Essay about Naturalism in The House of Mirth

The first aspect to which I wish to raise focus on is of how Edith Wharton was raised. She was the youngest child sixteen years apart from her oldest brother, very well educated by a governs, capable of speaking French, Italian, and German, and most importantly she was filled with indifference towards her upper

John Steinbeck 's novel Of Mice and Men is a famous Naturalist work in American literature. Various elements of Naturalism is exhibited in this novel through its character types and story plot. Charles Darwin, an English Naturalist proposed a theory called natural selection, meaning that nature selects the best adapted varieties to survive and reproduce. Darwin also identified this theory as survival of the fittest. Steinbeck incorporated this belief of natural selection in many instances throughout Of Mice and Men using characters and their circumstances. One character named Candy has an injury and is old in age. They were leading factors in his fear of being unemployed. His dog’s old age and uselessness also resulted in its death.

Another theme that shows human nature is dark and light. One of human natures greatest characteristics is good and evil, which can also be seen as light and darkness. Charles Dickens put light verses darkness in the two main female characters to explain what our life’s upbringing leads to our human nature personalities. In the chapter

By noting the subtitles of human conditions under the stress of strict societal control, Edith Wharton created literature that is true to the society she portrayed. Mrs. Slade and Mrs. Ansley probably would have liked to cause each other bodily harm, yet their society ruled that such behavior would not be tolerated. Therefore, they buried their feelings and expressed them only in subtle movements and off the cuff remarks, bits and pieces of communication that most people would overlook. However, Wharton realized that these fragments composed the only true communication and therefore composed the real story of Mrs. Slade and Mrs. Ansley.

Born in 1862, Edith Wharton Newbold Jones was brought up within the graceful, wealthy yet conservative, confining circle of New York society, which fostered sexual repression and prided itself on the innocence of its young girls. Edith Wharton herself was discouraged from expressing her emotions or developing her intellect which was supposed to be very unbecoming traits in a woman. This is the reason why she stressed in her fiction the need of growth, and has shown how painful and frustrating this process can be for a woman. This process of growth and development is revealed in her major works, Ethan Frome (1911), and Summer (1917) (Balakrishnan 1).

One’s individuality and freedom are questioned when it does not conform to society’s ideals. This is often demonstrated in real life, as well as in popular literary pieces.

In Edith Wharton’s novel, Ethan Frome, one major critical theory revolves around the psychological criticism. The novel revolves around this critical theory because Wharton wanted the reader to observe how the setting becomes dependent on the emotional state of the character and vice versa. Throughout the novel, Wharton makes changes to the environment to represent Ethan’s fondness for certain characters. On the contrary, Wharton displays how the setting directly influences Ethan’s mental state. As the reader perceives this influence that each character has on Ethan Frome, they can develop an understanding of the relationships established in the novel. This critical theory will be expressed throughout the literary analysis paper, specifically in the Novel Summary section and Literary Criticism sections. The following text will analyze the drastic changes in the environment and compare it to Ethan’s mental state.

It mentions asocial and social nature, and writes about instead of being them morally and experientially opposite, and that instead they are two overlapping versions of experience that similarly allow for great appreciation of society and nature.

     Edith Wharton's The House of Mirth is an affront to the false social values of fashionable New York society.  The heroine is Lily Bart, a woman who is destroyed by the very society that produces her.  Lily is well-born but poor.  The story traces the decline of Lily as she moves through a series of living residences, from houses to hotel lodgings.  Lily lives in a New York society where appearances are all.  Women have a decorative function in such an environment, and even her name, Lily, suggests she is a flower of femininity, i.e. an object of decoration as well as of desirability to the male element.  We see this is very true once Lily's bloom fades, as it were, a time when she

Edith Wharton heightens stereotypical emotions of women as seen by the happiness and disappointment in “April Showers”. After Theodora, the teen writer, receives her acceptance from letter from The Home Circle Wharton writes, “In her own heart hundreds of germinating hopes had burst into sudden leaf” (Wharton 543). The ambitious journalist is filled with joy and excitement.

The Naturalist work, “To Build a Fire” by Jack London excels in the Naturalist idea of determinism. This means that what could happen, most likely will happen. Through the character’s treacherous journey in the snow and frigid temperatures we can see two pieces of masculinity exemplified by our author, the fighter’s mentality, and stubbornness. The masculine fighter’s mentality and will to never give up shows men’s perseverance through a Naturalistic view. One of these views was that behavior was determined by your environment (Darwin). This environment that are character was in was critical which lead to the man having a careful outlook but still end up

     One of the tragedies in The House of Mirth by Edith Wharton is that Lily Bart is unable to marry Laurence Selden and thereby secure a safe position in society. Their relationship fluctuates from casual intimacy to outright love depending on how and where Selden perceives Lily. Selden sees a beautious quality in Lily Bart that is not present in any of the other women in the novel. This mysterious beauty that is so often alluded to, in addition to her attraction for the other men, is best understood when Lily is conceived of as the goddess Diana. As Diana, Lily Bart hunts for the perfect husband but cannot marry, remains separate from the "dinginess" of society, and finally is

Indeed, Lily finds herself distinctly above Gerty in the social ladder. As she mulls about her “hateful fate,” she distinguishes herself from Gerty, posing the question “What choice had she? To be herself, or a Gerty Farish” (Wharton 19). Within this clear social food chain, Lawrence Selden, almost exclusively, has the ability to traverse the tiers on his own accord as he “had preserved a certain social detachment, a happy air of viewing the show objectively, of having points of contact outside the great gilt cage” (Wharton 41). He is unique in his abilities to maintain his position in the chain and elevate himself when he so chooses, which Lily often envies. However, Lily also wishes to ascend permanently on the social hierarchy because “her whole being dilated in an atmosphere of luxury; it was the background she required, the only climate she could breathe in” (Wharton 19). Truly, as shown later in the novel, once Lily falls from her natural system, she fails to adapt and survive. Lily’s society, of which she is a product, acts as a harsh environment that Lily must navigate, as a character does in a naturalistic novel.

He himself had declared it to be a ‘romantic’ genre along with gothic interests and it being a carrier of Puritan History of England. For the obvious reasons this novel deals with issues concerning the times of mid-1850 wherein Hawthorne has juxtaposed “poverty and riches”, “aristocracy and democracy”, “youth with age”, “greed with unselfishness”, “complex with simple”, “appearance with reality”, “pride with humbleness”, “the isolated with un-isolated” (Dillingham, 59) all these parallels are supported by detailed characterizations of almost all main characters in the text. Hawthorne has provisioned and facilitated his characters with an independent backbone with which they support his themes and carry them on their own shoulders. The text in its romantic narrative fashion has been well-crafted to involve various themes which Nathaniel Hawthorne wished to include in this 1851 published Gothic work. It will not be incorrect to put forth the view that Hawthorne’s The House of Seven Gables is a representative of the era and society of that time. He has accurately projected the concerned subjects of that time and how they used to affect the humans of that period. The juxtapositions too are echoes of the society and mirror the basics of whatever contrived into being the fundamentals of that society. Therefore, the themes of this text are majorly colored by the real world of that period and the

    Writers involved in the naturalist movement believed that actors' lines should be spoken naturally, and that mechanical movements, vocal effects, and irrational gestures should be banished. A return to reality was proposed, with the old theatrical attitudes replaced with effects produced solely by the voice. There was a call to individualise characters, instead of generalising them, to produce characters whose minds and bodies would function as they would in real life. Strindberg's 'Miss Julie' has been said to be an excellent example of this movement, as it involves stress on multiple motivation of action; a departure from the stereotypical depictions of character; and random, illogical