Nowadays The Study Of Emotion Is One Of The Most Complex

Alternatively Hadley (1995) puts forward the view that contrary to popular belief, anxiety actually arises out of thoughts of potential danger and not the actual danger that produces the symptoms of anxiety. In support of this view the document by Chrysalis states that “feelings of anxiety come from apprehension or fear, the source of which is not always recognisable”. Feeling anxious at certain times in our life is a normal instinctual response that serves as a protection to aid survival. It teaches us to avoid dangerous situations and in this way is a learning process however the subconscious can sometimes work overtime resulting in response to all situations that feel remotely similar to the one that has made us feel anxious in the first instance (Chrysalis 2010 1-5 pp7). This document describes how anxiety will affect our whole being, our emotions, our behaviour and our physical health. Anxiety becomes a problem when its level rises above normal and interfere with a person’s life, associated physical symptoms include, trembling, tense muscles, churning stomach, nausea, diarrhoea, headache, heart palpitations, pins and needles, sweating or flushing (Chrysalis 2010 1-5 pp7). These feelings coupled with the physical symptoms experienced make a person want

| A. Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation) about two (or more) domains of activities or events (for example, domains like family, health, finances, and school/work difficulties)B. The excessive anxiety and worry occur on more days than not for three months or more (APA, 2000) Examination of Classifications and SymptomsC. The anxiety and worry are associated with one or more of the following symptoms: 1. Restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge2. Being easily fatigued3. Difficulty concentrating or

There is anxiety that is only situational, state anxiety, and anxiety that is general, trait anxiety. Researchers in this study wanted to know if state and trait anxiety could calculate a correlation coefficient with the emotional stroop. They also wanted to identify whether trait or state anxiety would have a stronger association with performance on the emotional stroop. Researchers hypothesized that both state and trait anxiety would be able to be calculated with a strong, positive correlation coefficient and that state anxiety would have a stronger association with performance on the emotional stroop.

Stress is one of the biggest reasons as to why anxiety is often created. Stressors include almost anything imaginable and due to this reason, the amount of anxiousness that one has will differ accordingly. An article written by B. Kent Houston titled Anxiety, Defensiveness, and Differential Predictions of Performance in Stress and Non-stress Conditions explains of the differences in defense that we have between anxiety. His article shows us that there is a difference in anxiousness between non stress situations and stressful situations, and this relates to my life by showing me that the amount of anxiety that I experienced during my calculus class was normal due to the amount of stress if caused me(Houston, 1971). His article talks about the different ways at which defensiveness was measured, for example the MMPI Denial scale by Little & Fisher , and how the different techniques in measuring affected the results of the test, which was a test to indicate the amount of anxiety that was related to non-stress and stress related incidents(Houston, 1971). His article is related to my life experience as this article showed me that by looking at his data collected, one becomes more anxious in a stressful event compared to a non-stressful event(Houston,

Cognitive psychologists have put out an array of research on anxiety and attention, but the idea that anxious individuals show an attentional bias to threatening stimuli has been the stepping-stone for further research in the area. With this acting as the base of all other questions among the subject, researchers have presented studies trying to get to the bottom of the issue. Elaine Fox is one of many who have taken on this issue. However, in Attentional Bias in Anxiety: Selective or Not?, Fox has questioned whether the attentional bias that previous studies have proposed is actually a selective attention process, or a participants “inability to maintain attentional focus,” (Fox 1993). This question is important when evaluating what attentional processes are involved and disrupted in anxious individuals.

tested with reading words too. The results for both studies concluded that anxious adults and

Fairly recently, there has been a link of spatial attention to social anxiety. Over the past two decades there has been seen an exponential popularity in pinpointing the exact attentional mechanisms which underlie such selective processing in models of anxiety(Clarke et al 2013). There are several different models of anxiety processing, however in this paper only the cognitive model of anxiety will be used. This model will be used because it uses both automatic and controlled processes that disrupts the cognitive economy to induces a state of anxiety. The model also gives an insight on the response on the physiological and behavioral changes that take place while undergoing the process of anxiety (Beck & Clark (1996)). In the past there has been two primary theories of how deficiencies of spatial attention that indirectly affect social anxiety; the interhemispheric competition theory and “hemispatial” theory. After recognizing the location and the where and how of anxiety the question comes down to how do individuals fix their anxiety?According to Vytel et al 2013, the higher the workload the lower the performance when introduced to anxiety causing stimuli, creating another issue about improving performance when involved with anxiety.A solution to this presented by Spzak et al (2015) it is the removal of what is called the attentional withdrawal, that allows the subject to focus on the

