Negative Effects Of Juvenile Delinquency

Juvenile delinquency is an ever growing issue in the United States, according to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, “In 2012, there were 3,941 arrests for every 100,000 youths ages 10 through 17 in the United States” (OJJDP, 2014). The way juveniles are treated in the criminal justice system is very different than the way adults are. In 1899, in Cook County, Illinois, the first juvenile justice system in the country was founded. This established an alternative way of dealing with offenders whom are inherently different, in the way they think and commit crimes, than those of adult age. There are a few distinct differences between the juvenile and adult criminal system, but the biggest difference is the

The target population is African American adolescent fathers. Young African American fathers are face with many adversities. Culturally biased stereotypes, violence within the home and community, scarce economic resources and support, perceived biased by social workers, along with joblessness are some of the adversities experienced by this population (Hall, 2015, Icard, 2014,). One concern of African American adolescent fathers who are low income is the level of their involvement with their children. In addition to poverty, many of these fathers are challenge developmentally and socially. Developmentally, adolescence is a stage that is typically emotionally, social and physically challenging (Erikson ?). Socially the effects of racism disadvantage

“The so-called traditional family, with a male breadwinner and a female who cares for the home, is a thing of the past” (Siegel, Welsh, & Senna, 2003, p. 194). This particular type of family structure can no longer be considered normal. Sex role changes have created a family in which the mother now plays a greater role in society and the economic process. The number of households that have children living with both parents has substantially declined. “Early social science researchers asserted that the “broken home” was the single most important factor in understanding delinquency” (Burfeind & Bartusch, 2011, p. 185). Less than half of the children born today will live continuously with their mother and father throughout their childhood. A disturbed home environment is believed to have a significant impact on delinquency. Family is the contributing unit towards children’s values and attitudes that mark the paths throughout their lives.

"Children of divorced parents are up to six times more likely to be delinquent than children from intact families” (Curt Alfrey) this statistic shows that delinquency is seen in single-parent homes more than in homes with two parents. Children need guidance from their parents to instill values such as not to use violence when they are frustrated and to the choose the right friends to avoid landing themselves into a gang or other bad situations. This quote from a criminal defense attorney, “Children in intact families tend to receive more supervision and are thus less likely to get into trouble, Alfrey asserts. Moreover, he claims, economic situations sometimes force single-parent families into higher-crime neighborhoods, where school officials and law enforcement may more readily treat the children as delinquents” (Curt Alfrey) demonstrates from someone who has seen first hand the effects of single-parents, can lead to violence in children. Children are often around more crime when they are living in a single-parent household because they have less of an income and are forced into worse neighborhoods. Additionally, this can lead to children picking up on these violent behaviors and can also lead to getting involved with gangs. All of these behaviors are bad for the children and can lead them down the wrong path in life instead of being on the path to success.

The strongest link between parenting and delinquency is the lack of support in the form of neglect, hostility, psychological control and rejection of the child or a combination of these parenting behaviors (Merrin, Hong & Espelage, 2015). The lack of parental involvement leaves children with feelings of worthlessness, confusion and it diminishes their drive to succeed. Chung & Steinberg (2006) note that adolescents who experienced low emotional support and inconsistent discipline from their parents, compared with youths from families characterized by warm interpersonal relationships and consistent discipline, reported having more deviant friends and being involved with more violent and nonviolent delinquent

In 2007, there were 60,500 youth incarcerated in America. Those numbers made America number one, with the highest incarcerated youth in the world, by five times the amount of the next country! (Mendell, page 1) Media creates a generalized focus on negative behavior, while we need to be encouraging youth’s positive behavior. We have to remember criminals start off as eager children that are ready to learn. They need to be taught positive behaviors. As we look into the court systems we see: so many judges trying to reach justice; we see so many police officers arresting citizens on the streets; and of course, we have the prosecuting attorneys cleaning up the streets, sending criminals to jail. We love the justice system keeping us safe, right? I am going to argue in this paper, first, how negatively effective the legal system is with their punishing methods. Second, I am going to argue that it starts with teaching children positive behaviors. This first starts out with rehabilitation before punishment. Finally, third, I will argue what we need to do to help this major problem. Constantly incarcerating and punishing juvenile offenders is counterproductive.

I am taking Criminology class this semester. Therefore I have to write a paper. The topic is relating to the criminal justice system and the impact of juvenile delinquents joining youth gangs in Australia. I would like both perspectives, the Australian First Nations and Non-First Nations to compare and contrast. I have used google for articles I was able to find a few criminology articles. The articles have to be criminology peer reviewed articles.

It is not uncommon for a child in today’s society to be raised in a single-parent household Compared to peers in intact families, adolescents in single-parent families and stepfamilies seem more likely to engage in delinquency as I research. This relationship appears to be operating through differences in family processes parental involvement, supervision, monitoring, and parent child closeness—between intact and non-intact families and peers living in traditional intact families (two married-biological parents), youths living in two-biological-parent blended families, two biological- parent cohabiting families, biological mother- stepfather families, biological-mother cohabiting partner families, biological-mother only families, biological father-cohabiting partner families, biological-father-only families, grandparent only families, and foster families engaged, on average, in higher levels of antisocial behavior.

