Nervosa Biological Model

Eating disorder is the abnormal eating behavior that would negatively impact one’s health, emotions and ability to function in important areas of life. Eating disorders include several categories: binge eating disorder, which means people eat large amount in a short period, anorexia nervosa which people eat very little, bulimia nervosa which people eat a lot and then try to rid themselves of food, pica which people eat non-food items, rumination disorder means people regurgitate food, avoidant food intake means that people have a lack of interest in food, and other specified eating disorders (ANAD). There is believed to be no single cause for eating disorders, as all the biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors contribute to this illness. Studies have shown that specific chromosomes may be associated with bulimia and anorexia (NY times). Eating disorders may also be caused by imbalance of serotonin and dopamine which explain why people who have anorexia

When looking for the best treatment options doctors primarily recommend cognitive behavioral therapy, antidepressants, and medical nutrition therapy. Similar to cognitive behavioral therapy, medical nutrition therapy attempts to help a bulimic understand outlying problems for their disease and how they can be fixed. However, medical nutrition therapy views how eating certain things can help to rejuvenate the body, while cognitive behavioral therapy attempts to rejuvenate the mind to help improve mental health. Compared to these therapies antidepressants are commonly used to elevate certain chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine. While therapy sessions are used to talk and understand, how to treat bulimia

The focus of this intervention design is the relationship between binge-eating disorder and depression. In May of 2013, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition was published. With this publication came the introduction of binge-eating disorder as a formal, independent diagnosis. As a result, there is a gap in the literature in

Bulimia Nervosa refers to when an individual over-eats excessively and then takes action to purge the body of the intake. There are five criteria for Bulimia Nervosa in the DSM-IV, which include: recurring episodes of binge eating, recurring actions of purging, the patterns must continue at least twice a week for three months or more, a huge emphasis on body weight in self-evaluation, and the actions must occur apart

In our Western society, we have several different types of eating dysfunction, all of which are unique and tragic in their own right. Despite their individuality, however, they all have several overlapping symptoms that are key to their classification and severity. For Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED), one of the core features is binge eating, which can be defined objectively by number of calories eaten in a given time or subjectively by the feelings of the binger. Binge eating has many different aspects that are of interest to scientists and clinicians alike. One of those interests has to do with the reduction of this symptom among populations being treated for their respective disorder. Because both

Bulimia nervosa is a specific type of eating disorder that affects 4.7 million female and 1.5 million males in the United States on a daily basis. The typical occurrence for such a disorder happens more commonly in young adults and onto fully-grown men and women, however there are in fact some cases that have patients diagnosed at only six years old (Mirror Mirror Eating Disorders). Symptoms of bulimia nervosa include secret binge eating episodes of excessively large amounts of food followed by purging, in the form of self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse, fasting, or even excessive exercising. The life of a bulimic person is a masochistic one that is hidden away from the world and full of secrecy and

Prescription antidepressants and antipsychotics have not had much success in the treatment of anorexia nervosa. Eating disorder expert Walter Kaye, MD said, “we have not understood the pathogenesis and physiology of these illnesses (anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa). Until we do that, it is hard to come up with effective treatments.” He said this in regards to finding more effective treatment options (Kaplan).

While it has been long assumed that bulimia and anorexia have stemmed from insecurities and poor choices; DNA, genetics, endorphins, cholecystokinin, and CCK levels, among other things, are all important deciding factors of whether or not someone will be plagued with the diseases. Among the two, bulimia nervosa has had the most backed research on what could be the cause and nature of the disease. Bulimia Nervosa is a binge eating disorder. During these binges the participants eat without their food hormone receptors turning off resulting in them eating more than what would be FDA approved. After one of their binges they quickly purge themselves in a hope to lose the weight they gained during their binges. Pinpointing the causes of it have proven difficult because the disorder has both mental and psychical components, and it develops in

Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating as well as by self-induced vomiting and/or laxative abuse (Mitchell, 1986). Episodes of overeating typically alternate with attempts to diet, although the eating habits of bulimics and their methods of weight control vary (Fairburn et al., 1986). The majority of bulimics have a body weight within the normal range for their height, build, and age, and yet possess intense and prominent concerns about their shape and weight (Fairburn et al., 1986). Individuals with bulimia nervosa are aware that they have an eating problem, and therefore are often eager to receive help. The most common approach to

Bulimia Nervosa is characterized by The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as eating in a discrete period, of time (e.g., within any two hour period), and amount of food that is definitely larger than what most individuals would eat in a similar period of time under similar circumstances (DSM (5th ed., [DSM-5], American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). It can also be characterized as a sense of lack of control over eating during the episode (e.g., a feeling that one cannot stop eating or control what or how much one is eating) (DSM (5th ed., [DSM-5], American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). Bulimia was known to be very difficult to treat when it first was acknowledged (Hudson, Pope, Harrison & Jonas, 1983). Fortunately today it can be treated by drug or cognitive therapy. Since that time, a vast variety of treatments have been looked into, and since then two approaches have been known to establish efficacy (Hudson, et al.). One is cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Individuals diagnosed with bulimia nervosa undertake frequent binge eating, followed by expelling the food, typically by inducing vomiting, but also through exercising and the use of laxative agents, diuretics, and enemas (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The binge eating occurrences are often prompted by a negative perception of one’s body image, temporarily alleviated by the binge eating episode. Since the individual with bulimia nervosa is overanxious about body weight, purging of the food is viewed as a necessity. This is in contrast to binge eating disorder, which does not involve the purging of food after an excess of food consumption (Bulik et al., 2012). Furthermore, although

Bulimia Nervosa is characterized by binge eating which is the uncontrolled consumption of large amount of food, negative self-evaluation which is determined by body shape and weight and finally regular compensation behavior which could include self-induced vomiting and laxative misuse. Patients suffering from this disorder have body weight that is typically normal or low normal. At the same time, the disorder has associated general psychopathology and psychosocial impairment. It is most common in young girls. Bulimic patients have alterations of the neurotransmitter systems that highly contribute to neuroendocrine function, moods and modulation of feeding. The brain is affected in such a way that there is an increased cerebrospinal fluid concentration

Like those who show bulimia nervosa, individuals with binge eating disorder are involved in repeated eating binges during which they feel no control over their eating. Today’s treatments for binge eating disorder are similar to those for bulimia. These treatments consist of Cognitive behavioral therapy, as well as other forms of psychotherapy and in some cases anti-depressant medication. The anti-depressant medication is given to assist in the reduction of binge eating patterns and to alter the disturbed concern over weight and

Bulimia Nervosa is the diet-binge-purge cycle. It is an illness that is mostly found in young females. This cycle involves a strict diet, uncontrollable eating and then unhealthy strategies to get rid of the food and therefore the guilt. This addictive eating disorder is based on guilt. The individual tends to under-consume and thereby becoming very hungry. Once the individual gives in and allows one’s self to eat, the person begins to over-eat. After finishing the large quantities of food, the individual begins to feel immense

The eating disorders ( ED ) are a group of extremely complex conditions, characterized by abnormalities in alimentary patterns, an excessive concern of body fitness, an altered perception of body image and a close correlation between all these factors and the levels of self-esteem. Nowadays, DSM IV identifies two main ED: Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa. Starting from the 50’s of the previous century, the diffusion of anorexia have been notably persistent and constant through these years so much, that in an international point of view, “there are no other psychiatric diseases which have spread in such rapidity as well as propagation characterized by a serious social epidemic” (Ministero della Salute, 2010). Anorexia is a problem that nowadays