Negative And Negative Effects Of Pollination

In “Why Bees Are Disappearing,” Marla Spivak, an American entomologist, sheds light on the importance of bees in the pollination process as well as the decline in bee population. Spivak claims that “bees are the most important pollinators” because over one third of crop production across the world depends on bee pollination. However, bee populations have decreased since the end of World War II due to “multiple, interacting causes of death.” These causes are monocultures, pesticides, diseases, and flowerless landscapes, and they all pose a threat to plant diversity and food production. In order to prevent significant consequences and reverse impacts already made, Spivak encourages the audience to plant bee-friendly flowers without pesticide contamination so that bees, and therefore people, have access to better nutrition.

Many plants rely heavily on bees as their main pollinator to reproduce. The main fear is that even though many flowers also rely on mammals and other insects to assist in the pollination process, bees are the biggest and most vital source of this life cycle. As the bees disappear the reproduction process of many plants does not happen as efficiently thus less plants are produced, this

Furthermore bees specifically are particularly efficient with it being estimated that they are the sole pollinators for 50% of the approximate 80% of flowering plants which rely on insects for pollination (Bradbear, 2009). Their efficiency is further illustrated by the fact that a single colony containing 25,000 forager bees is able to pollinate 250 million flowers per day (Bradbear, 2009). As a result of this it can be seen that bees are hugely important as pollinators with many species of flower being completely dependent on them. Furthermore, the importance of bees extends beyond ecological diversity; certain types of bees are hugely important economically. In addition to pollinating a large variety of fruit and vegetables, bees produce Honey; together this results in them having an estimated value of service of £200m a year in the UK (National Audit Office (NAO), 2009). Overall it can be seen that bees are of significant importance that any decrease in population should be treated with concern, as a result of this a large quantity of research has been conducted into identifying possible

Since the late 1990s, beekeepers around the world have observed the mysterious and sudden disappearance of bees, and report unusually high rates of decline in honeybee colonies. Bees do more than just make honey! Bee transfer pollen and seeds from one flower to another, fertilizing the plant so it can grow and produce food. Cross-pollination helps at least 30 percent of the world's crops and 90% affects our food. The sweet fruits humans eat such as, strawberries, mangoes, grapes, apples, and bananas would not be the same taste wise as they are now. We simply couldn’t live in the same world if it weren’t for the bees.

In this chapter the author stresses the importance of creatures that pollinate such as insects, birds,

Pollination is essentially plant reproduction - without help from animal pollinators, our everyday food supply would look much different

Bees pollinating crops produce every third mouthful of food we eat. Bees contribute to thirty- five Percent of global food production, 87 of the leading 115 food crops are dependent on animal pollinators, including bees. (The United States White House, 2014). Without bees pollinating plants, there would not be very many fruits or vegetables to eat, Bees transfer pollen between the male and female parts, allowing plants to grow seeds and fruit. In the last decade scientist and beekeepers have observed remarkable decline of bees, in the US alone 30% of the national bee population has disappeared and nearly a third of all bee colonies in the U.S. have

These species include bees, such as the western honey bee, along with flies, beetles, moths, and butterflies. Pollination, as far as honey bees are concerned, is a process where honey bees legs get coated in pollen which they transfer from flower to flower to fertilize the plant. Plants rely on pollinators to grow and produce offspring. Without pollination, many plants would die off and would not be around the next growing season. Pollination is the sole reason the U.S. has as many fruits, vegetables, and nuts that it does. The western honey bee is one of the many important pollinators that have become a huge part of North American agriculture, but they might not be necessary.

135 million years ago, vegetation relied on the wind to carry out pollen in the remote hopes that a meager portion would settle on a female flower (Goulson). An inefficient and hasty system, it has been grown out of, as the phenomenon of evolution produced an improved response in the form of the bee, a humble, hard-working insect. For a creature most humans prefer to avoid, the bee plays a crucial role in the way society functions and survives. Pollination, a valuable service, is jeopardized at the hands of humans. This is a case seen in the correlation between the use of pesticides, applying destructive methods of industrial agriculture, and climate change. As the biologist E.O. Wilson once observed, “If all mankind were to disappear, the world would regenerate back to the rich state of equilibrium that existed ten thousand years ago. If insects were to vanish, the environment would collapse into chaos”

Neonicotinoid pesticides are a group of chemicals widely used on farm crops, plants, and trees (1). The concern behind these pesticides is the harmful impact on pollinating insects such as honey bees and bumble bees (1). Neonicotinoids are sprayed onto the plant where they are absorbed by the plant and are transported to all parts of the plant including the pollen (see figure 1) (1). Bees then ingest the pesticide via the pollen; specifically, this is the point where the central nervous system of the bees becomes compromised. A large number of deaths in bees is being used as an argument against the use of neonicotinoids (1).

What I found most interesting about the article was how different the Montsechia vidalii is from the flowers we know today. Although the plant does bear resemblance to some plants today, many aspects of the plant have evolved overtime. For example, the plants had genders, and did not have petals. This is sets it apart from today’s plants, and also shows how 130 million years of evolution can both do a great amount, but at the same time a small amount. Although the changes are somewhat large, such as the removal of, they are tiny in comparison to other evolutionary changes, which could have taken even longer.

Opossums may be one of the most overlooked marsupials among the human race, but bees are one of the most stigma-surrounded insects. Bees pollinate plants; this statement sounds simple but holds the key to nearly every ecosystem and lifestyle there is. It is estimated by the USDA that bees pollinate over one-sixth of the United States’ flowering plants and over 400 species of agricultural plants (New Agriculturist 1). Flowering plants are essential to the oxygen cycle: from simple lavender to the North American Tupelo Tree (Hadley 1).The proper and healthy pollination of plants like these would be absolutely impossible with honeybees and bumblebees, they are simply attracted to their unique pollens, as a means of energy, and spread them wherever

This genus of the Apidae family carries out an important work of pollinating a large variety of plants, providing a great deal of food to man and other animals. Their function as a pollinator is also fundamental in the agricultural sector so that many farmers require beekeepers to place beehives during the flowering period, for example in Italy for almonds in the Sicily region and apples in the Trentino Alto Adige region.

Bees aren 't the only insect pollinators in the world, but they are by far the most widespread ones. Despite this, non-bee insect pollinators have a contributing factor to the success of pollination that the bees themselves don 't. There have been studies on the success of the pollination and 'seeding ' of flowers and plants. Bees have a fairly average success rate, focusing more on spreading the pollination farther afield than the success of the 'seeding '. Non-bee insects tend to stay in a small ranged area that allows them to visit the same flowers more often, thus increasing the success of their visits.

Importance of flowers agriculture. Produce plants by layering. Budding/Grafting. Improving varieties of crops. Improving breeds of Livestock Genetic Engineering Cloning.