Non Hodgkin Lymphoma Research Paper

3. A 36 year-old man presents with fever, night sweats, weight loss, and a feeling of fullness in his abdomen. Subsequent lymph node biopsy reveals a diagnosis of non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL).

Hospitals are not the best places; no one wants to stay, but one was my favorite place for six months. People think of hospitals as some place to sit and wait for bad news. Brunswick hospital is the hospital I visited every day. It had plain white walls, red seats to sit in while waiting, and had a great staff. I was in sixth grade living life as any normal eleven year old. Life was a breeze. Then on February twenty-sixth, my whole world changed. My mother found out she had stage three Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. “Mom was going to die,” was the only thing running though my little scatter brain. She would not see my graduate or follow my dreams.

Scientists have found a number of risk factors that may influence the probability of someone getting Hodgkin’s disease, but it is still not clear how these factors increase the risk (4). For example, some researchers think that infections with the Epstein-Barr virus may sometimes cause damage to the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the B lymphocytes, which leads to the creation of Reed-Sternberg cells (4). DNA is the set of instructions sent to the genes that dictates cell functions. Some genes are responsible for controlling when cells grow, divide, and die (4). Genes that assist the cells ability to grow, divide, and stay alive are known as oncogenes (4). Genes that slow down cell division or cause cells to die at the proper

Cancer is defined as the disease caused by an uncontrollable division of abnormal cells in a part of the body. The particular cancer that I️ researched is Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) which is a type of cancer that begins in the cells of the lymph system. (Lymphoma) The lymph system is a part of the immune system. Lymph tissue is found all throughout the body; therefore, Lymphoma can begin from almost any part of the body since the major sites of lymph tissue are the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, thymus, digestive tract, and adenoids and tonsils. (What) “In most cases, it is not known what causes Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.” (Risk) Some risk factors of NHL are beyond our control such as age and gender but usually they are acquired rather than inherited. (Risk) NHL begins in white blood cells called lymphocytes. (What) There are two main types of lymphocytes: B lymphocytes ( B cells) and T lymphocytes (T cells). B cells normally create antibodies to

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is a type of cancer that starts in the lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, which is a part of the immune system. The cancer starts when cells in the body begin to grow out of control. Cells in almost any part of the body can become cancerous. There are two kinds of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma; Classic Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and

Lymphomas are considered malignant nodes. Studies have shown there are two different types of lymphomas; Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Both lymphomas are one in the same; the only difference being Non-Hodgkin’s disease first manifestation begins with a large, painless node. Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is categorized by malignant cells found in the lymph nodes. The first common sign is normally a localized lymph node found in the neck region (VanMeter& Huebert, 2014). Later, as the disease progresses it attacks the other nodes and organs via the lymphatic system. The manifestations that are accompanied by Hodgkin’s lymphoma are semi-large painless, but nontender node. Other, later signs and symptoms include frequent infections, due

Hodgkin lymphoma (Hodgkin disease) would be known as a type of disease called lymphoma, which is a cancer that starts inside white blood cells and are called lymphocytes. Hodgkin disease has treatments that can cure it but there are only a few medications that can do it. This disease has symptoms that can come in a lot of side affects.

There are many factors that facilitate in recognizing health-related symptoms. The book mentions, “when attention is directed toward the body, as by stress, neuroticism, or cues that suggest illness, symptoms are more likely to be detected” (Intro to Health Behaviors, pg.158). For example, they had an example about a guy who goes to the emergency room with his whole family for a sore throat. So, the doctors were wondering why this young man will bring his whole family to cure a sore throat. They come to find out that this young mans brother was diagnosed with hodgkins disease and the first symptom his brother had was a sore throat. Afountenly, his brother did not make it because his family decided to ignore the sore throat thinking that it

The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies Hodgkin disease into five types. The four types: nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity, lymphocyte depleted, and lymphocyte rich, are referred to as classic Hodgkin disease (Hodgkin's lymphoma). The

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma accounts for 40 to 50% of all lymphomas in children and adolescents. It represents approximately 6% of all malignancies in patients aged 0 to 19 years though Burkitt lymphoma comprises the large majority of primary paediatric gastrointestinal tract lymphomas. It is a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma that often presents at extranodal sites.

Researchers are still trying to understand the etiology of Hodgkin’s lymphoma.1 Researchers have identified certain risk factors that increase the chance of getting the disease. For example, infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) increases the risk of getting Hodgkin lymphoma; however, the overall risk of getting Hodgkin’s is still small even with a previous EBV infection. It is unclear what role EBV plays in the development of Hodgkin’s lymphoma since many people are infected with EBV each year but very few actually develop Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Moreover, one in three patients with Hodgkin’s have EBV in the malignant Reed- Sternberg cells, which are the cancer cells involved in Hodgkin disease. However, others with the disease have no evidence

Cancers arising from the lymph nodes or other sites of lymphoid tissue are broadly termed lymphomas. This group of diseases is divided into Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In both conditions, there is a replacement of normal lymphatic tissue by collections of abnormal lymphoma cells.

Stage 1: Hodgkin is discovered in only single lymph node part or lymphoid organ for example the thymus. Here cancer is located only in 1 area of an only organ outside the lymph system.

Leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma and myeloma are all types of blood cancer affecting the white blood cells, namely lymphoid or myeloid white blood cells or the plasma cells. In one research conducted in the Nurses’ Health Study, NHS, and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study HPFS, over a 22 years period, they found association between consuming aspartame and increased risk of the blood cancer. A large sample consisting of 77,218 women aged between 30-55 years old and 47,810 men within an age group of 40-75 years was taken. The average consumption of aspartame was calculated to be 114mg in HPFS and 102 mg in NHS. The results of the study prevailed a positive correlation between consuming diet soda and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and myeloma in men only. However, the risk ok leukemia increased for both men and women. (Schernhammer et.al. 2012) These results were examined and concluded with the reasoning of aspartame being a methyl ester which is broken down into toxic products inside our body. In another study, these products

Lymphoma of the skin has a role in Mitosis. Lymphoma happens when something wrong occurs inside the lymphocytes so they don’t complete correctly. According to Christina Riccardo, “The uncontrollable replicating of cells has no use so they end up just building up. Eventually, when the clump of cells invades a boundary of some sort of issue, the tumor becomes cancerous (Riccardo 3).” When we have mitosis we have checkpoints in the process to see if the cell is developing properly. When the cell does not go through the checkpoints they create cancerous cells. They keep replicating and the cancer cell rate gets bigger. This usually happens during metaphase because the chromosomes do not pair properly. Lymphoma could be caused by genetics through