Nature Inspired Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Essay

In my implementation of fuzzy genetic algorithm ii followed the steps of genetic algorithm so I started with reading the data of KDDCup99 and creating a population, this population was composed of number of individuals which are the records in the KDDCup99 which means that each individual has an array of genes to hold the features of audit records. This was accomplished by first encoding audit record data into binary because some feature such as protocol type has value "TCP". Once i finished creating my initial population I evaluated every individual in the population to calculate its fitness using function below

Many people are familiar with the words natural selection, an idea that was popularized by Darwin in the 19th century; to simply define it, natural selection is nature’s editing mechanism that results in the favoring of some individuals over others when exposed to certain environmental factors. Artificial selection parallels the process of natural selection but with an added twist: the involvement of human beings. Artificial selection is “a process in which humans consciously select for or against particular features in organisms” allowing “only organisms with the desired feature to reproduce or may provide more resources to the organisms with the desired feature” (Artificial Selection, n.d.).

the algorithm comparison between fitness fifth function of De Jong and the number of populations

Biology plays a part in every single aspect of what is going on in the world, both on land and in the water. Natural selection is a huge deal in biology and is the process where organisms better adapt to their environment to better survive and reproduce. Evolution by natural selection has been going on forever now and it is impressive just to what extent a species is capable of evolving. An article that greatly explains how amazing the ability to adapt is called, “Against the Tide: A Fish Adapts Quickly to Lethal Levels of Pollution.”

Nature in the dictionary of Cambridge is the animals, plants, rocks, etc. in the world and all the features, forces, and processes that happen or exist independently of people, such as the weather, the sea, mountains, the production of young animals or plants, and growth. Many poets and philosophers have discussed the essence of nature. Both Mary Oliver and Walt Whitman emphasize this essence; for Mary explains why everything in nature has a soul and Walt explains why animals have a better life than we do.

Evolution by artificial selection and natural selection have in common that they both favor certain traits over others. Moreover, they select on traits that are heritable, but they differ in the way traits are selected. Natural selection favors multiple ways to improve an individual’s fitness while in artificial selection, humans decide which traits they want to have in the next generation, which actually reduce the individual’s fitness.

As I read the article “ 8 amazing examples of Biomimicry and Biomimicry: 7 Clever Technologies Inspired by Nature, (new article“ by Shea Gunther and Tanya Lewis. I learned that many inventions have been inspired by nature. Animals are amazing creatures with many odd features and adaptations. For example, geckos are able to walk upside down. Spiders spin silk that is “used to make bulletproof vests,” and honeybees are able to “sniff out explosives.”. Animals have inspired inventors to create useful tools for centuries and are continuing to be a source of inspiration today.Sharks,butterflies, and termites are three more animals that have inspired very useful inventions people use today.

Nature seems to be random in the way that there is no structure, no code of conduct, no virtual organization, but as much as it may seem that way, in the 1800’s naturalist and geologist Charles Darwin discovered there is much more happening in nature, which presented a new theory to the worlds view. Darwin’s research shows that species will go through great change for the survival of their kind.

Natural selection, a process that is believed to be the foundation of evolution, is based on five major principles according to Charles Darwin. The first principle states that in any population in nature more individuals are born than can survive. Thomas Malthus, an influential figure for Darwin, had studied population growth and discovered growth through doubling with which justifies this principle. The second principle claims that in any population in nature all individuals will exhibit physical variation. The third principle is that individuals with the best-suited traits depending on the environment will survive. The fourth principle is made up of two facts; one being that the individuals with the best-suited traits survive in greater numbers

Ever wonder why some organism are different from others or even their own species by their colored, skin tone,shapes patterns etc. well natural selection explains most of if it.Which starts with theory of evolution and adaptation. Adaptation is also big role of natural selection it helps with survival and reproduction.

Cybernetics theory The variety of a system is the total range of its outputs, its total range of behavior. All organic systems in nature are probalistic: they exhibit variety, and an organs flexibility (its adaptability is a function of the amount of variety that it can generate. Evolutionary adaptation is a result of the interaction of this probalistic process with the demands of the environment. This notion influenced a lot Brian

In evolutionary biology mathematics is crucial in order to predict the future using equations and formulas.“Evolutionary biology need mathematics for its progress (Maynard Smith, 1982)”. John Maynard Smith was one of the pioneer scientists that introduced mathematical approach to solve evolutionary problems, using the evolutionary game theoretical. EGT uses frequency of the behavioral phenotypes expressed to predict fitness in the population. Fitness payoff of phenotypes depend on frequency of certain trait, if there is equal fitness then there is evolutionary stability in the population. Evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) is a key to study a phenotype in a population because it cannot mutant during natural selection. The most common game used

Many different species have had to adapt to the most adverse conditions of nature, whose solutions have been the product of biological evolution. Today our civilization faces many problems that need sustainable solutions, as science shows us, they can be inspired by the wisdom of nature. So, instead of racking our brains thinking about creative ways to solve them, we should find solutions in understanding how nature has solved those same problems along the years (PMC).

Study of nature encompasses the study of living bodies which respire, grow, consume energy and evolve. This study explains us how everything is structured to be hierarchical, adaptive and synchronized in space and time. For instance, plants and trees perform photosynthesis for their survival while bees search for nectar as their intake and the pattern of sun rise and sun set is in a specific way. A biologically inspired system explains a strong relationship between biology and computer system.

The most popular technique in evolutionary computation research has been the genetic algorithm. In the traditional genetic algorithm, the representation used is a fixed-length bit string. Each position in the string is assumed to represent a particular feature of an individual, and the value stored in that position represents how that feature is expressed in the solution. Usually, the string is “evaluated as a collection of structural features of a solution that have little or no interactions”. The analogy may be drawn directly to genes in biological organisms. Each gene represents an entity that is structurally independent of other genes. The main reproduction operator used is bit-string crossover, in which two strings are used as parents and new individuals are formed by swapping a