New Technology Research Paper

“Forensic science has become in the early 21st century what the space race was in the 1960s- an accessible and inspiring (Gaensslen) into the world of science” (Gaensslen ix). This may be true but forensic has not always existed forever. Many people began hearing about forensic science during the 1990s when many of crime shows became popular. In actuality forensic science goes as far back as ancient China. Sculptors used fingerprints to identify their artwork from that of others. This may not be what forensics has evolved into but it had to begin somewhere. The first text reference of forensics first showed up in Hsi Duan Yu, which was published in about 700 CE (Hunter 18). It noted that many bodies have various characteristics that make them different. Many of the early forensic advances took place in the 1700 and 1800s. In 1784 the physical matching of evidence began. It was first used in the case of John Toms to link him and a piece of pistol wadding to a murder (Lotter). From then on forensics began to grow exponentially. “A major landmark in forensic science, the discovery that

The idea of using the science has been started before the debuting of Sherlock Holmes in 1887, who had introduced about the forensic science to help criminal investigation. In history, the work of forensic scientists was performed by medical personnel. Until the end of eighteenth century, the attempts of French medical jurist Antoine Louis, crime solving Chinese book “ Hsi Duan Yu”(the washing way of wrongs), etc gave ideas about determining time of death, analyzing blood stain, identifying chemical used in crime, etc. After eighteenth century, the modern chemistry paved new way of identifying crime like the idea of measuring height, length of right ear and outstretched

scientific law enforcement in his creation of a mass fingerprint file in 1926 and the

For over a century fingerprints have been one of the most used tools of forensic science. Fingerprints have been used to identify criminals of small crimes

The next significant advancement in fingerprinting was achieved by an Englishman, Dr. Henry Faulds, who created a fingerprint classification method and suggested using printers’ ink to obtain quality fingerprints (The History of Fingerprints). Perhaps the most important advancement in fingerprinting came in 1892, when a British Anthropologist, Sir Francis Galton, published the book Fingerprints. For a while it had been thought that no two fingerprints were identical. However, Galton became the first to scientifically prove this, as well as the fact that fingerprints remain unchanged throughout a person’s life (The History of Fingerprints). It was these two facts that made fingerprinting the preferred method of identification.

In this day and age law enforcement agencies use many different types of technology in order to help combat and fight crime. Because technology is forever changing this means law enforcement officials need to stay up to date with the latest technology. I wanted to go over technology that is available to police officers, prison guards, and probation officers. One of the many technologies available to police officers are fingerprint technology which provides him the opportunity to successfully lift prints throughout a crime scene. Once these prints are lifted they will go through the proper chain of custody and be processed by the officers local or state lab to see if there is a match. Another form of technology is if blood is found at the crime, any type of blood that is found at the crime scene of course it would be swabbed, for anything that is collected you would also need to

Q.4 List the forensic scientists that were involved in the early development of fingerprints. What made fingerprint so important to forensic science at the turn of the 20th century?

Phillip, I was one of those individuals believing in the “CSI Effect”. Although I am of age I began to question what is the delay in regard to evidence being used in a timely manner. In fact, I strongly believe the evidence is not as important is because of the type of crime and prisons. Hypothetically, if the technology was made available, and analyzed within two weeks, the criminal justice system will not be harassed by the public. It also beneficial that the public is aware, that the CSI Effect seen on television does not yield faster results. Once the public is aware of the real-life process.

According to technology have become a major part of our life and a huge impact to our society, is it possible that technology will be used in criminal investigations. Almost technology was developed to analyze blood type or DNA, hair sample, and fingerprint which are the evidences that we normally consider as a first priority. When we talking about the evidences in crime scenes, There is a few people consider about shoe prints although its can be useful evidence. Therefore, we would like to develop a program that can identify the criminals by using shoe

Forensic science is a broad term that refers to the use of science or technology in a court room environment. Forensic science plays an important role in modern popular culture; the police procedural is highly dependent upon cutting-edge forensic science. Moreover, many people are aware of the impact of DNA testing on the modern criminal justice landscape. However, forensic science actually predates many modern scientific advances; almost as long as there have been controversies, there has been some type of forensic science.