Juveniles have been largely categorized according to their ethnicity, which forms an important facet in the criminal justice system. Rovner (2016) contextually revealed that the African Americans are four times more likely to be commit repeat crimes and be arrested as compared to the White juveniles (Rovner, 2016). The lifestyle, housing, income distribution and other aspects of the African American juvenile is relatively different from the other ethnicities, which might contribute to their propensity of committing criminal offences. At often instances, isolation from the other communities and high concentration of poverty directly force these juveniles towards educational failures, joblessness and inhibited morality. Notably, these issues can be linked with the behavioral aspect of those individuals in committing crimes, also in addition to the influences of the compounding effect of the cultural history that makes criminal conducts more prominent among the African American juveniles (National Academy of Sciences, 2017).

In the past, there have been many concerns surrounding the issue of juvenile incarceration. As per the history, there have been many cases where the effect of the incarnation of young people has been seen to have very many negative effects. Research that has been conducted in the past has identified the fact that incarceration has many negative effects than it was previously thought. Some of them include the effect it has on the mental health of the inmates as well as the little effect it has in rehabilitating the inmates (Barnert, Perry, & Morris, 2016). All this has led to people being more encouraged to look for alternatives of helping those involved to reform.

Juvenile offending is a concern in society today. Juveniles account for approximately 19% of the population but are responsible for 29% of criminal arrests (Cottle, Lee, & Heilbrun, 2001). Crime overall has been found to be decreasing throughout the last two decades. The issue is that the rate in which adult crime is decreasing is significantly greater than the rate in which juvenile crime is decreasing. Since the rate of juvenile crime is so high, juvenile delinquents are seen as predators and many believe they lack morals. The way in which media of today’s society constructs juvenile delinquency impacts the views of a community towards their youth and youth offenders. Media presents an inaccurate image of youth offenders as violent predators (Rhineberger-Dunn, 2013). This inaccurate image significantly promotes the myths that juvenile crime is rising, juveniles commit crimes that are primarily violent, and that juveniles are highly effected by recidivism and continue committing crimes into adulthood (Bohm, & Walker, 2013). It has already been stated though that crime rates have been decreasing over the last two decades so the first myth is refuted. The myth that juveniles primarily commit violent crimes is also very off. In most cases, juveniles are involved in property crimes and although there are some violent crime cases, they are very rare. When these rare violent crimes do occur, youth can be tried in adult court. The

Through an understanding of causes of juvenile delinquency society may come to deal preventively with delinquency; certainly treatment of the offender needs to be based upon an understanding of the causal mechanisms that have produced him. In this paper we'll describe three theories of juvenile delinquency such as Social Learning Theory, General Strain Theory and Behavioral Theory and discuss appropriate preventive programs based upon these theories.

This assignment will illustrate that by understanding the fundamentals of combatting juvenile delinquency and applying the theories to command practice will enhance the overall knowledge of the material. This document will demonstrate the juvenile delinquency reduction efforts and programs currently in operation in the Tampa area community. In addition, I will propose ways to improve the Tampa area community’s juvenile delinquency prevention efforts. Next, this paper will attempt to apply the main sociological theories that underlie these interventions that shape the community’s public policy for delinquency prevention. Finally, this paper will identify an appropriate strategy geared toward preventing delinquency that in consistent with the Behavioral theory.

This literature review explores existing literature and scholarship that outlines the effects of early child abuse (2-8 years old) on future acts of delinquency. Literature suggests that a correlation exists between the effects of child abuse and delinquency. Common problematic behaviors are socialization changes and learning abilities from early childhood to adolescence. Studies indicated correlations along with social theories such as the Social Control Theory which is dominant in explaining the relevance of these correlations. Researchers have developed programs such as early

First, at the individual level, youth whose parents are single or divorced commit more crime. Second, single-parent and divorced families are more vulnerable and less likely to participate in community organizations, thus reducing the community's control capacity. Third, these families are also less able to monitor activities in the neighborhood and supervise local youth (Sampson and Groves, 1989; Veysey and Messner, 1999)”( Wong, S. K. (2017). The effects of single-mother and single-father families on youth crime: Examining five gender-related hypotheses. International Journal Of Law, Crime & Justice, 5046-60. doi:10.1016/j.ijlcj.2017.04.001). Single parent families increase the number of youth crime. Every mother and child had a strong bond by the birth of the baby compares with the bond of father. Single mother applies more influence of social control on their children’s then single fathers. Mothers has more effective role in her daughter’s life and father have a more effective role in his son’s life. The girls who lives with their mother and the boys who lives with their father commit less crimes. “A number of studies found support for the same-sex hypothesis. Based on a study of over 600 adolescents and parents, Thomas et al. (1996) found that White male adolescents living with the single mother without nonresident father involvement had the highest levels of delinquency, drinking and illicit drug use” (Wong, S. K. (2017). The effects of single-mother and