Nanotechnology And Its Effects On Cancer Essay

It is no secret that cancer is leading cause of death in the world. It was estimated that in 2012, 14.1 million new cases of cancer occurred worldwide and 8.2 million people died as a result of cancer [1]. Cancer prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate, yet the progress of treatment has been slow, with benefits of treatment being measured in only months or even weeks. Most patients with a specific type of cancer at a certain stage will receive the exact same form of treatment, but it has been made clear that while the treatment works well for some, it does not for a significant amount of others. The treatment that patients receive today is based on

Hugh Savagè has liver cancer. Chemotherapy failed, surgery failed. In a last ditch attempt to save his own life, Hugh signs up for a miracle trial using nanotechnology. In this trial, the widely-used chemotherapy drug Epirubicin was attached to nanodiamonds (carbon structures with a diameter of about five nanometres) to cultivate a nanodiamond-Epirubicin drug delivery complex (EPND). Researchers have found that while both the usual Epirubicin and EPND are capable of killing normal cancer cells, only EPND is capable of killing chemo resistant cancer stem cells and preventing secondary tumour formation in xenograft models of liver cancer.

In America today finding a cure for cancer is a huge priority with clinical trails being a big part in these goal there are some newly developed drugs and technology that are making a huge impact in the cancer world.

Nanocarriers (NCs) have emerged as a favored drug delivery approach towards improving the anticancer benefits of several bioactives for cancer therapy with recent reports showing the application of NC systems in clinical settings [18]. The NCs with size < 100 nm have been associated with enhanced permeation and retention effect (EPR) due to the presence of leaky vasculature in the tumor tissues which contributes to its enhanced efficacy. Also recently, NCs have shown to be effective in the treatment of malignant mesothelioma [19]. A recent study by Kanai et al. showed that the NC albumin-bound paclitaxel and carboplatin (nabPC) repetitively achieved tumor regression in malignant mesothelioma

Anthracyclines antitumour antibiotics are capable to inflict the action of topoisomerase involved in DNA replication which inhibits mitotic and disrupt cells proliferation. Doxorubicin (DOX, with the commercial name of Adriamycin) is one of anthracycline and is a potent FDA-approved chemotherapy drug with the great efficiency to combat cancerous cell dividing [1]. Doxorubicin has been acknowledged to treat various types of cancers as well as breast cancer, bone marrow cancer, osteosarcoma and others for several decades that its ability limited by adverse side effect and unpredictable toxicity on normal cells leads to reduce immune cells and also extremely cardiotoxicity. Patients become more susceptible to infections [2]. For this reason, nanoparticles

The National Cancer Institute states that “In 2016, an estimated 1,685,210 new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in the United States and 595,690 people will die from the disease” (“What”). Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, only behind heart diseases, because of this cancer is one of the most researched diseases, and is constantly making progress in prevention and control. Despite these things cancer will not be cured by 2050, but it will be easier to treat and control. Also it will be nearly impossible to spread a cure and capable doctors to third world countries in the next thirty four years. To cure cancer it must be completely understood by those who are researching it.

Cancer has been a disease since the dawn of man and even since that moment, we as humans have strived to understand its’ lethality and discover ways to combat it. This proves to be a more difficult task than it seems. Cancer, by definition, is the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in the body [1]. These divisions can spread into the surrounding tissues as well and cause damage to the regions they locate to. Many of these divisions can lead to solid growths in the body. The growths are usually referred to as tumors [1]. These tumors are masses of tissue that group together.

Nanomedicine has been tested to try and fight cancer cells and destroy them by the University of California, Los Angeles(UCLA). The nanomedicine has improved unmodified medicine including targeting efficiency. Nanomedicine delivers a “Double whammy” as it is put by UCLA. Nanomedicine has the strength to possibly overcome some of the most severe diseases especially cancer because once cancer is able to be extinguished the human race could become nearly invulnerable. Cancer is one of the most severe cases of a disease. Cancer could kill thousands and diagnose way more people.