Fingerprinting is used for many things, such as a robbery, or at a crime scene. Fingerprints were first discovered in 1870 by Alphonse Bertillon, who was a French anthropologist. In 1892, Juan Vucetich had made the first criminal report using a fingerprint. In 1905 America used fingerprints for identification. When America started using fingerprints for identification they had to match the fingerprints manually when needed. When technology was able to enter fingerprints, and match them with anonymous ones, it helped identification immensely.

At the time, no one had ever attempted to admit fingerprint evidence to court. but this time, in the People v. Jennings case, the Supreme Court of Illinois upheld the fingerprint evidence (Chicago Daily Tribune, 1911). Captain Michael Evans, head of the identification bureau, “swore positively that the print on the fence was that of Jennings” (Chicago Daily Tribune, 1911). Ultimately, the court convicted Jennings of murder and robbery. His words indicated that people in the early twentieth century began to think about fingerprints as credible and reliable means of identificatiofryn of a person. Then, in 1915, Frederick Kuhne wrote The Fingerprint Instructor, and the Scientific American Company published The Fingerprint Instructor in 1916 (Houck & Siegel). It had been written for the use of the Bureau of Criminal Identification, part Police Department of the City of New York. The Jennings case and the first authoritative publication on fingerprinting show that the United States government officials’ and criminalists’ growing faith on a fingerprints ability to identify a person with great

Some experts believe that the science of recording fingerprints has existed for thousands of years, although it is only since the late 1800s that fingerprints were used in fighting crime ("How fingerprinting improves criminal investigations"). Fingerprints were taken using ink and paper, then stored with an individual's personal information. Although fingerprint records were used successfully, the system was time-consuming and cumbersome, often requiring weeks or months to process a single submission. In addition to the inability to process records expeditiously, there were opportunities for records to get misfiled or lost.

Edmond Locard was an avid reader of the Sherlock Holmes stories and was influenced very heavily by them, so much so that he built his own forensics laboratory. He proceeded to create ‘Locard’s Exchange Principle’ which explains that if two things rub upon each other for example (or come into contact with each other) they will always leave a trace of themselves on each other, “every contact leaves a trace.” Locard was very influential in the field of forensic science as he developed the science of ‘poroscopy’ which is the study of the pores in fingerprints, and also said that if 12 points of two fingerprints matched that they were the same, i.e. a positive identification. In ‘A Study In Scarlet,’ Holmes talks about the identification of ashes and afterward Locard wrote a paper on the identification of tobacco by a study on ashes. Locard also published a paper titled “The Analysis of Dust Traces” in which he directly address the Holmes novels, saying “a police expert… would not find it a waste of time to read Doyle’s novels.” Interestingly, Locard was dubbed the ‘Sherlock of France’ (The Forensics

c) A new technology is adopted by those who see an advantage in it. The fast-to-market strategy targets the hardcore gamers, who are always trying to enhance their gaming experience. The EPOC product positioned to provide an enhanced experience would attract this segment of users. The communication and information provided about the product plays a big role in early adoption. Releasing the development kit online and the Game Developer’s Conference presentations would generate a lot of interest and buzz for the product and this interest can be sustained with meaningful and directed information sharing. The gaming community is well connected and a lot of adoption and diffusion of innovation happens through word-of-mouth or by an influential change agent. Pricing is also an important factor for consideration while introducing a new technology and when the product is priced very high it can hurt the diffusion. The product availability and channels of distribution also play a huge role in the diffusion process. The retail strategy through Best Buy, where the user can see and trial the product would quicken the diffusion process. The planned demo for the product is a great way to decrease the learning gap and increasing ease of use which would directly result in increased adoption of the product. Some of the key factors for Emotiv to execute this strategy are