Nomads Vs Aryans

Hindus were divided by their social status, called the caste system. This made Hindus fall under one of the varnas such as Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra and the Untouchables (Strayer, 150-168). Priests and teachers were classified as Brahmins, warriors and kings were Kshatriya, merchants and landowners were known as Vaishya, peasants and serfs were classified as Shudras, and those that didn’t have a place on the caste system were defined as the untouchables because they had no social status. Hindus were unable to change their position in the caste system, until after reincarnation (Strayer, 150-168). There are scriptures such as the sacred text, The Vedas, and it leads to the fact that Brahmins empowered and dominated the top of the caste system and played specific roles in the religious lives of the people even from the start of India’s influence. Hindus became adjusted with these scared texts and grew used to it. They learned to follow religious values and traditions to have a better after life.

The caste system initially served to maintain strict social boundaries between the invaders and the previous inhabitants. Through the generations, the origins of the caste system were forgotten and it became the general rule of a single society (University of Wyoming, 1997).

After the Neolithic Revolution people had the opportunity to settle as they pleased. This allowed for the development of civilizations. These civilizations had rulers, during the 18th century BCE Hammurabi was the King of Babylon. He ruled over ancient Mesopotamia and established a set of rules for his nation. Hammurabi claimed that Shamash, the god of heaven and earth, had given him these rules and the authority to carry them out. Hammurabi’s Code included two hundred and eighty-two laws that set a structure for the city-state of Mesopotamia. Family matters, property law, and even personal matters were ruled unfairly under Hammurabi’s Code.

India had a Caste system, with thousands of different casts, but at the very top were the Brahmins, and at the very bottom were the untouchables. This system eliminated the need for a very big

But eventually all good things must come to an end. After one hundred years of peace the city states dissolved again and they no longer were a major power after two thousand B.C.. Now, they were defenseless and open to attack so King Hammurabi of their northern rival Babylonia took over in the seventeen thousands B.C.. King Hammurabi called his new empire the Babylonian Empire. He created and ruled this empire from seventeen eighty seven B.C. to seventeen fifty B.C.He did this by conquering the city states of Sumer and lands far north.During his time period of rule he created roads which made travel easier so in turn this encouraged trade. Babylonians location made it a crossroad of trade so if caverns were making their way to Sumer or Assyria they would stop by the bazaars to trade things. All this trade made them very rich. Agriculture also made them very rich. King Hammurabi also made the beautiful city of Babylon the center of Babylonian, but his main accomplishment was his code or a organized list of laws. His code was made to settle conflicts in all areas of life. Now, keep in mind it was not fair because the punishment would depended on the rank of the victim and the lawbreaker.So if you were a commoner and you stole a slaves spoon you might have to return it and give the slave some money, but if it were a noble you stole the spoon from, you might get killed. Even if you broke the law by accident you would still have to pay the price.This code

The Human Record’s “The Judgements of Hammurabi” is a primary source that demonstrates Hammurabi’s code for Babylonian society on many issues, including property, marriage, and personal injury. Hammurabi starts the prologue explaining that Marduk, chief god of Babylon, allowed him to become “governor of men” and establish justice for the people. This lets the reader know that Hammurabi was the leader and why he created the laws that he did. Hammurabi’s code allowed for Babylonian justice to be based on the social status of the individuals within the society, which tells us that the people in this society were not treated equally.

By definition, use of force refers to the amounts of efforts that a police officer may need to use to compel an unwilling subject to comply. In general ideology, police officers should never exact more force than the required with the aim of controlling an incident, or when making an arrest as well as when protecting the public or their selves from some form of imminent danger (NIJ, 2012).

