Natural Gas World Market

Natural Gas is one of the main sources of energy for many of our daily needs and activities because of the clean, safe, and useful characteristic. Natural gas is colorless,

Recent spike in US and Canada shale gas production have reduced the prices in the region to historical minimum of less than $4/MMBtu, a half of the price for Europe and five times less the price for China or Japan. This difference in prices has raised huge interest to export of LNG from USA to Asian market. Out of country’s total 11 LNG

Research by Schimel (2007) illustrates that 98.5% of the natural gas we use in United States comes from right here in North America (Schimel, 2007). One of the advantages in using natural gas is that it benefits the environment because it burns cleanly. The chemical process for natural gas has fewer impurities; it is less chemically complex thus less byproducts are defused into the atmosphere as pollutants. It also produces LESS nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide compared to other commonly used fossil fuels. They are also economical and efficient because the natural gas is channeled directly to the people’s home through the safe, efficient pipeline system. Whether the sun is shining or the wind is blowing hard, will not damage the pipeline system because it is made from steel or plastic tubes which are usually buried. Lastly, there is an abundant supply of natural gas, heats our homes, cooks our meals, provides 24% of the nation 's electricity, powers vehicles, and fuels industrial facilities.

Iran has stated a goal to remain the third largest gas producer in the world with gas production of 360 billion cubic meters / year by 2025. The European Union will be able to assist Iran with this goal as the expansion of the upstream gas production will require investment and technology from European and international companies. Iran has also expressed interest in injecting gas into the oil fields in order to maintain and increase oil production. EU companies can offer efficient solutions to increase the recovery rates of Iranian oil fields and hence help Iran produce more efficiently.

The shortage of energy is already one of crucial issues in some areas and it is spreading steadily across the globe. In addition, the vast majority of the consuming energy comes from nonrenewable fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas, and coal, which threaten the damage of environment that can lead to the global warming. Therefore, it is required to find new renewable source of energy, which can entirely ensure sustainable system and provide the population with environmentally friendly, financially available and productive energy (Turner 1999). The methane gas (CH½) is the biogas that is abundant in nature; it is also produced anaerobically by recycling the materials as wood wastes, agricultural crops, municipal solid wastes, and wastes from food processing and aquatic plants and most effectively by concentrated animal wastes (Bingemer and et al. 1987). The biogas is widely adopted in many fields, such as heat and electricity production in industry, chemicals and proteins emitter, manufacturing the vehicle fuel. In addition, the methane has a significant role in agriculture; it is indispensable substance that can supply rural areas simultaneously with heat and electricity (Holm-Nielsen and et al. 2009). This paper suggests the methane gas as an alternative solution and evaluates the most proper area for opportunely utilizing it.

For decades the United States of America has been relying on fossil fuels to power its economy and to function as a country. One namely Diesel fuel has power big rigs that our country depends on to transport merchandise and goods. It seems like it is part of the American way of life burning more than 1 billion dollars’ worth of oil per day. An estimated 10 percent of that is consumed by big rig trucks. The United States military also used diesel for a majority of its craft and vehicles. That is a large amount of oil and that is why there is research being done looking for alternative options to keep the country going. The topics at hand are natural gas and liquid natural gas.

In 2014 the export economy was ranked 35th largest in the world, and 60th for complexity according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI). The reported exported goods was $125B and $32.8B imported, creating a positive trade balance. Resulting in 2014 gross domestic product (GDP) totaling $210B and the per capita GDP was $140k. The top exports for Qatar are Petroleum Gas, Crude Petroleum, Refined Petroleum, Ethylene Polymers and Nitrogenous Fertilizers. (Qatar Economy, n.d.) The export of oil and gas can account for approximately 85 percent of the countries export revenues. The proven oil reserves are in excess of 25 billion barrels, and the natural gas reserves are third largest in the world. Qatar’s banking remains competitive and amended laws for investment to attract more foreign investment. (Qatar 2016, n.d.) Having a strong economy and abundance of high demand resource has helped with Qatar making allies and having an influence in the Southwest Asia region.

Natural gas is colorless, shapeless, and odorless in its pure form. The gaseous fossil fuel consists chiefly of methane but comprises significant amounts of ethane, propane, butane, and pentane heavier hydrocarbons removed prior to use as a customer fuel, as well as nitrogen, helium and hydrogen sulfide. Natural gas is flammable and gives off a prodigious deal of vigor when scorched. Would involve energy regularly, to heat homes, cook food, and produce electricity, it is this need for energy that has raised up natural gas to such a level of position.

