Nanotechnology ( Nano : One Billionth

A minority of hair coloring products are designed to create hair colors not typically found in nature. The available colors are diverse,

Have you ever drove home from work, having a feeling you were forgetting to do something important? It’s 7 o’clock in the evening, you just realized that you were supposed to pay a bill before the bank closed. The money is there in the account but, how is the bank supposed to receive it? Well, luckily you pull out an iphone 6 to transfer the money into the account to pay the bill by using e-banking. Simple as that, you go home with a clear conscience knowing only that your bill is paid. Of course, people only care for the end results of a situation, but it’s sometimes good to consider what goes on in the transition. Crucial data such as financial record and pin number need to be under tight security. Only highly advanced technology that was

Wood, S., & Jones, R. (2003). The social and economic challenges of nanotechnology. Swindon: Economic and Social Research Council.

Today, vaccination is regarded to as one of the greatest medical achievements. A lot of diseases such as smallpox, that were killers thousands of years ago are have become almost nonexistent all thanks to vaccines. Over the last a few years, there has been arguments and debates about how effective vaccines are. Vaccines contain weak viruses and when entering the body, the immune system identifies the foreign substances (antigens). Once the antigens are identified the immune system develops proteins called antibodies which are made of lymphocytes of B-cells; the antibodies circle in the body and kill antigens. Memory cells then remember the antigens so that when exposed to the same antigens again, they'll kill them. Still, 160 years after the invention of the needle and syringe, they are still being used to deliver vaccines. On the podcast "A needle-free vaccine patch that's safer and way cheaper", Mark Kendall argues that it's time to advance. He states that even though vaccines are successful technology and have increased our life span, the needle and syringe have some shortcomings. These shortcoming are cross-contaminations with needle, it could hold back next generation's vaccines in terms of immune response, and it could be responsible for the problem of cold chain.

Among other approaches tried by scientists, colloidal systems like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles etc., have shown promise but not many products have made it to the market (7). Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems are gaining much popularity in recent years. Among these, nanoparticulate drug delivery systems from biodegradable and biocompatible polymer are an interesting option for controlled drug delivery and drug targeting (8). Amongst the various drug-delivery systems, solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carrier (NLCs) are potentially attractive choices due to their natural components and easily scaled-up formulation processes. In addition, their hydrophobic core provides a suitable environment for entrapment of hydrophobic drugs (9). Among the important technological advantages of nanoparticles as drug carriers are: high stability (i.e. long shelf life), high carrier capacity (i.e. many drug molecules can be incorporated into the particle matrix), feasibility of incorporation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, and feasibility of variable routes of administration (10). NLCs are kind of lipid-based nanoparticles, which has the advantages of biodegradable, brain targeting, well-recognized safety profile by drastically reducing drug-related toxicities through reduction of nonspecific biodistribution (11). NLCs consist of an unstructured solid lipid

It is one of the many ways people express themselves and their individuality. One of the ways that people use hair to express themselves is by lightening the hair and possibly adding color to the hair. In the study being presented, a researcher is testing whether the process of chemically lightening hair permanently alters the structure of human hair.

In the fall of my junior year, while attending a Wella hair product education class, I discovered that I could combine my love of cosmetology and my interest in chemistry by becoming a cosmetic chemist. Over the past two years my passion for cosmetology has grown. I believe that I will always be involved in cosmetology in some capacity. By attending a cosmetology program I have been given a good foundation in the cosmetic chemistry field. In order to formulate successful products one needs to do a lot more than understand product formulation. One needs to consider the structure of the hair, what the product will do to strengthen the cortex, how it will affect the color under the hair’s cuticle. I see my cosmetology education as a unique tool that help me along the way to reach my

This information is reliable because Linda Raber who studied the chemistry of hair for 27 years writes

The venerable Honora “Nano” Nagle, foundress of the Presentation Sisters in the mid-18th century, was an Irish woman who responded to the needs of the impoverished and oppressed Catholic community, leaving an enduring legacy of education and service to the poor. Credited as being a pioneer of Catholic education in Ireland, Nano Nagle inspired her closest companions to form a community called the Society for the Charitable Instruction of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, and their enduring legacy can be observed through the work of the Presentation sisters around the world. The plight of the poor in Dublin from the 1740’s inspired her generosity and assistance of the marginalized and this commitment to service continues throughout the world today through her Ode and those who support them.

Gelatine was the medium used to create an imprint of hair samples. A 10-20% gelatine stock solution was made; 15g of gelatine granules were weighed and added to 100ml of heated distilled water. The mixture was heated on a hot plate to

Dioxanes existing in skin care products make rough substances smooth. All of these chemicals have been identified as possibly carcinogenic. Even though people recognized that their sunscreen, shampoo, and other types of creams are doing a lot of environmental and physical harm, they still use them to make their body beautiful, The global demand of consumers of this products makes the disposal of these products increase. It is very hard to believe how much of an environmental damage cosmetics and skincare products are doing. (Hunt, 2012). Research also demostrate that when these nano-particles are cleared off they seek their path into the main water resource like lakes, streams and rivers where they probably harm the micro ecosystem that stables the marine environment. For example, in United States there is a huge quantity of products sold on an everyday basis, the terrifying fact is that around 89% of ingredients discovered in everyday items have not been examined for safety against any publicly responsible institution. Even though there seems to be great improvement on the industries, while we find different techniques of production and alternative ingredients, the consumer demand push

By 2004, its product pipeline focused on viral infections, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, and cancer. It maintains headquarters in South Boston, Massachusetts, and two research facilities, in San Diego, California, and Oxford, England. The company's beginnings were profiled by Barry Werth in the 1994 book The Billion-Dollar

All the penetration enhancers in (except for TU and UH) are reported as penetration enhancers for topical or transdermal application on the skin. Thiourea and urea-hydrogen peroxide are good nail penetration enhancers (Khengar, R. et al 2007). The mechanism of action mentioned for the skin penetration enhancers are based on their action on the skin alone. It is probable that the effect of these enhancers in increasing transungual drug levels is drug specific (Murdan, S. 2008). The penetration enhancers being screened here can represent some important classes of the penetration enhancers that the FDA recognized as safe for formulation. For example, surfactants including Brij, spans, N-methyl pyrrolidone and solvents such as propylene glycols (Amrit K et al,

Since the time of the ancient humans, people have also been trying to change the color of their hair. There were many different methods to improve appearance quickly such as hair dye. This method was simple to use, just imposing, rubbing, or diluting and flushing with water. Yet, the hair coloring is dangerous to the health of the hair and the skin causing many reactions. In the 19th century women used many dangerous ingredients unconsciously such as lethal oxalic acid to change hair to dark color. Also, the other recipe to make the hair lighter was a mixture of lime and bisulphate of magnesia which causes irritation and a burning sensation of the skin, loss of hair and scalp damage.

A major problem facing the world today is the energy crisis. The amount of energy being consumed is much greater than the fossil fuels of the Earth will be able to keep up with in the long run. As energy use continues to grow, the demand for energy will exceed its supply. This is obviously a huge problem, and why this is being referred to as a crisis. However, nanotechnology can potentially solve this problem due to its ability to help make every aspect of producing or consuming energy significantly more efficient. Yet, the use of nanotechnology in solving the energy crisis would not come without large impacts: some positive, but some negative.