The technologic progress during the Industrial Revolution enhanced quality of life but also resulted in a human health burden. As in the case of asbestos with its decades of long latency that still remain, there are many legitimate concerns about the unknown human health consequences of nanomaterials. Nanotechnology, now at the leading edge of rapid development with many potential human health benefits, is perceived with apprehension for potential human health risks. Enhanced strength, durability, flexibility, performance, and inimitable physical properties associated with these materials has been exploited in a multitude of industries and treatment modalities including detection of tumors, targeted drug delivery, and prognostic visual monitoring

In this study, published in the scientific journal Advanced Materials, Quanyin Hu has created a better way to administer doxorubicin and TRAIL, two anticancer drugs. By using platelets, part of the blood that aids in clotting, to mask the foreign drugs from the body's defense system, these bioengineers caused the drugs to stay in the body for a longer amount of time when compared to the amount of time non-platelet covered anticancer drugs stayed in the body. The results of this experiment showed that platelet covered anticancer drugs stayed in the body longer than the same anticancer drugs surrounded by a nano-gel system. In this experiment, the dependent variable was the amount of time the anticancer drugs stayed in the body of a mouse.

As one of the most prevalent causes of death globally, cancer has been a main focus for bioengineers. While it is understood that, to treat cancer, malignant tissue must be resected, many issues arise when these tumors are not removed thoroughly, when the tumors are not determined accurately, or when more time has passed for the cancer to spread to other parts of the body. Currently, there are various technologies and applications that are being researched such as the application of microfluidic devices (Han, Park and Kim). Many of these emerging technologies are important to continue studying and developing for numerous biomedical applications, including cancer diagnosis. While there are various technologies and applications that are currently being studied, many of these are still considered to be new and need further application, trials, and approval. In addition to

In conclusion, cancer fighting nanobots are leading into our future and leading into more new discoveries in the medical field. This new technology will not only help everyone's live but also will help the lives of cancer patients, in medical form. This invention may just be the solution to help save millions of lives in today's

They were then stained with trypan blue dye for ten minutes and images were taken with a microscope. The dead cells absorbed the dye and appeared blue in the images, allowing researchers to know how many cells were killed. Nine different light intensities were tested, from 13 W/cm2 to 64 W/cm2 . Since malignant epithelial carcinoma cells overexpress EGFR, the gold nanoparticles were more abundant with HOC cells and HSC cells than HaCaT cells. Consequently, it was found that both HOC cells and HSC cells experience cell destruction at a significantly lower intensity of light than HaCaT cells. HOC cells required a minimum of 13 W/cm2 intensity of light for any cell death to occur and HSC cells required a minimum of 19 W/cm2, while HaCaT cells required a minimum of 57 W/cm2 for any cell death to occur.

Cancer is a big problem that causes millions of deaths every year. According to the Center for Disease Control, about eight million people die from cancer each year. Cancer is the broad term used to describe a wide range of tumors which are caused by mutations during the copying of DNA. Usually, cells are able to detect this and put the cell into a permanent G0 nondividing phase, or cause the cell to kill itself through the process of apoptosis. However, if cancer is not detected, it will grow uncontrollably. Common places for cancer to grow are in the lungs, the prostate in males, and the breasts in females. This can be very harmful as it can impair organ function. When cancer is localized, it is relatively easy to treat it with chemotherapy, which is chemicals that target fast-growing cells and kill them, and radiation, which eliminates these cells by exposing them to radiation of very arrow wavelengths. However, once cancer cells spread and reach the bloodstream, they can metastasize and spread to other areas of the body, including the brain. Most cancers left untreated will cause death. However, immunologists are testing numerous ways to treat cancers that were once considered untreatable.

The idea of placing a very small controllable object into the human body in order to accomplish a medical feat, believe it or not, came from a science fiction film! In 1966, a movie by the name of Fantastic Voyage was produced and explored the subject. In this movie, a spy with critical information was nearly assassinated and left comatose with a potentially fatal clot in his brain. To save his life and to retrieve the top secret information, a submarine was shrunk to microbe size and injected into his body with a team of surgeons onboard. The team navigated to his brain to mechanically destroy the clot and save the spy along with his secret information.