Neil Smith’s Argument of Gentrification

In “New Axioms for Reading the Landscape: Paying Attention to Political Economy and Social Justice,” Don Mitchell incorporates old ideas from Peirce F. Lewis’s original “Axioms for Reading the Landscape.” At the same time, Mitchell includes new ideas into his axioms. In Axiom 1, he explains that “the landscape is not produced through ‘our unwitting autobiography’ (as Lewis describes it), but as an act of (social, not individual) will” (2007, 34). He also stresses the idea that landscape should be produced as a commodity. In contrast, Neil Smith explains the main causes behind gentrification. Smith explains how gentrification happens through a process which he calls “rent gap” (1979, 545). In gentrification, the landscape is a commodity because it loses and gains monetary value through disinvestment and investment.

In the constantly changing economy of cities, the growth of city housing is oftentimes neglected. In “Cities Mobilize to Help Those Threatened by Gentrification” Timothy Williams recounts how gentrification has evolved over the years. Mentioning how cities have changed in order to appease the younger professionals, Williams shows how the city itself is in jeopardy due to the tax increases. Slowly loosing their faithful residents as well as historic culture cities face a big deal. Williams gives quotes from faithful residents, “…long time homeowners are victims of the success story”, (Williams 346). In “Cities Mobilize to Help Those Threatened by Gentrification”, Williams uses his credible quotes and modern statistics to generate the reader’s emotions, with desire to change how city officials go about gentrification in culturally infused cities.

Despite many Latino’s being entrepreneurs and owning manufacturing companies, construction firms, restaurants, and real estate. Latino communities still seem to be suffering because of the lack of wealth generation. Many Hispanics have called Humboldt Park home for many years but recently that has been changing over the years. Humboldt Park used to be a primarily Hispanic neighborhood and because of the lack of wealth generation along with other factors the neighborhood has been going through gentrification. Gentrification is the arrival of wealthier people in an existing urban district which results in an increase in rents and property values, and changes in the district's character and culture. The term is often used negatively, suggesting

Gentrification was something I was experiencing it first hand without noticing for years and when I did realizing it I believe that gentrification is considered a positive change from a concrete perspective and it may be very difficult and unacceptable for many local people to sacrifice the culture they have valued and built over many generations. In other words, gentrification is a “just” process and although there are sacrifices that comes along with the process to improve the city or a district, it will eventually happen over the course of time for economical and social benefits in a big picture. For example, the city of belmont has been recorded as one of the gentrified areas in the San Francisco Bay Area by Urban Displacement Map and

Urbanization is inevitable, whether we want it or not. Opposers are constantly bickering about the political and moral consequences of gentrification. This topic is indeed mind boggling and complex. However, there is a need to observe this multi-faceted phenomenon in a different angle. Change is the force of diversity, safety and

According to Sanneh, gentrification “at first referred to instances of new arrivals who were buying up (and building up) old housing stock, but then there was ‘new-build gentrification’. Especially in America, gentrification … white arrivals who were displacing non-white residents and taking over a ghetto” (Sanneh). As rent prices around the country continue to rise, more young people have been moving into historically, inner-city communities. Although this provides an affordable solution for incoming residents, it also leads to gentrification or the displacement of existing communities by wealthier

Many of our ancestors have arrived to this nation with aspirations of living a life of success. Indeed this is the land of the free and the home of the brave but according to gentrification, which is the removal of lower class citizens through property renewal, the increase in cost of living and demographic shifts, it feels as if we are living in the exact opposite. Gentrification indeed has had some advantages but overall it has led to the increase of the homeless population, the loss of culture, and other social issues. Although in this day of age, gentrification maybe impossible to prevent since capitalism is what move us, regulations should be enforced to diminish this demon.(Watt)

“The impacts of the gentrification movement can be tied to systemic racism both directly and indirectly, i.e. it targets certain racial neighborhoods deliberately, and it also targets them because minorities make up the majority of the working class. Further, the reality provides a clear argument against the “mutually beneficial” argument due to the fact that it is notably detrimental to specific groups of people.” This sentence pulled from Jonathan Frett’s online article “Gentrification: The truth behind Urban development, its systemic racism, and the resistance” Shows that often times the deeper meaning to Gentrification is often racism.

