Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation : Oil

Situated along the coast of the Gulf of Guinea is a region about the size of South Carolina that offers a land full of sweet, light crude oil, known as the Niger Delta (Delta). The Delta sits within the country of Nigeria in West Africa and is in a constant state of crisis, underpinned by a multitude of key issues. Those issues include severe poverty, soil and water contamination, high infant mortality rates, low life expectancy, depletion of natural resources, corruption, and armed militia groups. These issues have one thing in common: oil.

Niger Delta region, placing the Nigerian oil output down to a third of its capacity” (Klare 3).

Shell Oil company began oil exploitation in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria in 1956. It became evident that for the Ogoni, the environmental and social costs of oil exploitation would be painfully high. Beginning December 1992, the people of Ogoni issued a thirty-day demand notice to Shell, which raised the alarm bell of an after struggle between the company and the Ogoni people. This demand notice was followed almost immediately by series of non-violent activities including the Ogoni protest of January 4th, 1993, in what was regarded as Ogoni Day. In the light of the foregoing developments, by the first quarter of 1993, Shell withdrew from Ogoniland, citing the hostile attitude of the Ogoni community to the company’s activities. Around April of the same year, Shell, through its contractor, went back under the protection of the Nigerian military to construct an oil pipeline. This was met with peaceful protests by Ogoni women whose farmlands were to be traveled over by the pipelines, leading to the destruction of their crops without any compensation. Rather than deal with the issues that had been raised by the women, the military

that the industry has on Nigeria’s environment. Since the drilling for oil began in Nigeria,

By the same token, the movie “Big Men” reveals the deprave business practices in Nigeria and Ghana, labeling Nigeria one of the most corrupt governments in the world. Between 1960 and 1999, the Nigerian government wasted over 440 billion dollars of Nigerian profit, mainly from oil wealth. Despite the majority of the oil being drawn from the Niger Delta, a very impoverished region, the natives of that region have no access to this abundant, valuable resource (00:25). Militant groups began to form in opposition to the oil corporations, intentionally cutting and sabotaging pipelines to get a part of the wealth. In addition to being selfish in their profits, businesses promoted the devastation and intentional deterioration of resident towns to distract from their unjust oil bunkering endeavors (01:05). Natives, specifically those who participate in oil pipe sabotaging, describe their situations as the equivalent of “shooting themselves in the foot”, as they hate that they are destroying their towns and worsening their circumstances, but see no other option for retribution. Fires

In 1994, Equatorial Guinea was one of the most impoverished countries in Africa. During that time, the country had an incredibly low life expectancy of just 46 years, and the inhabitants were forced to survive on only $1 a day. Then, in 1995, they discovered a natural resource that would have the potential to change their economic well-being and quality of life forever. In this year, Equatorial Guinea discovered an immense amount of oil right off the coast of the country. Just nine years after this finding, all major US oil companies, notably Exxon-Mobile, Marathon Oil, and Amerada Hess, were drilling for oil in this once poverty-stricken country. After this notable discovery, Equatorial Guinea was generating $4 billion in revenue per year solely from the oil drilling industry. However, the inexperienced leaders that governed the country entered into a contract where they agreed to give 80%

Another company that has recently conducted poor social responsibility is British Petroleum (BP plc). For those unfamiliar, BP, a multinational company headquartered in London, England, is one of the world’s seven major oil and gas companies operating in all areas of the oil and gas industry. These industries include the likes of exploration, production, distribution, marketing, and power generation, along with several other areas. With that much integration in one particular industry, a large corporation like that carries a large amount of social responsibility. The company’s origin dates all the way back to the founding of a small Iranian oil discovery company in 1908, but it has not been until recently that the company has been directly involved in several major environmental and safety incidents, one of which being the well-known 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the largest accidental release of oil into marine waters.

In 1958, oil was first discovered in Nigeria. The discovery has led to the transition from agriculture-based economy to that of oil economy. One would believe that a country that produces a numerous amount of oil used to support the world with energy would have improved domestic infrastructures and economic development. Unfortunately, this is not the case in Nigeria. Nigeria has suffered since the discovery of oil and is still suffering till this day. Not only has it created conflicts between other nations and Nigeria but it has also divided the country into groups, which has fueled civil wars and tension between the government and the people. This is why the topic is a geopolitical event but before trying to understand how it is geopolitical, one should understand what geopolitics is.

oil in Nigeria. Nigeria’s large supply of high quality crude oil helped Shell climb to the top,

