The various type of glass fibers available are Carbon fiber, C-glass, S-glass and E-glass. However, carbon epoxy material is better than other fibers but because of its high cost, it has limited applications. Favorable relation between cost and properties of a material can be obtained with E-glass fiber/epoxy.

Two factors can be used to explain this phenomenon. The first one is the BT particles interact strongly with the macromolecular SR, thus restricting the mobility of the molecular chains. The second one is the polymer chain entanglement limits the movement of polymer chains [38]. The interface polarization will increase the dielectric constant as well as the dielectric loss of the composites. As shown in Figure 4(b), the dielectric loss tangent of the BT/SR composites is larger than that of the pure SR at low frequency. In addition, the dielectric loss displays a sharp decrease at a low frequency (lower than 1 kHz), caused by the DC leakage current. However, the electrode polarization can be excluded as there is no simultaneous decrease in the dielectric constant and dielectric loss with increasing frequency [42]. However, because of the weak polarization of the silicone matrix, the dielectric loss tangent of all the samples is lower than 0.015. The low dielectric loss means just a little energy dissipation during actuation, a big advantage for dielectric elastomer.

A growing expansion of wireless systems and applications operating at centimetre-and millimetre-wave frequencies motivates the development of effective and affordably-priced technologies for manufacturing cm- and mm-wave components like antennas, filters, directional couplers, etc. Advances in technology associated with signal processing, R.F. components and batteries have stimulated more innovative applications in wireless that has in turn stimulate for extensive research to find new solutions to the problems in the antenna engineering.

High-performance aromatic polyimides (PIs) possess various outstanding properties, such as high thermal, mechanical, and chemical resistance and a low dielectric constant. Therefore, increasing attention has been paid to the application of PIs to microelectronics, optoelectronics, and the aerospace industry [3]. It is possible to apply graphene on conducting electrodes and films, sensors, electromagnetic shielding materials and so on .In particular, polymer–graphene composite materials are the interesting candidates for heat dissipation application due to its excellent thermal conductivity. Polyimides have a few limitations, such as low electrical conductivity, electrostatic accumulation, and poor heat dissipation [4]. These

The most common advanced composites are polymer matrix composites consisting of a polymer reinforced by different types of fibers. Fiber reinforced polymer composites consist of strong and stiff fibers embedded in a matrix. Compared with traditional materials, they offer superior durability, light weight, and mechanical properties. Polymer composites are being increasingly used in various applications including aerospace, transportation, industrial and household applications. Like other materials, the selection and design of a polymer composite structure must take

Wonder composite materials, with a power and universal lightweight relative to weight and hardness properties fell over most of the store of metals and alloys recently. Properties composite depends largely on the characteristics of its constituent materials, the distribution and the interaction between them. In general, filler is the main load bearing Members, while the matrix keeps them in the desired location and orientation, as pregnancy transfer means between the fillers and protects them from environmental damage. The composite characteristics may be part of the total volume of the characteristics of components or the ingredients may interact cooperatively resulting in improved or better properties. Apart from the nature of the constituent materials, engineering promote ( The size and size distribution) affects the properties of composite greatly. Composite structure is a combination of two or more different constituents that can be physically distinguished, resulting in a final product that has better performance than each individual constituent does. Composite materials consist of a matrix (polymer, metal or ceramic) and one or more reinforcing phases (fibers, particles, flakes or fillers). The different constituents are combined judiciously to achieve a system with better structural or functional properties than can be attained by any of the constituents alone. Composites are becoming an essential part of today’s materials due to advantages such as low weight, strong

Polymer matrix Composite is a composite material made from a polymer resin. They are not as strong or heat resistant as metal matrix and ceramic matrix composites. These materials use a polymer based resin as the matrix composite, and a variety of fibres such as carbon, glass as the reinforcement. Polymer matrix materials are also called a resin solution. There are many producer used it to produces composite. Besides that, there are many different polymers available such as polyester, vinyl ester, phenol, epoxy, Polyether Ether Ketene (PEEK), and others.

The days of doing research to improve mechanical and thermal like basic properties by adding nanofillers, surface modified long fibers, developing polymer blend system are becoming regular activities for manufacturers. The innovation need and ongoing research in polymeric materials are multi-functional and highly value creating for new product innovation, which can lead a new business and market growth. For example, recent past years, LED bulb market has seen significant growth, due to low cost manufacturing and highly energy

In these days, development of polymer composites is one of the most active research area in the field of nanomaterials. The composite consists of a matrix and a reinforcement (filler), these are combined in such a way that it enhance property as compared to the individual constituents. The property of composite material (matrix +filler) significantly depends on the mixture ratio between the matrix and nanofiller. Most commercially produced composites uses a polymer matrix material often called as resin solution. Type of composites contain polymer as a matrix known as polymer matrix. Most common polymer used as matrix are: polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyester, vinyl ester, epoxy, phenolic, polyimide, polyamide, polypropylene, PEEK, and others.