According to the study, the oil and gas industry will contribute 0.9 percent of the estimated 3.7 percent GDP growth; the sector was responsible for 9.8 percent of the 12.5 percent growth in 2016-2017. The study forecasts a 4.1 percent growth

Currently, most of the world’s energy is derived from fossil fuels (World Energy Resources 2013 Survey). Fossil fuels are a limited resource and might not be able to meet the future energy requirements of the world for too long (Shafiee and Topal 2009). Apart from being non-renewable, these are also significant contributors of greenhouse gases to the environment leading to air, water and land pollution (Marland and Rotty 1984). Due to the nature of these resources there is an urgent need to conserve these resources. It is also important to explore alternative energy sources for the future.To this end, multiple solutions have been proposed. One of the most

Here in America we have been sitting atop a goldmine of natural gas wells that rank among the most abundant in the world. While natural gas is by no means a renewable source of energy, reserves are much more plentiful in America than oil. Natural gas also burns much cleaner than coal making it friendlier to our heavily burdened atmosphere. Current estimates put our nation’s natural gas supply somewhere around “twenty five hundred trillion cubic feet of technically recoverable natural gas from all sources” (Deutch, 2011). Approximately six hundred to seven hundred cubic feet lies

Natural gas is a major source of energy in the world. It is used mainly for electricity generation, heating and cooking (Kidnay, 2011, p. 5). It is also used as a vehicle fuel and as a chemical feedstock in the manufacture of plastics and other commercially important organic chemicals. Its importance is especially high in Qatar. Natural gas is a major feedstock for the production of ammonia, via the Haber process, for use in fertilizer production. It is also used in the manufacture of fabrics, glass, steel, plastics, paint, and other products. Natural gas dispensed from a simple stove-top can generate temperatures in excess of 2000°F (1093°C) making it a powerful domestic cooking and heating fuel. In much of the developed world, it is supplied through pipes to homes, where it is used for many purposes including ranges, ovens, gas-heated clothes dryers, heating/cooling, and central heating. Heaters in homes and other buildings may include boilers, furnaces, and water heaters. Compressed natural gas (CNG) is used in rural homes without connections to piped-in public utility services, or with portable cylinders. Natural gas is also supplied by independent natural gas suppliers through Natural Gas Choice programs in the

Another highlighted issue in literature is greenhouse emissions caused by natural gas burning. Natural gas is mostly used energy type in greenhouse industry . Greenhouse gas emissions included approximately 465,000 metric tons of CO2, 9 metric tons of CH4 and 7 metric tons of N2O in 2006 worldwide (BD, 2010). Negative impact of natural gas to environment also another need to develop new energy saving technologies and secure new renewable energy sources that can substitute for fossil fuels are very urgent. According to Choi (2008) energy recovery from wastes is being internationally recognized as a reliable method to reduce greenhouse gases which have negative influence to climate.

According to BP Energy Outlook, by 2035 overall energy production in Asia pacific will increase by 52% while energy consumption increase by 60% which cause net energy import rise by 88%. With the escalating environmental issue and slow development of renewable energy, development of gas fields in the region is important. However, this will be challenging as many of the fields in the region are associated with high content of CO2 (15% - 80%). The FIGURE shows the location of the fields (Burgers, et al. 2011). Among them, there are East Natuna Field (40 TCF methane; 71% CO2), K5 Field (13.2 TCF; 70% CO2), and Kuala Langsa (10 TCF; 80% CO2). At present time, development of those fields becomes the priority of Indonesia’s and Malaysia’s governments to meet the forthcoming increase of domestic gas demand (FIGURE) and maintain their export to the regional market especially China, Japan, and South Korea. FIGURE shows the projection of regional gas demand and FIGURE shows LNG export destination from both countries.

There are an abundance of sources of energy and fuels in our country and natural gas is one of them. The attribute of natural gas that separates it from the other fuels and makes it distinct is that even though it is a non-renewable source of energy it is found in abundance and can last for centuries and its usage results in much lesser pollution compared to other fuels. In India there is huge potential for natural gas and most of this potential is yet to be exploited. In context of rapidly dwindling quantities of fossil fuels natural gas began to gain prominence as sooner or later everyone has to turn to natural gas after these other fossil fuels get completely exhausted.