Nt1310 Unit 7 Payback Analysis

Data objects can model relational data or advanced data types such as graphics, movies, and audio. Smalltalk, C++, Java, and others are objects used in object-oriented data. The object-relational is a combination of relational and object-oriented databases. Traditional and advanced data types can be used to construct database management systems. These systems can connect to a company’s website and update records as needed. Database Approach The main purpose of a database is data storage that can be stored and retrieved when needed. A popular common language called structured query language (SQL) is used to store and retrieve data in relational database. This language enables the systems to run a report or modify data or remove the data from the database. A database management system (DBMS) controls all aspects of a database, this is not limited to the creation, maintenance, and use of database. The DBMS ensures proper applications are able to access the database. An important purpose of a DBMS is to maintain the data definitions (data dictionary) for all the data elements in the database. It also enforces data integrity and security measures. Data Models Data models provide a contextual framework and graphical representation that aid in the definition of data elements. In a relational database, the data model lays the foundation for the database and identifies important entities,

The payback period looks at a project only until the costs have been recovered. This analysis tool is often ignored because it does not take into consideration the time value of money. The time value of money limitation of the payback period can be modified by using the discounted cash flows of a project for the analysis of when the outflows will be recovered.

The data structure represents the logical relationships between data elements. In addition the data also determines the organizational structure, access methods, and alternative processing assosiativitas level for information.

The conceptual model will have all of the attributes from the students as well as the instructors. It will also have the all of the constraints. This model will have software and hardware independency. At this level any changes to the database management system will not affect this model. The physical model will take all the information that comes from the conceptual model and describe it so that it can be saved and stored. This model will need to know the physical storage device and access method so that it can reach the information stored in the devices. The physical model, not like the conceptual, will be both software and hardware

Logical and physical models represent the key elements and processes of the software development. The logical model describes the processes, and data, in as much detail as possible, without giving regard to how the system will be implemented. Logical data models include

Big Data is an expansive phrase for data sets so called big, large or complex that they are very difficult to process using traditional data processing applications. Challenges include analysis, capture, curation, search, sharing, storage, transfer, visualization, and information privacy. In common usage, the term big data has largely come to refer simply to the use of predictive analytics. Big data is a set of techniques and technologies that need or require new forms of integration to expose large invisible values from large datasets that are diverse, complex, and of a massive scale. When big data is effectively and efficiently captured, processed, and analyzed, companies

An enterprise data model presents an abstraction of a more complicated real-world event or object. Generally, a data is graphical simple representation, of an interconnected real organization’s data structures. The main function of the data model is to help in understanding the complexities of a particular organization. A data model within a database environment brings out the data structures, their transformations, constraints, relations, and characteristics, thus providing a blueprint of

The database design process consists of a number of steps listed below. We will focus mainly on step 2, the conceptual database design, and the models used during this step.

Big data is an extensive collection of structured and unstructured data. It is a modern day technology which is applied to store, manage and analyze data that are not possible to manage, store and analyze by using the commonly used software or tools. Since all of our daily tasks are overtaken by the modern technologies and all the businesses and organizations are using internet system to operate, the production of data has increased significantly in past

Presence of big data is a very common phenomenon now days, specially when talking about medium to large size corporation. Manyika et al., in their article (James Manyika, 2011) defined the term big data as “large pools of data that can be captured, communicated, aggregated, stored, and analyzed”. To clarify they suggested that big data refers to data, whose size makes it impossible to be processed by the typical software used for database management. Gartner (Gartner, 2012)defined big data in terms of its characteristics of high volume, high velocity and high variety. By volume, he referred to the size of the data, by velocity he referred to the speed at which the data is created and by variety he referred to the range of types of data.

There are several notations for data modeling. The actual model is frequently called "Entity relationship model", because it depicts data in terms of the entities and relationships described in the data.

period (based on operating schedules and budgets) in terms of materials used, labor cost, and overhead cost, and then determining how much of this production, if any, was used to build up

Costing systems are the programs that supply information about the value of direct labor hours and numbers of units produced. With the help of data such as product cost, the managers can generate estimation of cost associated with different activity carried in the organization. The costs systems operate by taking total cost as basic for calculation. Costing is essential for every organization, as every manufacturing and other department has to be assigned accurate budget for proper operation (Hansen, Mowen and Guan, 2006).

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Payback period is a method that estimates the amount of time required for the cash flows generated by the investment to repay the cost of the investment. This analysis provides insight into