Natural Hazards: A Report on Avalanche Activities

Despite decades of research and the use of modern technology, scientists are still not able to detect in time an imminent earthquake. Even though seismologists mostly know where the faults are and are able to closely monitor the rate of activity on them ranging from a scale of a year to a decade and even a century, a solid short-term day to month forecasting in order to identify the places at risk, still is an insoluble problem. Although this may be true, some scientists in diverse fields choose to follow a different and a rather controversial approach on the subject by studying the unusual animal

Outline the geographical processes relevant to the management of the Cronulla, Wanda and Kurnell area.

Another effective technique the author uses is referencing examples of inherent dangers in regard to avalanches. The author references three cases in which avalanches occurred on ski areas to show how avalanches themselves are unpreventable from occurring. This helps benefit the argument since it emphasizes the reality of ski patrollers being helpless when avalanches occur and therefore something that is unavoidable.

A ‘hazard’ can be defined as a geophysical process operating within the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere or biosphere which could potentially lead to the loss of human life or property. However, an earthquake only becomes hazardous and therefore needs management if it occurs within close proximity to a vulnerable population. To some extent, any human settlement around the world situated close to or on top of an area of seismic activity is vulnerable. However, not all nations suffer equal devastation.

In a thousand spots the traces of the winter avalanche may be perceived, where trees lie broken and strewed on the ground; some entirely destroyed, others bent, leaning upon the rocks of the mountain or transversely upon other trees. The path, as you ascend higher, is intersected by ravines of the

Further, analyze and understand the adequacy of the measures taken to adapt future climate change induced hazard risks. I have developed my capacity by doing the Masters’ Degrees in Disaster Management and Emergency Management with a research work.

Coober Pedy is like a desert town. Coober Pedy has very few residents. Most of the residents live below ground in houses called “Dugouts”. Most of the people live below ground, because of the high daytime temperatures. Coober Pedy wouldn't be affected by a landslide, because a landslide is a sliding down of a mass of earth or rock from a mountain or cliff. It wouldn’t be affected because, Coober Pedy is a desert town, and there aren’t any major mountains around. Coober Pedy, wouldn’t be affected by an avalanche. It wouldn’t be affected because an avalanche is a mass of snow, ice, or rocks falling down a mountain side. Coober Pedy wouldn't be affected by an avalanche because there is no snow, and there are very high temperatures. Coober Pedy

Snow Crash by Neal Stephenson takes place in a not-so-distant future, but the technology is much more advanced than modern technology. Virtual reality has taken the world by storm in what’s called the Metaverse, a place where computer users, which is only about 10% of the world at this point, can be anything they want. Users of the Metaverse can pick an avatar to be and then walk all around the Metaverse, interacting with other users that are standing in a room halfway across the world. Stephenson’s descriptions of this innovative world are built upon science that is extremely advanced but still credible. Stephenson illustrates realistic, common technological structures that are still more futuristic than modern technology to draw the reader into the Metaverse and world of Snow Crash.

The Oso landslide in Seattle, Washington took 43 lives in 2014. (Metcalfe, 2015) New technology is used to determine the areas that a potential landslide could occur. A landslide is a shift of land down a slope. Using geographic information systems to determine the probability of landslides can save lives. North America experiences relatively less landslides than countries in South America and Asia. Steep slopes, excessive rainfall, unstable soil, and seasonal dry periods are the main reasons that South America and Asia experience a greater number of landslides than North America. (Shahabi, 2015) In North America, Seattle experiences the most landslides with over 100 since 2007. (Metcalfe, 2015) Seattle experiences large amounts of rainfall and is prone to steamrolling walls of muddy debris. (Metcalfe, 2015) Geographic information systems(GIS) allows us to visualize and interpret data to determine if a pattern is forming. GIS is used to compare different alternativities to help support a decision. (DeMeritt, 2013) GIS maps are formed to help show possible landslide areas. (DeMeritt, 2013) The maps are formed by using remote sensing, satellite images, and aerial views. (Shahabi, 2015) The caution areas are usually on large slopes, the edges of cliffs, or areas with little to no vegetation. Individuals can take necessary precautions when warned about a possible landslide. The goal is to save lives and prevent injuries. When a large storm is noticed, the areas prone

Discuss the view that the impact of earthquake hazards depends primarily on human factors (40)

The extension, influenced populace, and term of "China 's Blizzard" in 2008 strongly affected China 's national economy and prompted a large group of issues, in this manner uncovering numerous deficiencies in China 's emergency response system. "China 's Blizzard" was the main significant emergency that happened in China after the requirement of the "Emergency Response Law" (Hayes, R. E., 2005). Subsequently, it can be seen as a chance to watch the usage of the unified response system received by China. Likewise, the "Tropical storm Morakot" that struck Taiwan in 2009 was one of Taiwan 's biggest natural disasters lately. It influenced almost 50% of Taiwan, and the measures of labor and alleviation resources information were phenomenal. Confronted with the risk, the Taiwanese government responds to disasters as per the law, - the Disaster Prevention and Response Act and has embraced a decentralized crisis management to react to disasters. Be that as it may, full reliance on the decentralized response system has additionally prompted issues. At the point when confronted with real disasters, the response systems embraced could bring about the diverse sorts of activities and yields also. Perception of the crisis responses in these two spots demonstrated that similitudes exist with respect to the sizes of impacted regions, misfortunes of properties and lives, distribution of resources, and developments of military operations (Allard, K., 1996). Moreover, these

Thesis statement: In the speech, I will continue to improve the earthquake’s knowledge of my audience by analyzing cases; introduce the significant idea of earthquake prediction; deeply develop rescue methods.

The avalanche was believed initiated from the mountain of Grieskogle, which is 1170-metre higher above the village of Galtür at around 4pm. It penetrated the boundary of the village and came to peace in just a few minutes. The whole event lasted less than 3 minuets, resulting the death of 31 people including tourists and local residents, and destructed half of the village. It was believed that 11 houses were completely buried in the avalanched; 17 further houses were partially destroyed or damaged. The speed of the snow powder in the upper layer reached top

Due to diverse geo-climatic conditions prevalent in different parts of the globe, different types of natural disasters like floods, droughts, earthquakes, cyclones, landslides, and volcanoes etc may strike according to the vulnerability of the area.

Disaster, both natural and man-made, are increasing in their frequency and catastrophic impact in Indonesia. Natural hazards like landslides, avalanches, floods and debris flows can result in enormous property damage and human casualties in mountainous regions (Matternicht, 2005). Earthquake, flood, landslide, subsidence are only a few to mention (Walter et al., 2008; Abidin et al., 2009, Chini et al., 2008; US. Geology Survey, 2006; Tsuji et al., 2009). The term ‘natural disaster’ has been brought as a common vocabulary to our daily life as news bringing information on natural disaster is occurring in any parts of our planet recently. Planet Earth provides us with the air, food, warmth, and materials we need to thrive. But Earth can also generate catastrophic disasters, from tsunamis and landslides to tornadoes and wildfires, that kill people, damage the environment, destroy property, and disrupt normal life. Such disasters may be sudden and violent, like an earthquake or flood, or gradual, like drought or the spread of a deadly disease. Due to the lack or inadequate disaster prevention and mitigation strategies in Indonesia, the impact of disasters which they do occur is much greater than in other developed countries. Disaster detection and monitoring are essential aspect in disaster mitigation and it’s conventionally done by ground survey. Nowadays, remote sensing plays important role in disaster mitigation.