Norovirus Research Paper

Hand, foot, and mouth are parts of human body have the highest change to get contagious infection. There are many viruses but Enterovirus groups, (most common is the coxsackie virus) is the main factor. These viruses can spread through direct contact from person to person especially with those have bad habits such as: unusually washed hands or surfaces contaminated with feces. An infected person’s saliva, stool, or respiratory secretions can transmit the infection.

Norovirus is a healthcare associated infection which can cause morbidity and mortality (Weber et al. 2010, pg. 25). Norovirus is spread through ingesting food or liquids that are contaminated with norovirus and also from touching or being in contact with objects and people who are contaminated with pathogens from norovirus (Weber et al. 2010, pg. 25). According to Weber et al. 2010 (pg. 26), approximately 20%-40% of hospital acquired infections are because of cross infections through the healthcare worker’s hands. A simple and effective solution to lowering the risk of spreading Reginald’s infection around the hospital is hand hygiene by healthcare workers and even visitors within the hospital

Coronavirus is along sides with Parvo its an infection that causes diarrhea. It invades the rapidly growing cells of the intestinal lining causing nausea, lack of appetite, vomiting and diarrhea. It is primarily a disease of puppies.

Nipah virus, Arena Virus and Francisella tularensis are bioterrorism agents. They work in various ways to harm the host. Francisella tularenis is considered a Tier 1 bioterrorism agent and Nipah virus is an overlap select agent that affects humans and agriculture both. They have been harmful in the past. Though, Nipah virus is a newer virus than the other two. This review will focus on their emergence, pathogenicity and symptoms of the diseases they cause.

The outbreak started on January 11th when almost 550 people became sick. 542 of the report people who became sick ate from El Toro in Tacoma. The other 22 people were infected from chain restaurants near by. These people have gotten sick from a WA-area norovirus with the Tacoma area. Residents of separate households began to send reports to the health department of possible food poisoning on January 5. All of these residents have recently eaten at the Tacoma restaurant. Everyone who has come forward has been treated. There is no incite if anyone have died.

The virus has received its name from its birth in Norwalk Ohio. It was responsible for a short term outbreak of gastroenteritis occurring in the students of Bronson elementary school in November of 1968. It wasn’t until 1972 the virus was examined and received its name as the Norwalk virus. Since its known birth, there have been many outbreaks with similar symptoms reported. It is believed the virus may belong to the family Caliciviridae. The Norwalk virus is actually part of a group of single-stranded RNA, non-enveloped viruses. Once a person is infected with the virus it begins to copy itself within small intestines. The symptoms would develop between 12 and 48 hours and tend to last 1-3 days.

The Norwalk virus is part of a group called the Noroviruses and caliciruses. It is known to cause gastroenteritis, infection within food, food poisoning, and even the short lived nonbacterial gastroenteritis. It can spread from contaminated water and infected foods. It can even spread anywhere, even on a cruise ship. A pleasant vacation may have some passengers choosing to jump ship, if the Norwalk virus is a passenger on board.

What is the Norovirus? It is a acute gastroenteritis that is highly contagious and can affect anyone of any age (CDC.gov). Basically, a relative of the stomach flu. It can be seen anywhere, but it is most commonly found on a Cruise ship because it can spread quickly in the tight spaces. It is also called the Norwalk virus, mainly because it was first identified as the cause of an outbreak at a school in Norwalk, Ohio (Disabilitytravel.com). There is no known cure, only certain treatments to relieve the symptoms that come with it (Disabilitytravel.com). It has been seen often in the media over the past few years that it is scaring people away from cruising, thinking if they cruise, they will get sick. This is a disease that has made cruise line companies cut

span of a winter with in the United States alone? (CDC, 2105) This same illness has around 3,000 people admitted into british hospitals yearly. (CDC, 2105) Norwalk virus, also called Norovirus after the renaming in 2002, is the most common stomach bug but is still very dangerous. This virus has killed more than 200,000 children in developing countries and affects so many people within one winter, which is why the Norwalk virus is called the Winter Vomiting Illness. (food safety, 2105) The Norwalk virus is very preventable, but can do damage.

Noroviruses are the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans, and affect people of all ages. Norovirus infection is characterised by nausea, forceful vomiting, watery diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and in some cases, loss of taste. General lethargy, weakness, muscle aches, headache, and low-grade fever may occur. The disease is usually self-limiting,

Norovirus is a highly contagious virus and being infected with one type of norovirus does not protect against infection from other types. The virus is usually spread by the fecal-oral route through contaminated food or water or person-to-person contact. It may also spread via contaminated surfaces

Human norovirues (HuNoVs) are highly contagious and cause gastrointestinal illnesses in humans. This virus rapidly spreads amongst people through feces or the consumption of contaminated food or water, causing strain on the economy due to health care costs and the loss of productivity by infected workers. Healthy adults were studied, to prove the hypothesis regarding the replication of noroviruses in different environments. Tests were done to demonstrate that human intestinal enteroids (HIE), the group of cultures that compromise the inner surfaces the small and large intestine, do support HuNoV growth. The positive results of these tests suggests that HuNoVs do not require bacteria for infection. Further studies conclude that HuNoVs are able

It was indeed a great pleasure to read your interpretation of the Norovirus in Vermont. I would like to share my point of view as it relates to the similarities and differences from the outbreak of Norovirus in Vermont to the outbreak of Botulism in Argentina.

This paper presents the principles of infection control and management of Norovirus outbreak in an aged-care facility. Firstly, a scenario of the case is provided. Also, a brief description of Norovirus and the current trend in Australia is illustrated. It is followed by the three important issues to be addressed relevant to the case: (1) transmission of Norovirus in a nursing home, (2) important precautions to limit the spread of the infection, and (3) special nursing requirements of the elderly patients. In order to manage the outbreak effectively, this paper will assert the importance of rapid detection of outbreak and implementation of good infection control protocol. Furthermore, this paper will also promote the quality of residents

The organism for Norovirus is Viral gastroenteritis. Which causes inflammation of the stomach and small intestines making you vomit and have diarrhea.