New France: A Brief History

Cartier was attracted to the grand eel fishery and established relationships with the St. Lawrence Iroquoians. Later, Champlain voyaged out to present day Quebec City for the large eel fishery appealed to him because he was partly incentivized to form trade relations with the Indigenous and a major fraction of them were invested in this eel

British empire was in control of Canada, “a deep and complex transformation.” (Calloway, 112) British empire envision North America with field of action while the French spent the next two decade revenging on their loss with the Seven Years’ War and Treaty of Paris. Even though the French did not succeed in North America, eventually they migrated towards large swaths of Canada, The Great Lakes, and Mississippi Valley using their social systems and culture to survive. “The Interior French”, (Calloway, 123) were French-Canadian who lived beyond the Great Lakes country. They had formed an alliance within the Indians and having a good reputation with dealing goods. Louisiana went to Spain eventually, a few French migrated to Louisiana as a Peace of Paris. More settlers were French in Louisiana during the Spanish era instead of the French. Louisiana changes hand in Paris a couple times in 1763.

After, in 1615, the first French missionaries came to Quebec in large numbers and they began to convert the Natives into Christianity. Later on in 1634, Champlain sent Laviolette to set up a post further west. The post was called Trois-Riviere. It became a very important fur trading post. Two more missionaries were sent there to convert Natives to Christianity.

Before 1760, a Canadian society was developing a replica of the western world by building on the ideas of agriculture and commerce. The agriculture settlement in New France was organized by the use of the seigneurial system. The seigneurial system in Europe created a complete framework for hierarchy and the economic relationship between landlords and tenants. But in Canada, it wasn’t all that successful as the system was mainly used for organizing settlement and to work for the lands. In the past, early Canada was characterized as a rural, agriculture society. This prevented the recognition of small industries under the French regime. But nonetheless, most members of the colony engaged in some sort of entrepreneurship. The Conquest was indeed

New France was french settlements in the southernmost part of Canada and the west of the Ohio River Valley. They settled in areas that made profitable fur

Samuel de Champlain helped establish Quebec and became known as the “Father of New France”, he made a treaty with the Huron Indians and attacked the Iroquois and this came back to haunt them when the Iroquois hampered their penetration into the Ohio River Valley

It isn’t until the middle of the excerpt from Donald Creighton’s book “The Empire of the St. Lawrence” when the river “which led from the eastern shore into the heart of the continent” (1), “possessed a geographical monopoly” (2), and “offered a pathway to the central mysteries” (5) is revealed to be the St. Lawrence. Throughout the paragraph, it is serves as a symbolic element of history, an important factor in the development of Canadian identity and the process in achieving the ultimate “dream of western commercial empire” (7) to Canada. By using many literary devices and techniques- repetition, personification, parallelism and language shifts- Creighton emphasizes the St. Lawrence’s importance and value to Canada.

In July 1758 ,the British took Louisbourg. One month later British took Fort Frontenac at the west end of the river. The British then closed in on Quebec. Near the end of the war a French leader was killed at Jumonville.

Samuel de Champlain was a French explorer, who grew up in France. He was known to the world as a map maker. Samuel was very talented and was able to study and create maps. He was famous for establishing and governing uninhabited communities of Québec and New France. Samuel de Champlain was born in Brouage, Saintonge, France on August, 13, 1574.

A. In 1604, the first fort was set up on the St. Croix River by Champlain. After a disastrous winter they moved the to a new site. In 1605, he established Port Royal.

Things didn’t go smoothly for Champlain for long. Charles l of England commissioned an expedition under David Kirke to displace the French. They attacked the fort and seized supply ships, cutting off necessities to the colony. Champlain lived with the Hurons that winter, between foot of Georgian Bay and Lake Simcoe. During his stay, he composed one of the earliest and most detailed accounts of Native American life. When Champlain returned to France, he found himself embroiled in lawsuits and was unable to return to Quebec. He spent this time writing the stories of his voyages, complete with maps and illustrations. When he was reinstated as lieutenant, he returned to Canada with his wife, who was 30 years his junior. Champlain spent some time writing about his travels until, in 1632, the British and the French signed the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en- Laye, returning Quebec to the French. Champlain returned to be its governor. By this time,however, Champlain health was failing and he was forced to retire in 1633. Samuel De Champlain died in Quebec on Christmas Day in 1635. So after all his traveling his health was failing and there was nothing he could about it until he finally passed away on Christmas

The letter titled "Trade in Quebec City: general trade of the country and of his Majesty's domain was written in year 1709. It was the time when British rulers were trying to attain the profit as much as they can on north America, before the control of British rulers it was a colony of French as the author stated " the entire colony is granted as seigneuries and as the custom of Paris is observed here" (father Antoine Silvy 97). The reason stated to write this letter was to pass information regarding trade between Quebec and other cities to the Majesty the king of England. The exchange in goods were between various states, such as America, French, British and several more. The author wrote this letter separately as he described in the letter that " when telling you of Quebec City I did not tell you of its commerce."(father antoine-97).

After Leaving Puerto Rico in early March 1513, he sailed northwest to eventually find land that he thought was an island. This island had actually been the discovery of Florida and then he landed in the vicinity of Saint Augustine. Well after numerous deaths occurred King Philip II decided that colonizing Florida was not worth it, therefore, the explorations ended. Thus, the French swooped in and wanted to make Florida theirs, a man named Jean Ribault led the expedition to Florida. The French settled on St. Johns River and built Fort Caroline. The French had traded with the Saturiba tribe for food. When King Philip II found out about Ribault landing in Florida, he sent Pedro Menendez de Aviles, to get rid of the French and to settle there. Menendez ported at Saint Augustine on August 28, 1565, and on September 6, 1565, the life of the Indians of Seloy, never was the

The capitulation of Montréal to the British on 8 September 1760 was accepted by Jean-Baptiste Nicolas Roch de Ramezay, King's Lieutenant, Admiral Sir Charles Saunders, and General George Townshend, They signed it on September 18, 1759.It efficiently completed Britain’s conquest of New France in the Seven Years' War.

The English got to the coast first, so the French continued their journey north until they reached modern-day Canada. Unlike the English who at first contact