Non Pharmacological Examples

Children often face various mental health issues when they are growing up. These issues include anxiety, trauma, depression and now even autistic children. Treating young children of these conditions has been a great challenge over time. Therapy can help give children the opportunity to express their feelings through play. According

Based on the information collected from the patient, the best time to start his smoking cessation treatment would be on mid April, a reasonable date after an event where more than likely there was going to be smoking involved by others, potentially affecting the patient. Mr. Salem passed quit attempts without professional guidance where the reason why he was not successful, therefore a combination of non-pharmacological with pharmacological therapy is recommended, as the literature has shown that combining both with changes in routines used to be done by the person helps to reduce triggers, fight and resist urges, cravings, and possible relapse.

Pain is different for everyone, because the brain “…[creates] its own selective picture; a picture largely determined by what is important for the survival and reproduction of the species” (Axel 234). In addition, because “[o]ur perceptions are not direct recordings of the world around us, rather, they are constructed internally according to innate rules” (Axel 234), classifying and treating pain for a large group of individuals is problematic. When attempting to address this issue, the question must be presented: is there a particular type of therapy which hospitals can use to reduce pain perception of patients, thus improving (or upholding) their physical

In a study by Fink, Stagitti, & Galvin (Fink, Stagitti, & Galvin, 2012), three male children with acquired brain injury were assessed on their abilities in pretend play situations. The three children were between the ages of three and six years of age. Each child had be diagnosed with acquired

Throughout high school, I volunteered at Cook Children’s Hospital, which has contributed to my passion for working with kids. One of the best parts of working within pediatrics is that you can be as creative as possible. I once observed a child who had a disease that caused him to have weakened muscle tone and decreased coordination, among other things. For one of his therapy sessions, the therapist set up an obstacle course where he had to crawl, climb, kick, and throw. For the kid it was a game, and we raced to see who could do it the fastest; for the therapist the crawling and climbing was strengthening his muscles, and the kicking and throwing was working on his coordination. In another pediatric clinic I observed at, we pretty much played games the whole time, and it was a lot of fun for everyone involved. However, each game would be working on some aspect of the child’s condition and working towards getting them better. We also worked with babies, which I especially enjoyed, but these weren’t always fun and games. We would have to turn babies with torticollis ways that they did not want to go, and it would usually be a session full of crying. Though making babies cry generally makes me sad, knowing that I am allowing these babies a better quality of life in the future makes it worth

FitihVictoria Pain is an obvious consequence of injuries and surgery, but it is also a common symptom of ill health. A complex experience, with many variables that can influence the patient experience and interpretation. The various factors include age, gender, culture influences, social class, personality and emotional factors such as anxiety, fear and depression which do not necessarily increase the patient’s pain experience, but will affect their reaction to it.

Medical play is a kind of therapeutic activity which the children use special themes and tools related to medical while they play. This can help the adult to observe the child's feelings and take the information that can support the children when dealing with their healthcare experience. There are three different type of play in healthcare setting. The first type is therapeutic play which helps in improving the healthy state of the child physically and psychologically and the study show that therapeutic play is effective in coping and improving the healthy state of the child. The second type is recreational play which commonly used to make the child happy and facilitate normalization. The third type is developmentally supportive

When I think about the word “play therapy”, I think of it as a tool or a way to help out another individual or child express their anxieties and conflicts through play in a therapeutic setting. In class, the introductory handout on “Playful Thoughts” was a useful way to capture moments from childhood that would emphasize either happy or unhappy play memories. From one of the questions in the handout, a moment I would never forget would be when I accidentally stapled my hand at the age of four, when I was trying to staple a couple of pages back to a coloring book. A couple of students in class discussed their experience; and their experiences were mixed, as in some described happier moments, while others discussed sadder moments. In class we

Pain management is an essential component to patient care and nursing procedures. Recognizing the detrimental effects of unrelieved pain, The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JACHO) has recommended standards of pain management, especially with regard to assessment, monitoring and treatment (Harsoor, 2011). Research shows pain too often goes untreated, undertreated, or poorly assessed. In some settings, it has been found that pain has gone undertreated in up to 80% of patients (Walid et al, 2008). Children, the elderly, cancer patients, and postoperative patients are all populations that are at an increased risk for pain and subsequently poor pain management. Pain has a significant effect on a person’s mental status,

However, the nature of play is a key ingredient, according to Brown, in assuring that play is therapeutic or addressing the traumatic event. On specification of this is the difference between structured (adult-directed) and non-structured (child-directed) play and the subsequent benefits of organic interactions in which the children are expressive and promote self-regulation, needed for healing.

Mathews, L. (2011). Pain in Children: Neglected, Unaddressed and Mismanaged. Indian Journal of Palliative Care, 17(Suppl), S70–S73.

It was conducted in order to gauge the effectiveness of play therapy. To analyze the data, hierarchical linear modeling was used. It was believed by the conductors of this study that all of the usable and available studies on the effectiveness of play therapy were generalized using an amalgamated meta-analysis. This meta-analysis was conducted on studies that focused on play therapy’s effect on children. Certain facts were discovered. When comparing play therapy outcomes to non-play therapy outcomes, the results for the difference in effectiveness between the two therapies were not significantly different. A variable that was considered was the number of sessions that each child had. It was discovered that the amount of therapy sessions had a curvilinear relationship on the effectiveness of the therapy session. This relationship was evident up to 30 therapy sessions and then from there it showed no difference in effect. The most effective number of play therapy sessions was 20. Having fewer sessions, such as 10, would result in negative outcome due to the child’s inability to resolve their unexpressed feelings. Other variables that are often considered by researchers and therapist as having effect but actually have no effect include age of the child, sex of the child, the training of the therapist, and the presenting of the

Using play, Child Life Specialists help children learn and understand their world. Play is also a great way for adults to see what children understand about the hospital experience. Child life specialists use medical play to determine a child understands of medical procedures. Allowing children to see, touch and play with commonly used equipment before the hospitalization experience provides children with an opportunity to familiarize them with unfamiliar equipment and reinforce teaching. Children who are prepared for medical procedures often experience less stress and cope better. Child Life Specialists can help to clear up any misconceptions of medical treatments that may come forth during

The proposed study will be a quantitative pilot randomized control trial design to determine the feasibility and acceptability of the interventions, methodology and evaluation methods, as well as provide data to facilitate a randomized control study (Feely, et al., 2009). The study will evaluate the effects of the intervention on nerve impulse transmission to the brain, described in the pain gate theory, through comparison of preschool children’s perception of pain and physiological response in children (Moayedi & Davis, 2013; Tansky & Lindberg, 2010). The comparison will evaluate if children who receive distraction, through nurse led singing, pain perception and response differs from children who receive basic intervention while receiving a intramuscular immunization (Moayedi & Davis, 2013; Tansky & Lindberg, 2010). The dependent variable will be defined as the self-report of pain through utilization of tools successful in evaluating pediatric pain: the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale and a Visual Analogue Scale (Garra, et al., 2010). A secondary outcome is defined as a change in pulse, respiration rate and blood pressure. Vital signs will be taken at three time intervals during immunization: five minutes prior,

One of the most pervasive issues in the delivery of healthcare is the proper management of patient pain. In surgical settings, pain is an unavoidable consequence but one that requires handling with great care as the unnecessary suffering of patient is legally and morally inappropriate. While pain