Narrative Frames and Interpretive Models in Troilus and Criseyde
Interpretive certainty is purposely elusive in Geoffrey Chaucer's "Troilus and Criseyde". Meaning within the text is convoluted and continually renegotiated. Any attempt to design a singular coherent stable source of meaning is problematic at best. Throughout the work, narrative frames are broken and reordered and the validity of any fixed interpretive model is challenged. Virtually every broad thematic discussion developed is potentially qualified or compromised by the presence of a key figure, the narrator of the poem. As an ever-present observer, the narrator is both author and audience to a sequence of events he essentially helps to create. He is
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The personality of the narrator is foregrounded and exists as a character engaged in an open dialogue with the reader. The narrator is thoroughly unreliable in his ability to serve as the sole source of information and insight, a figure possessing absolute control of the text. The authority of the narrator is paradoxically undermined and underscored by admission of his own inadequacies in shaping the text.
Whether from mythological beings, ancient writers, a fictitious mentor, or the actual reader of the poem, the narrator claims to need support from outside sources in order to effectively tell the tale. The narrator portrays himself alternately as reluctant, ignorant, or simply incapable of fulfilling his duties. He invokes the powers of the Furies, Cleo, Venus, and the Fates at the beginning of each book to inspire and enhance his narrative skills. The invocations not only serve as symbolic bridges to the actions that follow in each book, but also allow the possibility of distance to develop between the narrator and his creative responsibility to the work. By invoking the gods, the narrator could be seen as an intermediary, a conduit, a pawn, rather than an active participant.
The narrator does not, however, wish to completely shirk his creative contribution to the text. Instead, he attempts to qualify it. He likens his skill
Composers of texts present a biased attitude to the events, personalities or situations represented. In various texts such as Shakespeare’s “Julius Caesar” and Leunig’s cartoon “Yet another picture with the wrong caption”, the composers bias is evident even though conflicting perspectives towards the personality are presented.
He, obviously, is the narrator, and the person whom we see the story through. He gives us his opinions on the matters at hand, and we see the book through his viewpoint. The traits described above allow him to be such a great narrator, for he can get people to confide in him, and relay this information to the reader.
Throughout the essay the writer employs a variety of pronouns in a genuine attempt to persuade the audience and draw them in. As an example, he successfully includes
The author reveals the character/narrator by using indirect characterization. In the story, the character is describing his actions and thoughts, telling what type of person he is in the process. For example, in the story, the character says “In the enthusiasm of my confidence…”(Line 17). This is revealing that the character can be prideful and that it could cloud his judgment. But, simultaneously,the
The chosen interpretation rests on how the narrator’s character is analyzed through her hidden thoughts and concerns. In the following paragraphs, we’ll look at how the author, Gilman, uses indirect characterization to reveal the narrator’s character through emphasis on the narrator’s thoughts.
The writer composes the story from the perspective of an analyst. She alludes to occasions later on, facts, and information that no character could have known in the setting of the story. Incorporated into the content are genuine quotes said or composed by the general population she expounds on, including the primary character. She utilizes an extremely objective voice, giving successive analysis of distinctive individuals' outlook and continually alluding to insights to demonstrate her point. Since the book does not focus on the point of view of any single character, it peruses more like a news article than a story, which frequently exhausting its groups of readers. Accordingly, Hillenbrand's written work style once in a while obstructs the correspondence of her thoughts because she regularly includes actualities, quotes and investigation in the book; it usually bores audience on the grounds that it peruses more like a news article instead of a
Introduction: John’s domination over the Narrator is evident from the beginning of the short story. The Narrator remains unknown and takes the identity of John’s wife not an individual human being. This identity, further explored, becomes her personality because she obeys John’s every command.
The narrator’s diction on the page can be described as vain due to the fact he doesn’t need an introduction when the narrator says it is “not really necessary” (4). The narrator’s diction reveals that he has a methodical, stone cold personality that puts the narrator in a more superior position then the human race. Achieving
The narrator of “The Tell Tale Heart” is unreliable because he exaggerates many of the “sane” actions he performed. The narrator boasts to the audience how, “[he]
In the very first lines of The General Prologue, Chaucer is already demonstrating how his work can be read in two ways: nominalistically and realistically. The nominalist, Chaucer’s pilgrim narrator, sees the lines meant to interpret one way, while the realist, Chaucer the poet, interprets the lines another way.
A written piece of literature means nothings without the reader. If a story is never read or interpreted by someone, then it means nothing at all. Only when a piece of literature is read and given a response does it mean anything. The role of the reader is essential to the meaning of a text, for only in the reading experience does the literary work come alive. Furthermore, each reader can interpret a text differently and is affected by outside influences. These influences can effect major areas of the text and in some cases give it a different meaning. In John Fowles 's The Magus, the reader 's response to the authors story telling can differ by their social class, reaction to the main character, and gender. These key differences can give the story a whole new meaning and why the reader 's response to literature is so important.
The relationship between Troilus and Criseyde in Geoffrey Chaucer’s adaptation of their tragic love story notably hinges on the perception of Troilus’s “manhod.” The interpretation of Troilus as a “feminized” male character, and the consequent view that he was not manly enough to keep Criseyde as his lover, exemplifies the importance Chaucer places on gender roles in the poem. Troilus’s passive nature, as a result of his “lovesickness,” led to his failure to obey the normative masculine patterns of behavior. His lack of action is ultimately the reason why his relationship with Criseyde fails. While we know the tragic ending to their story is inevitable, Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde presents gender as a central cause for its ending.
Understanding the sources for a particular work is an important task for literary critics, because it ultimately leads to a better understanding and appreciation of the work itself. Sometimes similarities are so weak as to strain the credulity of theories propounding influence. At other times, the ties are so strong that influence is near certain. However, regardless of the strength of such ties, the alterations made to an original source are very potent cues as to authorial intention. In composing The Canterbury Tales, there is a broad diversity of tales told by a wide range of narrators. This indicates that Chaucer likely used a wide variety of sources. The alterations made by Chaucer to the source material for the Clerk’s Tale, including Boccaccio’s Decameron X, or “The Story of Griselda,” indicate Chaucer’s motive to examine issues such as marriage as was found in Renaissance Italy, and to explore the state of mind of the Marquis, as well as Griselda. Chaucer not only layers psychological depth to Boccaccio’s tale, but also adds to its traditional veneration of the obedient and tractable wife a genuine admiration for women in general.
It´s imperative we consider that Chaucer has adopted two personas for the sake of safe satirization carrying no repercussions directed at the author, with separate standpoints still representing the author´s actual thoughts. The author himself, removing his
This passage from Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde comes from a scene towards the beginning of Book Two where Criseyde and her uncle Pandarus are discussing love, specifically relation to Troilus’s desire for her. In these lines, the overbearing Pandarus gives a woeful Criseyde advice on what to do, with Criseyde giving her reaction immediately after. With the format of the rhyme royal, Chaucer creates new relationships between individual words, both in a sonic sense as well as a visual one with the page itself. Through this, he presents the possibility of a tainted love, wrought with the pressures from outside forces.