Essay on Newborn Mortality Rates In Ghana And The United States Today

There is a very low infant mortality rate, 2.8 in a thousand, and a relatively low birth rate as well, at 7.41 births in a thousand. However, the death rate, 9.83 deaths in a thousand, is

Economic growth has much improved the infant mortality rate though better healthcare facilities and living conditions. Japan has fallen to one of the world’s lowest infant mortality levels at 3.6 per 1,000 live births in 2006 (Saigusa, 2006). Infant mortality is largely affected by the health of the mother, which makes pre-natal health imperative in keeping infant mortality rates low. Since Japan offers health care to all, access to prenatal care is easier to get therefore making mothers healthier and help in finding complications earlier in the pregnancy.

Average natality rate for a developing country usually tend to be higher than developed countries. This is largely because women in developed countries are more likely to have careers and lifestyles that make it less convenient to have them. Infant mortality rate is the measure of deaths of children that are less than a year old. There are numerous of factors that impact this rate including the mother's level of education, environmental conditions, and political and medical infrastructure. Improving sanitation, access to clean drinking water, immunization against infectious diseases, and other public health measures can help reduce high rates of infant

Infant mortality rate depicts the number of deaths of children less than one year of age per 1,000 births within a country. Argentina has an infant mortality rate of 11.7 based on the 2013 World Population Data Sheet, which is very low compared to the world average of 40 (9). Even though Argentina’s infant mortality rate (IMR) is lower than the world’s average, it is not as low as one may think when looking at their population of 41.3 million people. This means that nearly 826,000 babies under the age of one have died within their first year. On the other hand, the infant mortality rate of Argentina is much lower than the majority of Africa and parts of Asia, which suggests that Argentina has a sufficient healthcare and education system for women (2013 World Population Data Sheet, 9). If the infant mortality rate is high, which in Argentina’s case it is not, it would be a good indicator that the country most likely lives in poverty and does not

Around the world, 830 women die every day from preventable complications during pregnancy and delivery (“Maternal mortality” 1). A death during a pregnancy or within 42 days of delivery is referred to as a maternal death (Semba and Bloem 34). The issue of maternal death in developing countries is an often unaddressed and urgent need. Things like poverty, a lack of access to quality healthcare, and cultural practices are causing maternal mortality rates in developing countries to be unnecessarily high (“Leading and underlying causes of maternal mortality” 1). Mothers in developing countries are needlessly dying, but organizations like Delivering Hope International (DHI) have heard their cry and rushed to provide the tools and care these women so desperately need.

Infant mortality is the death of a child that is less than one year of age. Infant mortality rates are measured by the number of deaths in infants per number of live births. Infants are usually up to that age of one year. The health outcomes of a pregnancy is mainly influenced by a woman's health. Other risk factors include race, ethnicity, age, and income. Socioeconomic status and geographic location are major influences for infant mortality of a child. Most babies that die before their first year can be because they are born with a serious defect, is a preterm birth (Born too small or too early/37 weeks), infections, affected by maternal complications of pregnancy, victims of injuries and victims of sudden infant death syndrome also known as SIDS. National Vital Statistics Reports studied the infant mortality rates for the top five leading causes of infant death from 2005 to 2009. The top five leading causes were congenital malformations, preterm birth or low birth weight, SIDS, maternal complications, and unintentional injuries. Congenital malformations had the biggest decrease from 2005 to 2009 while the other four causes decreased only a little bit or not at all. National Vital Statistics Reports also studied infant mortality rates, by the race and ethnicity of the mother in the United States from 2005 to 2009. The infant mortality rate for each race and ethnicity of the mothers decreased from 2005 to 2009. The non-Hispanic blacks had the highest infant mortality rate

One in four pregnancies end in loss - think about that for just a second. If four women are randomly selected, chances are one of them have experienced some type of loss of a child. Approximately one million pregnancies each year just in the United States alone end in early pregnancy loss, stillbirth, or the death of a newborn child (October: Awareness). In an effort to lower these statistics, medical institutions should work to provide more efficient prenatal care as well as updated, more affordable education for lower income expectant mothers.

