Nanoparticles To Contaminate The Environment

The risk of some toxic substances is that they do not biodegrade once more into the ecosystem. Although, there are many modern pesticides that are now made to degrade into their original elements and molecules so that they are no longer toxic, but other substances such as plastics and other manmade chemicals do not biodegrade. These nonbiodegradable compounds are called persistent organic pollutants (POPs), for example, Bisphenol A (BPA); as such compounds can cause long-term effects to the environment due to their longevity (Spooner, 2012). The degradability of any organic compound depends on the elemental characteristics of that compound and the environmental properties of the ecosystem receiving the compound. Strategies that monitor the

Working with nanoparticles is critical due to its nanoscale; they should be handled carefully considering safety

The technologic progress during the Industrial Revolution enhanced quality of life but also resulted in a human health burden. As in the case of asbestos with its decades of long latency that still remain, there are many legitimate concerns about the unknown human health consequences of nanomaterials. Nanotechnology, now at the leading edge of rapid development with many potential human health benefits, is perceived with apprehension for potential human health risks. Enhanced strength, durability, flexibility, performance, and inimitable physical properties associated with these materials has been exploited in a multitude of industries and treatment modalities including detection of tumors, targeted drug delivery, and prognostic visual monitoring

Background and Objective: the human activities generate a variety of contaminants. One of these contaminants is the pesticides which are used to exterminate the agricultural pest. Organophosphates are a class of pesticides which, were replaced with the organochlorines from a few decades ago, due to their less resistance. diazinon is one of Organophosphate insecticide which is classified as a relatively hazardous materials (Class II by the World Health Organization). Diazinon has many adverse effects such as disruption of the immune system (Immunotoxic), cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity. The insecticide is relatively soluble in water and the maximum remaining level in water is 1 mg/L. The release of diazinon into surface and groundwater resources is one of important worries. Several methods such as ultrasonic waves, biodegradation, optical degradation, ozonation, gamma rays, Fenton, UV / H2O2 and Photocatalytic degradation have been used to remove the diazinon. The complexity of the process, high cost and high consumption of chemicals are of the problems with these methods. Nano-photocatalytic methods are new developing methods to remove environmental pollutants. TiO2 has found more attention due to high photocatalytic activity, stability against the light corrosion, economic acceptability and lack of

This law establishes air quality to protect public health welfare to regulate emissions of hazardous air pollutants. States requirement to enforce the adopt plan to achieve air quality to control emissions. These two policies can assist with enforce state regulation guide line for vehicles emissions CHAPTER 62-285 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction all gasoline sold in the country’s worst ozone areas must contain a minimum oxygen content and a maximum benzene content. CHAPTER 62-297 Stationary Sources - Emission Monitoring regulated emissions tests for comparison with air pollution emission-limiting standards that are enforceable under state law an opacity test. These polices established by EPA provide state, tribal, and local agency plans for reducing air pollution. The state can necessary take over enforcing the Clean Air Act in that area. Regulation guide line in place can assist towards reduction ratio of emission in the atmosphere can a bringing balance to ecosystem.

Airborne contaminants can be mild in hazards to extremely dangerous, and are used quite often within the construction and general industries. Sometimes workers are even exposed to these airborne contaminants on a daily basis. The most common types of airborne contaminants are dusts, fumes, smoke, aerosols, mists, gases and vapors. All of these airborne contaminants are important to be aware of, you must know what their causes are and how to protect your workers from them. As each of these contaminants have a permissible exposure limit (PEL), and it is important to be aware of what each of them is, so you can make sure these levels are not reached or protective equipment is available and accurate for each exposure should your workers have to

This book by Hornyak and partners brings into perspective an integrated introduction to the nanoscience and its applications. The book further presents illustrations in full color regarding nanotechnology. From these illustrations, I will be developing a detailed understanding of the fundamentals of nanotechnology. I will also be acquiring knowledge on the different aspects of nanotechnology including chemistry, physics, and biology. The authors also discuss the impacts of nanotechnology on the society, which is also an important part of my paper. I will be gathering information on industrial concerns associated with nanotechnology in manufacturing and safety. This will broaden my discussion to a better-informed approach in explaining implications of nanotechnology in the modern