Anxiety is a normal biological response that individuals experience in presence of danger. A certain amount of anxiety is essential; however, if an individual is continuously worrying about an uncontrollable matter, it causes the body to react as if perceiving threat. Consequently, despite not being in danger, the body reacts in a similar manner. This concept is recognized as general anxiety disorder. The feelings of anxiety are often physically draining, potentially leading to negatively impacting one’s quality of life (Anxiety BC, 2007-2016). To symbolize this concept, a picture was selected to encompass the cognitive, behavioural and personal components of anxiety (See Appendix).

Trait anxiety is a vulnerability that has contributed to anxiety in women. One study measured trait anxiety and decision-making of healthy men and women (DeVisser, 2010). In men in the low and high anxiety, groups displayed impaired decision-making compare to medium anxiety individuals. However, in women those with poor anxiety performed low. In the exploration phase of the study only men had anxiety affected decision-making but on the exploitation phase only the women had anxiety affected decision-making. In women, their decision-making was change at the level of cognitive control (DeVisser, 2010). This leads us to stress factors that might help shed light on why women are more subject to anxiety is

The points of view that I see in my sources vary widely. For instance, according to Andrews & Wilding (2004) anxiety actually plays no role in the test performance by students. Whereas, in an article by Blood (2015) she discusses the percent of students who are worried that test anxiety is affecting their grades, and how they deal with it, rather than discussing the effects anxiety actually has on grades. I did discover a flaw of logic in this article, not necessarily with the writing or her way of thinking, more-so with the students’ way of thinking. She claims that students are worried if they don’t

Anxiety is termed as a number of complicated negative thoughts such as fear, worryness, and apprehension. Individuals are capable to sense and feel the presence of anxiety in numerous situations connected to their culture and community. In addition, scholars attempted to find out the nature of anxiety from different perspectives. Spielberger and Rickman (1990) read about anxiety, depending on the famous psychologist Sigmund Freud, saying that anxiety is a nasty sensational state that is followed by the worriness and apprehension. However, too many authors have studied anxiety in regard to psychological or personal theory to learning and perceiving (Spielberg, 1966 a).in the beginning of the 1960s, the two ideas which are the state of being anxious and trait, were introduced by the two authors (ahell and scheier 1961) . The features of the anxiety condition are closely

Hayes, S., Hirsch, C., & Mathews, A. (2008). Restriction of working memory capacity during worry. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117(3), 712–717. doi:10.1037/a0012908

MacIntyre and Gardner (1989) have demonstrated cognitive effects of anxiety. They emphasized the negative effects of anxiety in short and long term memory and how it causes limited vocabulary learning, and reduce the performance on reading, listening and standardized tests. Horwitz (1991) pointed out that, in terms of language skills, students who have a high level of foreign language anxiety tend to have poor language learning and achievement. Similarly, Aido (1994), Ying (1993), Saito & Sammiy (1996) have all reported that there might be a repetitive cause and effect relationship between language anxiety and language

Anxiety is defined as a condition, or unpleasant emotional state that involves feelings of worry, tension and apprehension (Bekker et al, 2003). To attempt to discover the causes of anxiety, and what areas of the brain are involved, Jeffrey Grays Behavioural Inhibition System (1982) will be discussed. Following this, further exploration of these beliefs by Carver and White (1994) will be explored. In addition to these, it is also suggested that anxiety is correlated to hippocampus and amygdala formation and volume, therefore, this idea will also be explored, other factors that may influence anxiety will also be discussed in order to consider other potential causes and consequences of anxiety. After review and consideration of this evidence, the question “To what extent can individual differences in anxiety be explained by variation in the “Behavioural Inhibition System” will be explained.

The complexities of human emotion and psychology are an age-old discussion, dating as far back as the musings of Plato in 400 BC. Much of psychology pivoted around philosophical concepts until the mid-1800s, when the field was advanced by the works of Darwin, Wundt, and Pavlov. It was during this era that the writings of an American psychologist by the name of William James became prominent, catalyzing the transition from structuralism to the model of psychological functionalism, and sparking the fields of pragmatism and radical empiricism. Amid a flurry of works promoting these topics—functionalism in particular—one piece is sometimes forgotten, despite