Non Indigenous People In Peru

First, this paper will talk about Peru’s history. Peru has a unique and rich heritage among the nations of the Southern content. Peru has this rich heritage for over 10,000 years, and is one of the most harsh and inhospitable environments in the world. Peru has an empire that spanned a third of the South American continent. Peru also surpassed many of the great empires in world history, and also established a historic division and became divided economically, socially, politically, and between a semi feudal (Peru Facts and Culture).

Mexico and Peru’s economic foundation was based of Commercial agriculture during colonial rule, as well as silver and Gold mining. This greatly shaped the kinds of societies that came to arise due to a very distinct social order in society. The social order accommodated the Indians, Africans, and any person that was racially mixed. This social order was quite similar to that of

Steven J. Stern’s text, Peru’s Indian Peoples and the Challenge of Spanish Conquest, highlights from beginning to end Spain’s conquest of the Andean people while articulating the transformation of the relationship between these two peoples. He illustrates how Spain’s efforts toward colonialism of the Andes, transformed the natives from a self-sufficient group of people into an oppressed caste system known as “Indians.” Additionally, he introduces the idea that the Spanish needed to break the indigenous and gain their favor in order successfully establish dominance over them and their land. While arguing this, he offers several facts, which contradict the black legend associated with the Spanish and their means of conquest.

In the late 1500’s Francisco Toledo, Spanish Viceroy of Peru, implemented many reforms centralizing the colonial government. He implemented regulations that grouped the natives into small settlements or villages, much like those seen in Europe, with grid like streets, a central plaza that faced the church, and a jail, etc. The Indians resisted these villages and many even fled. In the face of Indian resistance the Spanish authorities planned on using the Kurakas’ traditional power over the labor and goods of the Indigenous people to benefit the state by gaining control over these societies and using these goods and services of the natives as forms of payment to the state.

The purpose of this paper is to describe the explored cultural and social experiences of the Peruvian people in the United States. As the 11th-largest from the total Hispanic population in the United States, Peruvians warrant a cultural investigation (Ennis et al., 2011). Hispanic communities are increasing and their social differences are vast. One cannot consider cultural competence without surveying the multiple populations within the large Hispanic population in the United States.

When the Europeans first arrived in Latin America, they didn’t realize the immensity of their actions. As history has proven, the Europeans have imposed many things on the Latin American territory have had a long, devastating effect on the indigenous people. In the centuries after 1492, Europeans would control much of South America and impose a foreign culture upon the already established civilizations that existed before their arrival. These imposed ideas left the continent weak and resulted in the loss of culture, the dependence on European countries, and a long standing ethnic tension between natives and settlers which is evident even to this day. The indigenous people of South America, which

During colonial times, Central America was a place of hostility and unequal treatment to many of its indigenous people. War, starvation, cruelty, and death occurred occasionally due to the unfair treatment of many poor citizens during this time. The worst part about it is that not one, but many types of people and ethnic groups were subjugated to this mistreatment. Many groups such as the Mayans,, the poor, and even ordinary citizens underwent hardships in hope to barely survive the cruel world that they lived in. The exclusion of these people first began when Central America was first colonized.

The Spanish and the indigenous people of Latin America (for the effects of this paper, I will use the term “Indian” as the identifying term for them) were two antithetical cultures that did not know that the other existed throughout their history; when Christopher Columbus landed in the “New World” during his first voyage, it was the reencounter of two societies that have been living differently until that moment…conflict is bound to happen anywhere. Both civilizations have some differences in the sense that the Spanish concentrated their lives on being prosperous and individualism, yet the Indians lived to serve the stability of their society and their structure rather than the individual. The Spanish and the Indians were definitely antithetical in some aspects; however, many similarities between the two

Smith emphasized that Latin American republics has usually limited the recognition of territorial rights for Indigenous peoples to those populations that are defined by law as indigenous. This often leaves out and marginalizes large Indigenous populations catalogued as “peasant” or as “mestizo”. According to Smith, this idea leaves out two important outcomes of those debates that go hand in hand. One being that all human beings have the right to define for themselves

Race and gender have not only shaped the lives of people, but the history of colonial Latin America as well. The hierarchical system in colonial Latin America was that people of whiter skin enjoyed more privilege (white privilege as a category of whiteness) and more power than people of darker skin. In terms of gender, men were seen as superior to women. The issue of racism developed since colonial times, where people of darker skin were the ones who have been oppressed by people of lighter skin, one example of this was slavery. Interestingly, in colonial Latin America, one’s race and gender were not just based on skin color or on biological sex. Instead, colonial Latin Americans placed people into categories used different criteria, as either ‘man’ or ‘woman’ or ‘black’ or ‘white.’ These criteria ranged anything from where one was born, to one’s physical appearance, or even to the amount of money one was willing to pay to get to move up to a higher class. Essentially, race and gender came down to class in colonial Latin America. That meant that if you had more money the “whiter” you seemed and if you were a woman the more “feminine” you would be. Class is intertwined with race and gender and they informed one another. However, race and gender have created significant systems of power in Latin America by intersecting with its economic, political, and social projects. In particular, they have intersected with Brazil’s, Haiti’s, the Dominican Republic’s, Cuba’s, Puerto Rico’s

The notation of what is a nation has changed greatly over time in Latin America. Two groups that exemplifies that are the asian and indigenous population of Latin America. Both groups were categorized differently throughout time and from each other. Countries in Latin America brought the asian population as labor. This resulted in the asian workers being classified as solely foreign labor not a part of the nation. Later the asian population will be seen more as an outside group than true members of the country causing great tension between them and the “natives”. Most recently, the population has been more accepted due to their “mother country” becoming a world power. Similarly, the indigenous population notation of what a nation is has

A long time ago, way before cities and towns began to exist the world was nothing but an overgrowth of vast wilderness. Wilderness that made humans act as animals hunting, tracking, and following their next meals with no shelter to save them from the brutal mother nature but the pure land in which the lived on. This was a time when cultivation was unheard of and the only way to survive was through hunting and gathering. Through all of this a civilization began to rise and came to be known as the Incas. By the 15th Century A.D the Incas had become the largest and most powerful empire that South America had ever had.

The Nazca people lived in a number of local chiefdoms, or small villages, amid the dry coastal plains of Southern Peru. These villages were typically made up of nuclear families, a local chief, and religious centers. The Nazca society was male dominated. “Men held positions of authority including chief, shaman, warrior, trophy

Life in Peru is easy. They know a lot about their culture from the past. Citizens love their country. Most of them are Roman Catholic. Peru has more than 31 million citizens, it’s forming into one of the largest countries in South America.

For example, “Poor families were brought to the rainforest by the government. They were given free land and money to plant their first crops.” The government gave them what they needed to survive. This proves that the settlers should own the land because they wanted them to have a better life. For instance, the BBC news website stated, “They say they need education, not punishment if the government wants them to farm the land but protect the trees at the same time.” This shows that the settlers believe that the government should find a better solution instead of making rules. “the Peruvian Government implemented policies to encourage the migration of Andean “peasants” into “empty” rainforest areas. The policymakers did not consider or care about the impacts this migration could have on Amazonian indigenous peoples or their territories but rather saw the forest as empty: “land without people for people without a land” exemplifies that the settlers were being moved to the rainforest by the government. The most logical conclusion we can draw from this is that the land should belong to the settlers because the government moved the settlers and give them land in cleared out forest areas. They ordered them to get rid of some the forest if the space was going to be being needed. Some people feel that the settlers should have these rights taken away from them. But