Neural Recording And Processing Of The Neural Signals

Action potentials can occur more frequently as long there is a continued source of stimulation, as long as the relative refractory period has been reached, which in experiment 2 the refractory period was complete.

Discuss the mechanisms of neural communication and explain the impact that different drugs can have on this communication.

To send a message, a neuron will send a ripple of electrical energy down its axon. This ripple is called "action potential." The way it works is by changing the chemical makeup of the axon's negatively charged interior. Positively charged sodium ions move into the cell and negatively charged potassium ions move out, then the ions move to their original positions. This produces a wave of positively charged

send this information to the central nervous system. The motor neurons in turn carry processed

Neurons can fire efficiently or it can also work too hard or too little. These patterns can in

Once in the synapses, the impulses triggers the release of chemical messages called neurotransmitters; which then bind to receptors on the receiving cell as the transmission of the impulse repeated again. The message or impulse continues traveling from one neuron to the next throughout the body until it reaches its destination as it relays a signal. All of this activity happens in less than a split second and without conscious thought. At the end of this process, the brain has the task of interpreting the message and making the decision as to what to do with this new information. (Carlson, 2011.Pg.45-52)

The term threshold as it applies to an action potential is the voltage at which you first observe an action potential.

The EEG recordings where collected with the Quickcap using twenty-six electrodes located to the 10-20 system. The data was recorded at sample rates

is. An easy example of a decoding process would be to look at a simple

Information conveyed by the synapses on the dendrites is processed and projected from the axon. The axon is extraordinary, it is specialized for signal conduction to the next neuron. Axons vary in length, the ones in your brain are relatively short in comparison to the axons that run from your spinal cord down to your foot (about a meter long).

The individual cells within the brain, the neurons, release a whole array of chemical signals in communication with one

head, and this apparatus sends a signal to the brain so that your reflex action

The neurons in the brain tissue communicate with each other via electrical signals, generating measurable action potential activity. Electrophysiological techniques have been developed to measure this electrical activity. Electrophysiological techniques are some of the classic methods of brain research, partly because they are very sensitive and accurate. They provide quite a number of insights into the subject’s mind as well as allow for study of how the brain works. They can be used during brain surgery as well as when the patient is awake and conscious, as the brain itself does not sense pain during the measurements. Although electrophysiology has been around for close to half a century, it has attained appreciable advances only in the last two decades. These advances have revolutionized the study of brain structure and functions, allowing neurophysiologists to monitor the brain’s activities directly during experiments (Sutler et al., 1999). Even with its significant impact in neurology, however, its presence has been so commonplace that many people no longer realize its ubiquity. This essay explores three electrophysiological techniques namely patch clamp, sharp electrodes, and brain slice recording. It describes how each of these techniques works as well as how advances in the techniques have

It is well known that biological sensory systems transform analog quantities such us pressure, temperature, electric fields (E-fields) etc. into trains of information. All the features of systems exhibiting stochastic resonance were found to be present in cell signaling systems which are intrinsically noisy, nonlinear threshold systems. We observed the effects of pulsed electrical fields of intensity near that of

The success of accuracy and efficiency of neuromorphic architectures led to the the advent of more applications that demanded even more work in this field.Advancement at architecture level and state of the art in silicon neural processing began in the early 1980’s when Carver Mead, widely regarded as the father of neuromorphic computing, wrote the book “Analog VLSI and Neural Systems.”. The following sections of the paper provide a comprehensive survey of the prior art discussing the current trends in neuromorphic chips.