Non State Actors Essay

Although global actors can sometimes have considerable power over states, the extent of this power ultimately depends on the relative power and influence of the state in question. Large developed states, such as the US, are extremely powerful compared to most other global actors and are not often influenced by their actions. However, small and undeveloped states are not always completely powerless. To determine whether states are indeed the most powerful global actors, we must look at the relative powers of trans-national corporations (TNCs), non-government organisations (NGOs) and some of the institutions of global governance.

“Never again!” might be the only international promise U.S. has made globally. Unfortunately, we have broken that promise. Communities and leaders all over the world vowed never again would we let such atrocities like the Holocaust ever happen again. Easier said than done, the US sat back and watched the people of Cambodia, Rwanda, and Bosnia suffer in their own country. Their own leaders strip all of their civil liberties and puts all their lives in danger everyday. Millions and millions of people lose their loved ones, live their lives in terror, and are robbed of the human rights that we, as Americans, are blessed with. The US spends 700 billion on military spending, and we still have not used the power we have for good. We realize how important our freedom is to us, and it important we help other countries when in need.

1. List and explain the four main features and functions of constitutions. Be sure to associate your answers with specific models from countries explored in this course.

The evolution of U.S. Foreign policy following the Civil War is continually evolving. During the Civil War years, America had an economy that was based on agriculture. Farmers were growing cotton, tobacco and sugarcane. Slaves from Africa worked on these enormous plantations. . At the time, America was in an election year with Lincoln as the candidate of the Republican Party claiming he was going to abolish slavery. When Lincoln won the election he did just that, immediately there after 7 states declared their independence from the US, they were then known as Confederate States. After a few years 4 more states

The struggle between capitalism, national sovereignity, human rights, and environmental protectionism is a constant struggle. International Nongovernment Organzations (INGO) serve an important role in watching the process unfold. Unfortunately, the history of the world is filled with conflict and no one person or group has the answer as to the outcome.

Throughout the history of mankind, societies have tried to balance the relations between Individual and the State. The Constitution of India in its original un-amended form had deftly balanced individual right and the power of state, vis-à-vis, Right to Property. However, this was soon overwhelmed by the socialistic philosophy, and the right to property was relegated from a fundamental right to a mere legal right . This gave tenacity to the government 's acquisition of private property under the doctrine of eminent domain, for the greater good and development purposes. This doctrine of eminent domain is itself contended, as it raises the classical debate of power of State versus individual rights.

The National Policy was the initiative of MacDonald’s government. It was designed to secure the Canadian extension to the western territories for the future settlement and land exploration. The establishment of the NWMP coincided with the implementation of the policy and subsequently the first federal agency embraced a vast range of functions to assure its successful realization. At the beginning of their work the police gave the priority to the Aboriginal issue that included moving bands to the reserves and sustain peaceful relations with them. When this step was accomplished the safeguarding of the construction of the CPR, surveillance of the working personal with the purpose of riot prevention, detection of alcohol and prevention of disorder were assigned to the NWMP. Finally when the railroad was built and the flow of new settlers contributed to the rapid exploration and assimilation of new territories, the responsibilities of the police changed respectively. Beahen and Horral (1998) suggested that the NWMP functions of that period could be grouped into three general categories: protection of population from natural disasters and social disorder, performance

She emphasizes writings that surround social movements and the media, which are then studied within the conceptual/theoretical framework of political economy. Richardson goes on to analyze texts on Greenpeace and other NGO’s, particularly on what media tactics they use to push their ideas and gain recognition in the mainstream. In order to further explore her research questions, she conducted a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of media coverage on the Great Bear Rainforest from both the Globe and Mail and the Vancouver Sun from January 1, 1995 – January 1, 2007. In her analysis, she examined fifty-seven articles in order to study the way those protesting the logging of the Great Bear Rainforest were regarded in the media and if there was any common themes or developments in the ways the media reported on them. Through analyzing the news articles using the CDA methodology, the author can easily make connections within the political economy framework. CDA, a popular method used by researchers, can help to reveal the structures of domination in social relationships. Richardson looks at what can be learned from the achievements and shortcomings of the environmental movement and the ways in which they used the media to gain the support of the

Sovereignty Sovereignty refers to ultimate and absolute authority designated to either an individual or an institutional body. The term sovereignty could be contested due to the fact that there is no universally agreed definition. Thomas Hobbes defined what he considered the basis of a political body as 'the most high and perpetual.' (Hobbes, quoted in Heywood, 1997, p26.)

For many nations, it is essential to choose a system of organization that successfully and thoroughly meets the needs of all the people. While some countries have supported the idea of communism and strong government intervention in the economy, others have limited the role and power of their governing body in the marketplace. For instance, in the United States, the government has a small role in the planning and monitoring of their economy. Individuals compete heavily against one another to receive the maximum profit for themselves in an sufficient manner. The former USSR, on the other hand, used large amounts of government control to restrict competition and control the output and distribution of the goods

The first paradigm of international relations is the theory of Realism. Realism is focused on ideas of self-interest and the balance of power. Realism is also divided into two categories, classical realism and neo-realism. Famous political theorist, Hans Morgenthau was a classical realist who believed that national interest was based on three elements, balance of power, military force, and self interest (Kleinberg 2010, 32). He uses four levels of analysis to evaluate the power of a state. The first is that power and influence are not always the same thing. Influence means the ability to affect the decision of those who have the power to control outcomes and power is the ability to determine outcomes. An example of influence and power

The United Nations, with its rigid moral and political limitations against force, has become a benchmark of peace and a social achievement of modern times. From war torn Europe, the United Nations developed from five major powers with an initial goal to prevent the spread of warfare through peaceful means and to establish and maintain fundamental human rights. Through the past fifty years, this organization has broadened its horizons with auxiliary organizations from peace keeping missions to humanitarian aid, to economic development. However, in a modern example of ethnic cleansing, the UN faces new a new role as a bystander as its power is bypassed by NATO forces. The UN, however, promises to be an

Organizations play an indispensable role in complementing current system. The increasing awareness and heated discussions of environmental issues can be captured in the burgeoning civil society and large numbers of non-governmental organizations in China. However, the number of operating NGOs in China is quite hard to track because a huge number of NGOs remain unregistered as business entities or research institutions. State intends to control and monitor registered NGOs, but recent studies have shown the registration of NGOs in the state actually works in favor for both parties. For NGOs, they can gain legitimacy and sponsorship from the state. For the state, having a dynamic civil society and active parties of NGOs can greatly improve a state’s international image, and show its compliance with international norms. In addition, NGOs can help supplement government policies and stabilize society by taking social responsibilities.

All over the world, soldiers in the UN’s blue helmets or hats have risked their lives trying to stop wars. In 1988 they received one of the worlds highest honors, the Nobel Peace Prize. Canadians were proud, because their soldiers and aircrew had shared in almost every UN peacekeeping mission since 1948.

Business people today are more aware about the social and the environment impact of their business than in the past. They start taking into account activities in helping others and preserving the environment as a main part of their business model. Business is no longer solely aim for profit as they have much larger purpose than that. However, to achieve that purpose, the business people need the Government and NGOs to create strong synergy in achieving the desirable outcome.