Naples Case Study

Life in Italy in the 1930’s caused difficulty to some Italians during that time period. During the 1930’s a large number of Italians who had opposed the fascist rule of Benito Mussolini arrived in the United States. After the news spread in Italy about the bombing of Pearl Harbour almost all Italians supported the war against Benito Mussolini. At this point, Italy was slowly becoming under the Nazi rule, the significance of a woman’s role in Italy was emphasised as they were expected to accept the fascist ideology. Girls were expected to get married and conceive lots of children. Many young women in Italy felt the pressures of politics that were dominated by men and felt that women’s rights were disappearing

For the past fifty years the shift from meeting the housing needs of the poor through government projects-based housing to a more individual approach, has been slowly implemented. Housing vouchers now enable underprivileged populations to move from high-poverty, segregated neighborhoods to more un-segregated, low-poverty neighborhoods. Low-poverty neighborhoods have less crime, better opportunities for employment, and more diverse schooling options. Some housing advocates however, contend that housing assistance is unnecessary and is an income subsidy that should be combined with other social safety nets (Clark, W. 2008).

The area which is one of the most dangerous areas in Miami has a high crime rate. In the past, several years the area has seen a dramatic increase in the lower income families that reside there. Many have population have suffered from the economic decline of the area leading to many losing businesses and homes. Many of the homeless in the area have been previous residents of the area, with the economic decline of the area many of the population have been displaced and have become homeless. The homeless in the area often have ties to the community whether family or friend and as such they continue to stay in the area.

In an effort to address the youth and child poverty issues, the local government created the Child Poverty Prevention Council fund in 2008, its purpose and its goal to present and establish “programs which will reduce child poverty in the state by 50% over the next 10 years” (Child Poverty Prevention Council for Louisiana, 2009). This council is comprised of 19 member organizations that represent the state legislature, the state executive agencies, businesses and labor groups, higher education institutions, and New Orleans professional advocacy groups. The outline of the priority stages of action to tackle the child poverty within the city are improving birth outcome, early childhood education initiatives, strengthening disadvantaged youth connections to school and work, and raising the EITC (Earned Income Tax Credit) from 3.5% 27 percent of the Federal EITC amount. The greater New Orleans Foundation is a local governing foundation this housing and community development in the wake of hurricane Katrina includes the community revitalization fund. This five year $25,000,000 initiative is designated to support organizations, people, and systems that produce a portable workforce housing in the city of New Orleans. The greater in New Orleans foundation also works closely with the Center for

Recently in Detroit, with the efforts to negate the current standings, they provided housing aid. According to the housing statistic, the housing aid drew crowds in Detroit. “One in four working-age adults in Detroit are without a job and the city’s home foreclosure rate continues to be among the nation’s highest.”

California’s housing situation is severe compared to the rest of the United States. California is included in the top three states with the most “housing cost burdened individuals” (Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University, 2015). In a list of 20 cities where rents were highest compared to income, 10 of the 20 cities were in California with Los Angeles, CA topping the list (Dewan, 2014). Opponents might say that households in poverty could never afford housing due to their impoverished state but poverty measures of California show that the abnormally high cost of housing in California makes matters more severe and causes the amount of households that are severely cost afflicted to increase. Furthermore, when poverty measures take into account California’s uniquely expensive and insufficient housing supply, the results show that housing costs contribute significantly to poverty. For example, when housing costs were included in the California Poverty Measure as well as federal Supplemental Poverty Measure, the poverty rates rose substantially (Wimer, Mattingly, & Levin, 2013) (Short, 2015). And when high housing costs were artificially substituted with low housing costs, poverty rates significantly dropped (Bohn, Danielson, & Levin, 2013). And it’s not just the poor who are affected! Even those who are moderate income earners are becoming financially burdened by high housing costs. Those who are moderately well off compared to low income earners are financially burdened by rent costs in expensive cities like San Francisco and Los Angeles, CA (Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University,

