Neural Networks : An Important Component Of Determining The Financial Progress Of A Business

Page 3: Introduction to the Financial System Page 7: Commercial Banks Page 12: The Share Market and the Corporation Page 15: Corporations Issuing Equity into the Share Market Page 19: Investors in the Share Market Page 24: Short-term Debt Page 28: Medium- to Long-term Debt Page 32: Interest Rate Determination and Forecasting Page 37: The Foreign Exchange Market Page 40: Factors that Influence the Exchange Rate Page 42: Futures Contracts and Forward Rate Agreements Page 47: Options

The behaviour of markets and investors, the decision making in the market place and the dynamics of demand and supply in any given market cannot be determined with a hundred percent accuracy. However master minds in the past have designed various techniques and theories that help investors make a particular buying decision, or to make choices logically. These theories and techniques help today’s investors to peep into the future and make almost immaculate predictions regarding the future behaviour of the market and the ongoing trends. A lay man night view the decision making of an investor as being solely based upon speculation but in reality every move that an investor makes today in the market place is backed up by sound calculation and

The stock market has always intrigued me and I have since been eager to learn more about it. Starting back in January of this year, I ordered three textbooks on stock trading to become more informed on the subject. After reading these books, I gained further insight on stock trading which led me to open my own brokerage account where I could buy and sell stocks. I started by playing a stock simulation which was very similar in concept to StockTrak, a program we used in this class. I found that this helped provide me with a hands on experience which helped familiarize me with stock trading and learning how to manage and use my money efficiently. I continued to play this simulation for about two months and during this time my portfolio grew about 4%, which provided me a confidence boost and motivated me to invest in my real money into the stock market. In March of 2015, I officially began trading in the stock market and I continued to learn along the way. As of now, I have roughly nine months of stock trading experience. As stated previously, I have always had in interest in the stock market, but I never acted upon it until as recently as earlier this year. My interest in the stock market was peaked because I enjoy taking risks and the stock market

“Predictive analytics uses technology to predict the future and influence it.” [27] It is predominantly being used to improve business processes, which is a great opportunity for entrepreneurs to achieve positive business outcomes [26]. The goal of this white paper is to discuss the impact of predictive analytics in today’s world and the various concerns that come along with it. The paper addresses key research questions like what are the legal and ethical concerns that rise from predictive analytics? And where can we use predictive analytics to get positive results? We have tried to analyze the current market situation in order to answer these questions, focusing on the key areas where predictive analytics has had positive and negative impact. After intense scrutiny of the facts and details encountered by us, we have come up with some recommendations and solutions to address the issues caused by the use of predictive analytics and how their effects can be balanced by organizations.

* Forecasting is an impartial strategic ingredient that will ensure apt base for reputable planning. Our forecast is always the first step in developing plans in running the business along with our future plans of growth strategies. With this tool, we are able to anticipate our sales within reason that then can allow for us to control our costs in conjunction with inventory which will then help us to enhance our customer service. Sales forecasting is a vital strategic tactic in our company’s methodology.

The decision making of management is very crucial and involves various analysis to be performed. There are various ratios and methods that can be useful for mitigating the risks and increasing the expected returns with investments. The financial forecast is a mix of the behaviour,

One of the biggest advantages of Neural Network is that it can actually learn from observing data sets. This way it uses a random function approximation tool, which helps to estimate the most efficient and ideal solution while defining all the computing functions and distributions. Neural Networks takes data samples instead of entire data sets to arrive to a solution, which saves a lot of time and money. Neural Networks are considered as simple mathematical models to enhance existing data analysis technology.

Forecasting is the methodology utilized in the translation of past experiences in an estimation of the future. The German market presents challenges for forecasting techniques especially for its retail segment. Commercially oriented organizations are used to help during forecasting as general works done by academic scientists are not easy to come across (Bonner, 2009).

M&L Manufacturing Company is an example of a company that could benefit from forecasting. In the past the company has made an educated guess to determine necessary production for

As a PhD candidate in Finance, I want to continue my research on earnings revision and earnings surprises as well as investigate other factors of return predictability related to size, profitability, and momentum. In addition, my other research interests are in (1) investments, (2) hedge funds and mutual funds, and (3) applications of machine learning in finance.

But even this is not possible in case of a new product or innovation. A forecast of sales, demand, cash, requirements and several such business valuables are extremely essential for a business in order to be able to appropriately plan and conduct its operations in an effective and efficient manner. Yet, forecasts cannot be made accurately as there are several factors and changes in the current environment that leads to variations in forecasts and impacts or causes a manager to make changes in the forecasts.

In order to work towards this goal, I knew I had to upgrade my knowledge and skills. This was when I first felt the need to enroll in a master’s program in Financial Engineering. Upon exploration, I realized that the multi-disciplinary approach of financial engineering made it an ideal match for my career aspirations, as it involves a combination of engineering, mathematics and finance, all of which I am deeply interested in and have the sufficient background to excel. Finally, having realized the fast-paced changing environment of finance and trading brought about by financial engineering, I have decided to enroll in a financial engineering program to gain graduate-level knowledge in quantitative finance and get updated of the latest advances in the financial Industry. Enrolling in such a program would improve my knowledge, skill set and help me become a better equipped Quantitative trader, which I wish to become in the

Accounting information can be useful in order to help predict future performance in the short and long term. It is important to note however that accounting information including accounting ratios show a company’s performance at a period in time. It is historical data. Trends can be identified by comparing data in sequential periods and future forecasts can be determined using historical data. There is no evidence or proof however, that these patterns will predict the future at a level of complete certainty. In my opinion, it would be hard to argue that decreasing profits over an extended period of time, or deteriorating liquid assets and increasing long term debt will have a

Forecasters use these mental maps to organize their observations of directional information. Since innovations rarely apply to the entire marketplace, information must be tagged for the appropriate price point, category and classification. In this way, forecasters turn random bits of data into useful information for decision support, points and style directions.

Business forecasting is the process of studying historical performance for the purpose of using the information gained to project future business conditions so that decisions can be made today that will assist in the achievement of certain goals. Forecasting involves taking historical date and using it to project future data with a mathematical model. Forecasts are extensively used to support business decisions and direct the work of operations managers. In this paper I will introduce different types of forecasting techniques.