He wrote a Bill of Rights calling for protection of the environment in the Ogoni region and basic rights for the Ogoni people. His Bill of Rights was completely ignored by the government. He went on to do peaceful demonstrations against Shell's oil plants where special police forces came in and killed and injured many Ogoni people. In May 1995 Ken Sao-Wiwa and his close MOSOP associates were accused of the murders of four Ogoni chiefs. Their trial was closed to the public Ken Saro-Wiwa's legal defense resigned saying that the trial was not impartial or independent and no matter what they would all be found guilty. Ken Saro-Wiwa and eight of his close associates were all hanged. Shell has since spent millions trying to repair the damage they inadvertently caused in Nigeria and the world's major powers have taken small actions against Nigeria.

World Petroleum, Inc., is a large, international, publicly-traded energy company currently seeking growth opportunities abroad. Their latest interest is Afrinia, a small nation on the west coast of Africa with largely untapped resources. The area is divided into two sections, both geographically and socioculturally. The southern region is made up of grasslands, populated by the Abani tribe. The northern region is made up of rainforest, populated by the Banu tribe. These regions are joined together by the Afrinia River. The Banu people have always resented those belonging to the Abani tribe. The Abani, having easier access to higher education, quickly assumed the higher-raking government positions and corporate jobs after gaining

Most children in the Niger delta have little or no education, due to lack of funds from their parents who have lost their lands and have no jobs because of limited opportunities. The Niger delta government and the oil companies have refused to look into the situation; instead they favor their close relations neglecting the masses. Corruption in the Niger delta has led some youths in taking drastic measure in order to put food on their table. For example, Ikechukwu Efe an indigene of the Niger delta said that some of his friends created their own “oil refinery”, which is made up of crude oil in metal barrels with controlled heat from fire woods. This is a dangerous process in refining crude oil but the degree of poverty in the state left his friends with no choice. If only the government of the Niger delta have created jobs with the wealth of the state Ikechukwu’s friend would not have to put their lives in danger. Until corruption is put to an abrupt the people of the Niger delta will continue to live in poverty.

Niger Delta is one of the top ten largest deltas in the world, to the south of this delta is the Atlantic Ocean and to the north is the famous River Niger. The Niger Delta region in Nigeria is blessed with the natural resource of crude oil. Crude oil was discovered in this region since 1958, this made the Nigerian government to divert their attention from agriculture to oil production due to the excessive wealth they made from this new sector. At that time, many indigenes of the region called the discovery of crude oil in the Niger Delta ‘Black gold’, but with the passage of time, many of them have been proven wrong. This is because the discovery of crude oil has brought more damages to them than benefits. The country Nigeria, is currently ranked as one of the largest crude oil producers in the world. Which makes her inevitable prone to oil spillage and huge investment proposals/projects from large oil TNC’s (Shell, Exon Mobile, and Addax petroleum). Oil spillage due to the exploration and exploitation is the major cause of environmental degradation and pollution in the Niger Delta. However, this does not reduce the importance of other environmental issues like the indiscriminate waste disposal.

Are you a recent graduate or among those that studied programs like Geology and Geophysics in University, and looking to land a job in Total Nigeria? That is a great move and a start to find your dream job in Nigeria. Now all you need to do is simply search for the Total Nigeria recent jobs where you 're qualified for and wait until you hear back from the company. But, what happens in a situation that you don 't have experience from any of the oil companies in Nigeria? There are a lot of good men and women out there who have the work ethics, yet they can 't find jobs in Nigeria or oil companies who will hire them. "But I thought the oil companies were practically begging to have people work for them.” This is barely the reality for some job opportunities in Nigeria. While there are many entry level positions available in Total Oil Nigeria website, for example, well drillers and field experts. There are also a few numbers of slew jobs, such as engineers, architects chemists, and other services that should be filled as well. So while the oilfields do create the latest jobs in Nigeria, a great deal of them does require some kind of experience or professional degree to get. So where does that leave you in the search for Nigeria jobs?

NNPC was founded in 1977 to manage Nigeria’s interests in the oil and gas industry. Prior to this, the oil industry was run by the international oil companies (IOCs), restricting the state’s involvement to collection of production leases, exploration license fees and regulation. In 1971, Nigeria joined the OPEC, whose major requirement was that the oil industries in the member states were to be nationalized. On the heels of that came a nationalization program which required the Nigerian government to own 60% equity of all investments made in the economy. In line with this, the NNOC (Nigerian National Oil Company), a progenitor of the NNPC, was established to handle the country’s major stake in the oil industry with respect