Right now, the median price for a home in the area is $450,000. The sales price has risen by $75,000 in just the last year. During the same year, the average price per square foot rose from $224 to $238. Since the sales price has risen by 20 percent in just the last year, right now is a good time to enter the marketplace before prices

There is a large population of low-income individuals who are aged, handicapped, or otherwise in the low-income group of individuals who need assistance in obtaining appropriate housing and who, without the benefits of Section 8 subsidized housing would be homeless or living in inhumane conditions and many of these children and the elderly. Section 8 subsidized housing is a HUD program that assists

One of the causes of homelessness in Baltimore City is lack of affordable housing, this includes subsidized housing from the state. Lack of affordable housing in Baltimore City is due to an increase luxury housing and Baltimore’s decrease desire for rental housing (Mayor’s Office of Human Services, 2013). Available housing is not proportional to the wages of people living in Baltimore City. Nearly half of renters in Baltimore spend 35% of their income or more on their rent. The waiting list for Baltimore City opened in 2014 and 74,000 households applied for 25,000 available slots for up to six years to own a voucher (“Homelessness in Baltimore,” 2017). For the extremely poor population there are only 42 available homes for over 100 people who identify with the population (Public Justice Center, 2015). Therefore, Baltimore needs to make affordable housing for their population or there should be an increase in jobs and wages. However, the private sector is not interested in developing houses for the low-income population because it is not profitable compared to selling a building to a company to make luxury housing (Richman, 2015).

In the latest iteration of its approaches to getting housing aid to people displaced by Hurricane Katrina, FEMA has shifted its strategy from doling out incremental portions of housing assistance to cutting checks for up to the statutorily allowable amount of $26,200 per household for approximately 60,000 households whose homes FEMA has determined can be declared destroyed without need for inspection. Households whose homes are in certain ZIP codes in five parishes in Louisiana and three counties in Mississippi that satellite imaging show complete devastation are slated to start receiving checks for the remainder of their allowable ¡§individual household assistance¡¨ after deducting the $2,000 and/or $2,358 allotments some have already received. Homeowners will receive the full $26,200 and renters something less. Why there is a difference in aid between homeowners and renters was not explained.

children, causing Katrina to shoulder most of the costs for their shared house. Katrina’s personal choices

Often, when someone can’t afford housing prices, they will apply for low-income housing prices that will

* On May 9, 2006, Secretary Jackson approved Louisiana’s initial supplemental CDBG Disaster Action Plan and awarded the state $368.4 million to help meet the state’s infrastructure needs, provide interest-free small business bridge loans and support long-term planning efforts. On May 30, 2006, Secretary Jackson approved an amended plan and awarded an additional $4.6 billion of the state’s original $6.2 billion to fund Louisiana’s Road Home Program. This program provides up to $150,000 to eligible homeowners whose primary residences were located outside pre-Katrina designated flood zones and were destroyed or severely damaged following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. (Hurricane Katrina:  What Government is Doing, 2006)

Though these items are just material, for those who have been torn, they can make whole again. After Hurricane Katrina (Muskal, 2005) hit in 2005 people lived in trailers for more than 6 years,…that is unacceptable. As of today, more than 100,000 families have gotten emergency help to pay for food, clothing, and water. And to help lower-income citizens, I also propose that Congress pass an Urban Homesteading Act (Library of Congress,2005). Property belonging to the Federal Government will be used to help people rebuild on the land provided. Learning from the last disaster that effected our great country, is a lesson not soon forgotten. Because we were not prepared for this level of tragedy the last disaster, we have learned unfortunately, that a time line given is not always a time line

“Two in three Miami renters pay 30 percent or more of their salaries to their landlords, making them “cost burdened,” according to a new study from real estate website Apartment List. One in three Miami renters pay more than half their income in rent.” (Nehamas 2015). In the united states Miami has become one of the most difficult cities to live in. Since the population grows every day, there is competition for rent. “A lot of people are knocking on doors saying,’ we’d like to rent this place,’ and that gives the landlord’s the