However what is force? Also how does it impact the community? Use of force is defined in 7 levels, and used in the

The Mesopotamian leader, Hammurabi, created a set of laws and punishments for those laws called the Code of Hammurabi. Included in the Code of Hammurabi is an introduction, where Hammurabi writes his justifications and reasoning for the laws and rules he established. In the introduction, he says he is supported by the gods and that he must, “bring about the rule of righteousness in the land…to further the wellbeing of mankind” (*). This justification is political propaganda that creates imagined order because the people under Hammurabi’s rule would believe that by breaking the laws, they are also betraying or going against wishes of their gods, so they are much more likely to obey and not question anything he says

Firstly, the caste system reflects the inequality of Indian society. Although religion in India is characterized by a diversity of religious beliefs and practices, majority of Indian population follow Hinduism. Therefore, the dominance of Hinduism beliefs is common in India. There is a belief in caste system, as Brood said, “a system of hierarchical social organization”1. Hindu society is divided into four main classes; the priestly class, the warrior and administrator class, the producer class who is farmers and merchants and the servant class. The remaining group of people who is “outcastes” is called “untouchables” or dalit. Brodd recognizes “dalits continue to suffer terrible oppression, especially in rural communities in India”. I still could not imagine how terrible this bottom class suffers until reading Max Bearak article. All sufferings of Rohith Vemula, from the hardships of growing up poor, interactions with society in caste to scholarship revoke and suicide, happened tragically because he was born in a dalit family. This is the

Our text book tells us that Aryans became dominant in north India. In Sanskrit text the Indo-Aryan developed the caste and the Brahman religion. The Brahman religion developed into Hinduism. (Beck et al.) India’s caste system there is 4 caste or social levels of people. At the top there is the Bhramin which are the priests and teachers. Second is the Kshatryia which are the leaders and warriors. Third is the Vaishya which are the merchants and landowners. Fourth is the Sundra which are commoners, peasants, and servants. Not considered in the caste system is the untouchables which are the outcasts. They held the lowest valued jobs such as street sweepers, latrine cleaners, and slaughter house workers. The caste system in India forbids people from mingling with other levels of castes. What caste level you were born into you were required to stay at that level. There was no

The caste system itself is a system of social stratification, based on two concepts, varna and jati. Varna

Vedic society was divided into four different classes, Brahmans, nobles, commoners and the serfs. These classes are part of the cosmic hierarchy and were based on purity. This gave way to the caste systems. Castes are arranged in the following order of the polarity of purity; Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas and the shudras. With a fifth group called the untouchables at the very bottom. They are the untouchables because they are the most impure. The caste of an individual cannot be removed. Each caste has strict rules on caste endogamy.

What are the four major castes? What implications does the caste system have for everyday life? How does the caste system relate to Hindu ideas of spiritual life? “The four major castes of Hindu society are; seers ( brahmins ), administrators ( kshatriyas ), artisans or farmers ( vaishyas ), and followers or servants ( shudras)”( Smith 56). Smith writes, religious leaders, teachers, artists, and philosophers are members of the first caste, brahmins, khatriyas, the second caste, first known as warriors are now managers. The tillers of the land, the makers of bricks, and the builders are part of the third caste, vaishyas. The fourth caste is made up of servants, those who will take care of the other castes’ needs (56)”. While I was working in India, summer of 2001 and there at the invitation of the richest family in India and staying at one of their compounds, some of my co-workers and I were playing snooker. A young boy walked into the room where we were playing. He stopped and talked to us for a few minutes before continuing to bed. Accompanied by a man of about twenty years old, the boy’s shudra, who had been the boy’s personal servant for ten or more years. The shudra’s purpose was to protect and serve his charge’s every need. Although there is inequality between castes, Smith denotes.“ within each caste, there is equality, opportunity, and social insurance ( 57)”. Although the text

            During the Vedic Age of Indian civilization, it is believed that after the collapse of the Indus Valley civilization some of the kinship groups and patriarchal families migrated into India.  As some within the Aryas tribe (light-skinned) entered into the Ganges Valley, they encountered a struggle with the Dasas tribe (dark-skinned) but managed to force the tribe into southern India.   The struggle between the tribes led to the development of the Varna class system.  Under this system, people were born