Neolithic Labor

The development of writing came from the need of central governments to organize and record public works projects. It was mainly the need to record taxes that funded these projects that promoted writing.

The Neolithic Revolution was an event that began in 10,000 BCE and lasted for thousands of years. Throughout this time period, ancestral humans were transitioning from a hunter-gather way of life to a society in which agriculture was prominent. While geography and plant domestication were crucial, local animal types were less pivotal, yet still important to the Neolithic Revolution.

All throughout history, humans have come up with innovations that have brought both positive and negative changes to the way people live. This all started around 10,000 BCE, when people developed agriculture. The first nomads started off by moving from place to place, hunting and gathering food… but as people developed agriculture, they saved a lot more time. After agriculture developed, the humans learned many things such as farming and taming wild animals for their own use. This time in history was called the Neolithic Revolution… which lasted about 6,000 years, until 4,000 BCE. The big change in the way people got their food and how they lived, resulted to positive and negative changes of human innovations of the Neolithic Revolution. So,

This article from “The Real Truth about the Female” by Barbara Ehrenreich targets many beliefs that women were underestimated. The main theory suggested in this document is that, women had to follow the traditional duties. Early theories are being questioned as a result to women proving many things over the years that were often overlooked. Ehrenreich states in his article, “it does strongly suggest that in the Stone Age family, Dad-the-hunter was not the only provider.” There is a great amount of evidence that suggest the theory that women worked as hard as men. Adrienne Zihlman and Nancy Tanner stated “among surviving “hunting” peoples, most of the community’s calories—up to 70%—come from plant food patiently gathered by women.” This fact

The economic, social, and religious roles of women changed between the Paleolithic and Neolithic time periods. During the Paleolithic Age, women and men had equal position in society. They both helped in the raising of children and the act of obtaining food for their families. The role of women would soon change for the worse in the Neolithic time period. They were left with little social, economic, and religious status, and the large burden of raising children almost singlehandedly.

In the Paleolithic era, social hierarchy was determined by multiple factors such as position in the family, gender, age, and favorable personality traits. Titles were given to establish positions within each band. Titles could include, mother, father, husband, wife, brother, sister, child, etc. The higher the position in the band came power over others. (John P. McKay, Understanding World Societies, Pg14). The division of labor was determined by a person’s sex and age. With biological factors, it was inevitable that there would be a division of labor for men and women. Women biologically are able to breast feed their young, which takes several years. At this time period formula was not invented yet, so breast milk was the only source of nutrition for infants. Women would breast feed and the men would most likely care for the infants. In a sense the women and men split the work to care for their young. Since the Paleolithic people had to rely on moving from place to place to gather their food, women also worked outdoors. The women gathered plants and animal products, meanwhile the men hunted. (McKay, Pg.13) Age was also a key factor in the division of labor in their society. Being elderly or a child would result in different task that would generally be easier because of the lack of strength. Unlike the Paleolithic era, in the Neolithic era Social hierarchies mainly came about as a result of plow agricultural society in both gender relations and division of labor.

Political, economic, and social conditions have often led to turning points that have changed the course of history for nations and people. The Paleolithic Era and Neolithic Revolution was a turning point that changed the orbit of history for mankind. In Documents 1, 2, and 4, they explain life before the Neolithic Revolution and what changed during the period and provide an analysis of results of the revolution. They introduce food supply and settlement, and civilization and trade.

During the evolutionary adaptation time period, between 10-40 thousand years ago, our ancestors were hunter-gatherers. This created a division between men and women. The men would hunt for food and the women would be in charge of the domestic duties such as cleaning and cooking. Doing the domestic chores would have kept women more protected, as it is less strenuous and would have guarded the camp whilst the men were out hunting therefore increasing the chances of reproductive success. This division of labour would have made them less likely to sustain injuries and so the evolutionary approach would suggest that the groups who divided the labour were been more likely to

There is a division between males and females from puberty and into life. This division is most highly expressed in labor. As is typical for many societies, men hunted, fished, went to war, while females collected plants and took care of children. The subarctic people are a hunter-gatherer society. Women in this society are inferior to men. They were not treated well and often beaten by their husbands (Sutton, 87).

jobs were more physical such as carpentry and blacksmiths while women would take less physical

The Neolithic revolution is a revolution because it profoundly affected the way human beings lived. During the Neolithic revolution people settled down, division of labor began, social inequality began, gender inequality began, the importance of surplus rose, and religious changes began. These were all the changes that happened during the Neolithic revolution. To this day some of these changes are still present.

Characteristics of the Paleolithic Age – Some characteristics of the Paleolithic Age include hunting and gathering methods and living in small groups. Also using stone tools and living a nomadic lifestyle. There were four different type of stone tools used including pebbles, hand axes, flakes and pebbles. They would not plant any vegetables or grains but hunted for berries and roots in the wild. They would also fish in streams like we still do today.

According to history, The Neolithic Revolution is so named because it took place during the Neolithic era, or New Stone Age, around 11,500 to 5,000 years ago. This dramatic change is sometimes called the Agricultural Revolution because it rests on a knowledge of plant and animal husbandry. As a result of the growth of agriculture, human civilizations began to give up the nomadic life of foragers for a more sedentary lifestyle. Cities began to develop, and the residents of these cities were able to build up surplus resources. These surpluses allowed some members of society to forgo farming for other activities, leading to a division of labor and specialization. By exploring specialized professions, people could become experts at their trades,

The author John Robb compared the Neolithic period to the internet (which is a global phenomenon) as a result of this, the internet is said to be a thing where people irresistible gain knowledge which transformed their lives and their social activities even at work. This transformation is a gradual process in which people observed that their lives are being changed and they are more knowledgeable and before. The more knowledge they have the more it makes them thirst for more and this is said to be one of the transformation that affect human society due to the internet. The Neolithic period (the spread of farming) also had a gradual process just as the way the internet affected human lives. The Neolithic period is one of the major transformations in human history. John Robb attempts to frame the problem of the Neolithic era as an approach to exploring the social relations in any global phenomenon (internet) in such a way that, we all know that the Neolithic era was the spread of farming (Agriculture) throughout the world. It marked the end of hunter-gatherer societies. Also led to population explosion, people went into farming and animal husbandry due to the Neolithic period. Understanding the problem of Neolithic era as an approach to explore other social relations will be an explanation which acknowledges the great local variability seen archaeologically across Europe at this transition and deals with motivations and social relations without reductionism.

The beauty of the world lies in the fact that t experiences constant changes. Nothing is in its original from today, as it was in ancient times. There are numerous factors, which have played a pivotal role in enabling the world retain its beauty, in the form of experiencing the changes; and amongst those factors is the major factor of constant progress and development by the mankind. Mankind has always been in constant endeavour of improving his life standards, and discovering new ways of enabling his survival and enhancing the processes that he customarily employs.