Of particular concern is women and maternal health in Ethiopia. According to the millennium goal developments, the fifth goal is to reduce maternal mortality rate by 75% by 2015. One reason that maternal health needs to be increased in Ethiopia is because of the large amount of women who die each year. According to Skolnik (2012), the highest maternal mortality ratios are in sub-Saharan Africa, where there are 940 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. This means that a woman in some countries of sub-Saharan countries of Africa such as Ethiopia face 250 times the risk of dying a maternal death as does a woman in the high-income countries. (Skolnik, 2012) There are many factors that come into play when looking at maternal health. Among the first are the nutritional status and general health status of the mothers, in addition there is a link between maternal death and the level of education and income of the mother (Skolnik, 2012, p. 191). In order to help reduce the high incidence of maternal mortality rate focus should be turned to wards identifying ways to improve the access to care for women who are pregnant. I believe this issue is the important to tackle because it can improve the prenatal care that women in Ethiopia receive resulting

This disparity in skilled health care professionals present at birth illustrates the role wealth plays in the ability to support the needs of the women giving birth. The disparity in wealth also eludes to why the Maternal Mortality ratio is so high in developing nations compared to developed nations, it is due to the financial resources to support the best health care available to care for the process of pregnancy at birth, as a result both woman and child become at risk hence increasing the chances of death in relation to birth. Wealth it can be concluded is one of the primary driving forces behind global disparities in maternal mortality because of the difference it can make obtaining the health care needed to see a woman safely through

Moreover, the infant mortality rate is high, because the income of most families is too low to support every member. In the Guardian article, there was a family of 9 living off of the father’s income which was about thirty dollars a month (Guardian). The declination of the rate over the years is partially contributed by the increase in immunizations and vaccines. For instance, the percentage of immunizations for the measles has increase from 38 percent in 1990 to 76 percent in 2009 (World

For example, in the country Bolivia, infants that are born to woman with no education have infant mortality more than 100 per 1000 live births. However, the infant mortality rate of infants born to mothers with at

The first week of life is the riskiest period for the neonates. We have found that individual, maternal, intrapartum, household and socioeconomic factors simultaneously influence neonatal mortality. A higher risk of neonatal deaths have been observed among males, multiple gestations, lower gestational age, first born child, higher maternal age, with a history of antenatal or delivery complications, low education level of the mother and poorest household wealth quintile. We have reconfirmed the significance of these known risk factors for neonatal mortality.

Firstly, the infant mortality rate is one of the main factors that affect the world population. It has plummeted in the past hundred years in the United States; in 1915, the infant mortality rate was 100, and by 1995 it had dropped to less than ten (Doc C). This number varies from country to country. According to Doc D, “The United States ranks 27th out of the 224 regions,

In our society Infant mortality is a huge issue stopping us from moving forward collectively. Social Reproduction is a theory proposed by Karl Marx claiming that inequalities are social reproduced from generation to generation. This supports the idea that those born into a lower class have a higher chance of become ill. Infant mortality is a huge issue in countries like America because instead of suffering from hunger and starvation. They suffer from idea that families can afford healthy groceries instead they are made to buy cheap fast food to get by each day. This affects the children’s health the most because they are in need for the right healthy foods to help them from getting disease like type 2 diabetes and obesity. In other countries around the world, Infant mortality is caused by malnutrition and starvation because the families can’t feed the mother to breastfeed the infants who are vulnerable. Childhood malnutrition is the biggest contributor to all death among children younger than 3 it accounts for almost 35 percent (Huber, 2012). According to World Health Organization, the most important solution to stop this would be the access for immediate and exclusive breastfeeding. We need to implement different policies to help make baby formula and medicine cheaper for children in need. We also can lower infant mortality by educating mothers and local health workers to help eradicate simple things such as malnutrition and disease.

The current death rate is 29 per 1,000 live births and of the 2.8 million newborns dying at birth worldwide, India accounts for 700,000 children dying at birth or shortly after. The National Health Policy to improve care children and women. Poor neonatal health conditions, widespread illiteracy, poverty, poor sanitation and nutrition have also been identified and India’s hopes to tackle these issues by passing this policy.