Inequality has been the country’s timeless struggle. Throughout the course of the United States’ history, there have been processes that have given a certain group of people the upper hand in a circumstance, thus fueling inequality in our nation. An ongoing process that negatively effects the lower-class and benefits the upper-class is called gentrification. Gentrification has been defined as “the replacement of the low-income, inner-city working-class residents by middle- or upper-class households, either through the market for existing housing or demolition to make way for new upscale housing construction” (Hammel and Wyly, 1996, p.250). Gentrification is deleterious because it “revitalizes” areas where low income residents reside in, thus causing the displacement and allows affluent residents to flood the given area whilst changing the entire environment from its original state. In my paper, I will be discussing how the process of gentrification begins and what it entails, define longtime residents, and describe the feelings of displacement felt by these residents.

Gentrification is the process of turning a working class neighborhood into a middle or upper class neighborhood by renovating old buildings then selling them to more affluent buyers. This has been pushing minorities, mainly African Americans, out of their homes and into less fortunate neighborhoods that they can afford. This happens all over the country but has been more common in the last 16 years, as cities population percentages grow the percentage of minorities seem to decrease. Housing in cities have dramatically increased for some reason other than there not being enough room for everyone moving into cities or are they trying to push certain people out such as african americans?

(Lehrer et al., 2009). It is strongly recommended therefore that gentrification be recognized by the City as both a socio-spatial process that is highly unsustainable and socially unjust. Furthermore, we need to establish an understanding not just as an unfortunate by-product of market-led or state-facilitated development in Toronto's inner city (and beyond), but as an integral part of Toronto's planning as well as policy

“Gentrification” captures class disparities and injustices created by capitalist urban land markets and policies. This in turn can cause an increasing house expense encumbrance for low-income and working-class households, and the associated personal catastrophes of displacement, removal, and homelessness, are symptoms of a set of institutional arrangements (private property rights and a free market) that support the creation of urban environments to serve the needs of capital accumulation at the expense of the social needs of home, community, family. Displacement from home and neighbourhood can be a shattering experience. At worst it leads to homelessness, at best it impairs a sense of community. Public policy should, by general agreement,

Viewing the complex matter of gentrification succinctly, it helps to uncover how multifaceted it is; in that gentrification involves the oppression, marginalization, displacement of vulnerable populations, particularly, the poor, and the black who are often already negatively impacted by the effects of classism, and racism. Gentrification threatens to erode the communities and livelihood maintained by these set of people because their displacement becomes a precondition for the total transformation of the area.

Gentrification has been a controversial issue both in urban planning and politics primarily due to the displacement of poor people by the rich folks (Shaw & Hagemans, 2015). Many individuals have viewed gentrification as an illegal act that should be avoided at all costs. On the other hand, another group of people believe that gentrification is the way forward to promoting growth and development. With such contrasting ideas, this paper is going to take a look at gentrification from a positive and negative perspective, its effects, and how it can be prevented or contained. Apart from this, the paper will also address the following questions.

The correlation in the study is due to job opportunities with higher wages rising with the revival of the city or a community. Gentrification can also be seen in San Francisco, where currently one of the most popular social media, Snapchat, is located. The author of the article expresses how Snapchat bought many neighborhoods to gentrify, which also caused many of diverse and talented workers and artist to rise throughout the city (Schruers). Even the author implies, “surveying the room and admiring the diversity of the crowd” (Schruers). Cities that refused gentrification or the government refused the city to go through the process. One example such as Detroit refused gentrification which caused the decline of the city where it was one of the most popular cities in the United States. Today Detroit is in a dying state where many moved away due to lack of jobs and now turned into a “ghost city” (Bayley). The author states how Liverpool is known as the “New York of England.” He uses that comparison to show how Liverpool become part of the experience of England when it was gentrified and has up to date technology.