Non-Impression Analysis

* How should classroom reading instruction practices best meet the needs of culturally and linguistically diverse students?

EDEE  400  –  Assignment  1   Literacy  in  schools  today  not  only  involves  teaching  students  to  read  and  write,   but  is  also  heavily  focused  on  giving  students  the  necessary  vocabulary  and  skills   to  understand  different  text  types  according  to  the  key  learning  areas  (KLAs)   they  are  undertaking.  While  traditional  ideas  of  literacy  often  ignored  the  diverse   needs  of  students,  contemporary  notions  of  literacy  are  constantly  evolving  in   response  to  changes  in  situational

Reading is boring, I hate reading. These are two common sentences that you hear before and after ELA class. This is because they are reading a book that is boring to them and they are not interested in that book. They are being forced to read rather than reading something that they will enjoy. This is why choice reading matters. Choice reading allows the student to be able to read what they want. This way reading becomes more of a hobby and less of a boring task to the student. Choice reading not only brings pleasure but it allows you to travel to faraway places, to imagine different world, to learn about different cultures and to learn about some of the top minds of history.

Lee & Schaller’s (1997) quantitative study examined the relationships between ELL students who demonstrated a level of proficiency compared to ELL students’ basic reading skills. The study (1997) tested two hypotheses to check reliability and validity; the hypotheses were examined from the following: (1) a foundation of language proficiency showed learners with below average levels in L2 proficiency showed little relationship between their L1 and L2 reading ability whereas learners with above average in L2 proficiency demonstrated a positive relationship between their L1 and L2 reading abilities.(b) The benefit of L2 proficiency was higher than the benefit of L1 reading ability in predicting L2 reading ability. In addition, Schaller & Lee’s (1997) study showed a correlation between the two hypotheses. For example, when L2 learners obtain previous knowledge from L1 experiences, their reading skills can potentially improve as information is

Being mindful of content really comes alongside knowing your readers well. Which students like to read about the army, kittens, etc. Our learners bring such a wealth of background knowledge to the classroom, it is critical that as teachers we tap into their interests in content and showcase those books to increase excitement and motivation.

This course has provided a window into the resources and strategies available to create rich instruction for diverse needs of all literacy learners. The media segments and virtual field experiences provided models of the strategies and activities being conducted in the classroom. This was very helpful in implementing my own versions of those lessons with my literacy learner and completing the literacy development study. I believe this course has prepared me to be a more efficient educator when teaching students of diverse reading abilities. I plan to continue using my newfound knowledge and skills to create an enriching learning environment for all students in my classroom.

So, what are the best types of instruction and assessment tools for teachers working with Ells? The journal article, titled “Culturally relevant texts and reading assessment for English Language Learners” by Ann E. Ebe a PhD. at Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, believes, that culturally relevant texts are an important key for teaching, and thus assessing ELLs per literacy comprehension (Ebe, 2010). Ebe believes that students who are English Language Learners have a higher level of comprehension when they are reading texts which are culturally relevant to them as opposed to reading texts that they have little cultural connection to (Ebe, 2010). Ebe’s research was focused on the belief that if ELLs are given texts which connect to them culturally, then they will improve their reading comprehension skills, because; they relate to a student’s background knowledge and thus enables the student to connect meaning to the information that is being presented (Ebe, 2010).

Student survey responses corresponded with the most expressed concerns of teachers. Of the 45 students surveyed (proficient and deficient learners in reading comprehension), all expressed that the vocabulary within a text is difficult and makes it hard to comprehend a reading. Furthermore, 73% of students said that language (the language used in the text and the format of a text) in historical or English readings were confusing. Finally, 86% of students said that most of what they read in class was boring and they found very little interest in the reading.

If I was a second-grade teacher preparing a lesson plan around reading comprehension, the ELA/ELD standards would influence the type of work I would have the students complete. After reviewing second grade standards, the students should be able to read, analyze, interpret, and understand the complexity of the English language. There are three primary premises; using English purposefully, interacting in meaningful ways, and understanding how English works. By using the standards, I would assess the student’s ability to read and interpret the text. The second-grade student should be able to give me details about stories they have read. In order to formally assess the students reading comprehension I would pick appropriate material that is suited

Nonfiction is easier to believe than fiction. It is likely that we find interest in what we read when the book is nonfiction rather than a fiction book. However, fiction helps you think more while processing the text you are trying to comprehend. Thoughts like, “what if this happened to me,” “How would I react,” tend to come up. I have learned more about East LA and how gang violence was, and is still a major issue. Literature influences change. If Luis didn’t encounter writing, or poetry he may still be involved in

Becoming literate opens the doors to more educational and employment opportunities. In our increasingly complex and rapidly changing technological world, it is essential that individuals

However, when kids have low self-esteem, they aren't strong readers and that can discourage them from wanting to read. But these type of books are a great way to promote literacy. Naturally, administrators do not want to give ESL or ELA students “picture books.” Kids would reject that and deem it embarrassing because that is how comic books were so generally perceived. However, a comic book at a lower reading level might give kids the reading confidence they need while boosting their reading and language skills. This is true even among a higher level of education or corporal business as explained in a graphic presentation of an empirical examination of the graphic novel

Furthermore, the National Research Council’s 2013 consensus reports highlight that students from diverse backgrounds are capable of engaging in meaningful learning experiences where they are given equitable learning opportunities as well as opportunities to demonstrate proficiency (National Research Council, 2013). However, the CMAS assessment has assessment task items that require students to demonstrate proficiency and ability in English Language Arts by ways of reading and writing in English (Pearson AccessNext, 2017). The test currently includes videos and images which is a step in the right direction to cater to the needs of emerging bilingual students. Harp & Mayer (1997, 1998) and Mayer, Heiser & Lonn (2001) suggest the use of illustrations is not a guarantee of better testing practices, because not all of them improve the understanding and they can also include irrelevant visual stimuli to text that hinders comprehension of information (as cited in Solano-Flores & Wang, 2011). Including not pertinent information is a good way to challenge students and encourage them to think critically about problem-solving. However, it is not appropriate or fair for an emerging bilingual students who is already thinking critically by taking the test in a language they are still acquiring.

According to the prompt, “Students in high school English classes in the United States can read texts that vary widely from school to school” (Prompt). In today’s world, different countries and nations vary in ways. However, one variation between countries that has came to notice, would be the fact that most nations have a defined national school curriculum, while other countries, such as the United States, do not (Prompt). This also means that students in countries other than the United States may all read the same books in high school, while students in the U.S. could read different texts in wide range from school to school (Prompt). The United States’s choice to not have a set English class reading curriculum for high schools has both, its advantages and disadvantages. Some individuals feel that this is positive because it creates diversity from classroom to classroom across the United States, while others feel that it is negative because having the same reading curriculum would ensure that students are gaining the same education and are reading material that is appropriate. However, high school English classes should not all have the same reading curriculum because it will limit the amount of opportunity for students, as well as it would exclude non popular and more recent pieces of writing.

I analyzed Facebook postings from a person B, who is my friend. I found the following theme on her Facebook which there were three pictures of the person B with her boyfriend, one when they were hugging each other and facing to the beach. The other two when they were eating in the restaurants. There were also a lot of pictures of food the person was eating, the place she was hanging out with her family and friends. I also found two images when she stayed at home. Besides that, there were four selfie photos when she was getting ready to go out. She called that were the check in pictures.