Nanocrystalline Materials Lab Report

As more electrons are added the distance will increase which cause atomic radius to change.

Semiconductor Nano crystals or quantum dots are materials that are typically 2-20 nm in diameter, consisting of approximately twelve to fourteen thousand atoms. The effect of quantum confinement results, in the electrons and holes in the Nano crystal to exhibit quantized energy states; thus enabling them to exhibit novel physical properties that are not found in their bulk counterparts. Research in semiconductor quantum dots started with the realization that the optical and electronic properties of these particles were strongly dependent on particle size, due to quantum confinement of the charge carriers in small spaces.

The higher the gap band energy, the lower the conductivity. The energy (Eg) of cadmium sulfide calculated was 3.92×10-19J which corresponds to 2.45 eV.

Goal: Synthesize Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) Quantum Dot Crystals using Cadmium Oxide (CdO) and Selenium (Se) dissolved in Triphenylphosphine solution. The product created will be a colloidal solution, bound to the exterior of the crystal lattice and it remains soluble in the octadecene (Boatman & Nordell). Along with this the product will most likely vary in color as well due to the changes in wavelength, energy and transitions, that all correspond to a smaller crystal. The variations in particle size will prove to be an important feature in the experiment, so the goal is to use diverse size particles. The crystals are created in a solution in which they cannot be filtered out since they do not settle.

Nanoparticles (1 000 000 times smaller than a millimetre) are manifesting to be a great success in nanomedicine’s discovery of supplementary methods of fighting against superbugs. At the University of Colorado, researchers have utilized nanoscale quantum dots, which are “miniscule semiconductor particles with specific light-absorption properties, to kill drug-resistant superbugs without harming the surrounding healthy tissue,” (Nagpal, 2017: para. 2). Nanoscale quantum dots that are activated by a light source perturb the balance of chemical processes in threatening bacteria that would kill them.

General Chemistry Lab: Lab report For the materials list and procedure, see attached. The purpose of this lab is to understand the difference between chemical and physical changes and apply the knowledge to different labs to figure out what the change is whether it be physical or chemical. Practicing lab safety, goggles taking precautions with hot materials, etc. For each of all six of the experiments it was concluded for each one whether or not it was chemical or physical, for the first lab, copper sulfate and water were mixed , the mixture was then left to dry and formed larger, glass-like crystals, this was concluded as a physical change because there was no change in molecular structure to make it a chemical change.

The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles that have been identified as important factors in uptake and toxicity include crystal structure, size, surface charge, surface energy, and chemical composition [14].

Luminescence Nano Particles are essential tools in scientific and biomedical industries. Rare earth lanthanides Eu, Gd, Tm, Tb, Er, Nd, and Yb ions materials have great optical quality, relatively high yield of luminescence, and plasmonic studies can be applied due to optical effects observed in their structure (1). Lanthanides have spectroscopic features and their absorption and emission bands are narrow and the energies of their electronic transitions are dependent on material quality(1). The luminescence dissymmetry factor formula (gIum =IL-IR.5(IL+IR) where IL and IR are the left and right polarized emission intensities and glum=2+ means complete polarization of emitted light and glum=0 means polarized beams. Lanthanides complexes shows

The goal of nanotechnology is to make nanostructures or nano arrays with special properties, which do not exist in their bulk or single particle types. Oxide nanoparticles can present unique physical and chemical properties, because of their limited size and a high density in their corner or edge surface sites (Fernandez-Garcia & Rodriguez 2009; Bhattacharjee et al. 2011).

Silver nitrate AgNO3 (≥99.0%) and PVP (Average molecular weight ~55,000) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Ethylene glycol (EG) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) were purchased from Merck specialities Pvt Ltd. All the chemicals were used as received without any purification. We synthesized silver nanocubes (Ag NCs) by a typical polyol method. In a typical synthesis, 12.5 mL of ethylene glycol was poured in 50 mL of round bottom flask and heated at 140°C for 1 h under stirring. An amount of 2.5 mL of HCl solution (3.3mM in EG) was quickly injected into the reaction mixture. After 10 min, 7.5 mL of AgNO3 solution (94mM in EG) and 7.5 mL of PVP (147mM in EG) solutions were simultaneously injected into the stirring solution. The reaction mixture was

First off, what is a periodic table? A periodic table is a table of chemical elements, which are arranged according to their atomic number, as well as other similarities. When you look at a periodic table for the first time, it can be overwhelming to see all of the elements. Once you take a closer look, you notice that they are arranged in certain groups. As stated in the lab website, each of the groups has a number (1-18) associated with it. Each of the elements all contains their names, the number of elections they have, and their atomic mass. For example, a really commonly known element is Hydrogen. Hydrogen contains one election and its atomic mass is 1.008.

Silver nanoparticles were synthesised using a simple method described by Hiramatsu [Hir01]. For the

Nanotechnology is a novel technology what generally deals with structures and systems with a size less than 100nm. [1] Due to its unique tiny size, the properties are quite different from bulk properties include physical properties, chemistry properties, biological properties. For example, gold in bulk form is inert, but in nano scale, it tends to be very active. Moreover, different sizes, structures, and surface areas of gold nanoparticles make it exhibit different colors.

This book by Hornyak and partners brings into perspective an integrated introduction to the nanoscience and its applications. The book further presents illustrations in full color regarding nanotechnology. From these illustrations, I will be developing a detailed understanding of the fundamentals of nanotechnology. I will also be acquiring knowledge on the different aspects of nanotechnology including chemistry, physics, and biology. The authors also discuss the impacts of nanotechnology on the society, which is also an important part of my paper. I will be gathering information on industrial concerns associated with nanotechnology in manufacturing and safety. This will broaden my discussion to a better-informed approach in explaining implications of nanotechnology in the modern

A description of the electronic band structure of graphene involves applying the tight-binding model, considering nearest- and next-nearest neighbor interactions. Because of the hexagonal structure of graphene the resulting bands touch in six points, two of which (the K points) are unique and are backed by