It is well documented that light energized, photocatalytic TiO2 is a safe, non-toxic, anti- oxidant that produces hydroxyl radicals (OH-) that are remarkably effective in rapidly decomposing organic compounds. When UV light is emitted on the titanium dioxide, electron are released. The electrons interact with water molecules (H2O) in the solution, breaking them up into hydroxyl radicals (OH·), which are highly reactive, short-lived, uncharged forms of hydroxide ions (OH−). These agile hydroxyl radicals attack the organic (carbon-based) molecules from which most dirt and other harmful chemicals are made of, breaking apart their chemical

Lot of researches are showing that the commercial and industrial activities that involves chemicals causes contamination. High traffic areas are getting contaminated mainly due to emitted gas from the vehicles (P.H.Raven et al, 1998). Pressure treated wood are used to form decks, swing sets, play spaces. Arsenic, especially chromatic copper arsenate or CCA is used

The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined particulate matter (PM2.5), as an outdoor air pollutant. Also known as air pollution, aerosols, and “fine” particulate matter, PM2.5 has emerged as one of the most significant environmental and public health concerns over the past several decades. PM2.5 has revealed to hold detrimental affects on human health and is attributable to over 130,0000 deaths annually according to 2005 air quality levels (Hoek et al. 2013; CDC). The processes of economic development, urbanization, energy production, and consumption, and transportation have been the primary driving forces of PM2.5. (EPA; Huang et al, 2014)

As a Research Associate (and a former Research Fellow) at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH), my research has focused on i) the development of novel platforms to investigate exposure to particulate matter (Coarse, Fine, and Ultrafine Particles) and gaseous pollutants and ii) to understand the exposure risk, pathways, dose, and health effects. To attain these goals, I implemented state-of-the-art analytical techniques to characterize the exposures, developed novel in-vitro assays to investigate their biological effect, and pioneered methods to understand these interactions down to molecular level. During that time, I also developed a green sustainable antimicrobial platform, the Engineered Water

The current research demonstrates that bulk chemistry and mass measurements may be less suited for assessment than the nanoparticle’s properties of surface chemistry, surface area, and particle size. Most of the current sampling techniques utilized for measuring airborne nanoaerosols are not readily applicable to nanoparticle exposure monitoring. When possible, personal air sampling is preferable to provide an accurate representation of the worker’s actual exposure, as opposed to real-time monitoring or area air sampling exposure measurements to evaluate work practices and engineering controls.

There are different environmental clean-up processes such as the conventional physio-chemical process, which removes the contaminants only from the point of contamination and introduces it to another uncontaminated site. This can occur during transport of the contaminant to the disposal site. Techniques like this can be very expensive, and in some cases, the contaminating compound is not detoxified. This method leaves a vast health and environmental concern when the contaminant is not properly handled. The second method is the use of ultra-violet (UV) radiation, which is very expensive. Regardless of the ability to use UV oxidation to remove contaminants like inorganic hydrocarbons, continued exposure to UV can be very detrimental to

Soil forms an important asset of today’s urban and rural population. Crops growing on fertile soils are important for feeding the millions around the globe. Accidental oil spills from water bodies and industries contaminate the soil in its vicinity. Also, pollution due to pesticides and insecticides have increasingly demanded soil clean up and restoration. Often we lay more emphasis on the role of biotic agents in remediation/ biodegradation but forget the important role that some physical effects have on the remediation of soils. This can be more advantageous and often is more effective in contaminant removal than other chemical or biological processes. The potential for using such an approach is clear in the fact that such methods are currently being used at some Superfund sites throughout the United States. They have been proven

For many years scientists, along with concerned patrons, have been contemplating climate change and what dangers it presents to human kind. Climate change refers to the variation in normal weather patterns caused due to pollution. “Environmental pollution refers to the contamination of ecosystem and the surrounding atmosphere by different forms of pollutants (Chemicals and energies)” (omcis.org). Environmental pollution and climate is becoming a more substantial concern worldwide as the years go on. Numerous studies have been ran throughout the years showing statistical reasoning behind the environmental changes. Environmentalists debate about what the leading cause is and what we are able to do to stop such turmoil.