Nuclear Physics Essay

This idea came from the findings of Democritus. His second conclusion was that all atoms of one type have the same mass and properties. Along with this point, Dalton understood atoms of different types had different masses and properties. Dalton’s fourth point consisted of the fact that chemical reactions do not create, change, or destroy elements, they are only rearranged in these reactions. The final point of Dalton’s theory was when different elements combine, they do so in some ratio of whole numbers. John Dalton was able to find mass numbers for twenty one different elements. The Law of Mass Conservation, created by Antoine Lavoisier, was supporting evidence to Dalton’s atomic theory. Next, J. J. Thompson contributed ideas to the existing theory. In 1898 he used a cathode ray and discharge tube to aid in the discovery of electrons. The electron has an antimatter counterpart. This counterpart is known as the positron, positrons have the same mass as electrons. J.J. Thompson was able to determine the existence of a + particle . He also founded the plum pudding model , this model showed negative particles scattered around a positive

The identity of each element is defined by the number of protons in its nucleus

1. Predict: Positively charged protons in the nucleus of an atom are attracted to negatively charged electrons.

Beta: this is a fast moving electron and has a negative charge. It has small mas and travels future but isn’t blocked by the air.

Protons, neutrons and electrons are different from one another; they have their properties and/or characteristics.

In the nucleus of an atom there are protons and neutrons the number of protons and neutrons depends on the element and ,if it is an isotope of that element. E.g. carbon 12, carbon 12 has six neutrons six protons and 6 electrons . Electrons are located around the nucleus of the atom. Electrons are in shells, the shell closest to the nucleus is 1 , the one after 2 and so on. Each shell can only hold up to a certain number of electrons . the first can hold up to 2 , the second 8 (2+6) the third up to 18 (2+6+10). The general formula for finding out how many electrons a shell can hold is 2n^2. Electrons have a negative charge , while protons have a positive and neutrons have no charge. A atom has the same number of protons and electrons. An ion is formed when an atom loses or gains a electrons .

The element I’m doing research on is Neon. Neon is usually used for advertising. For example, the Las Vegas sign uses neon so it can have a bright light or shine in the dark. The element’s chemical symbol on the periodic table is ‘Ne.’ It’s really easy to spot the symbol on the periodic table since it uses the first two letters in the actual word, Neon. The atomic number is shown above the element’s symbol on the periodic table. The number represents how many protons and neutrons it has. In this element, the number is 10, which means there’s 10 protons and neutrons. The atomic mass tells us the mass of the atom, for neon the mass is 20.180. In the periodic table, the mass is usually located underneath the chemical symbol. For each atom, every

Strontium-90 is a pure β emitter, produced in nuclear fission of (235U and 239Pu fission reaction). When an atom of uranium-235 (or other fissile nuclide) fissions, usually splits asymmetric into two large fragments – fission products possessing mass

Elements with atomic numbers greater than iron’s atomic number form during the formation of a supernovae, also known as a mini-bang. The process begins when a massive star has depleted its supply of magnesium and silicon, and only has a bare iron ore remaining. Now, the star no longer has the energy to maintain its immense mass against the force of gravity, and as a result, the entire star collapses. This process fuses together electrons and protons in the core, which forms neutrons. After neutrons build up in the ore, the star recoils in the form of an explosion. During the explosion, the neutrons attach to iron atoms in the ore, and begin converting back to protons and electrons. As a result, iron atoms are able to become different elements with greater atomic numbers.

Alpha, beta and gamma come from nuclear of an atom and they called radioactive, because it gives off radiation. These radiations absorb by different thickness of materials such as: Alpha radiation only travel few centimetre in the air, beta radiation travels tens centimetre in the air however gamma travel many meter in the air. If the substance is thicker, the more radiation it will absorbed.

Elements on the periodic table that are highly radioactive a brought together to create an explosion. Scientists use equations such as E=mc2 and Md=(mn+mp)−mo to calculate the binding energy. According to Einstein's formula, and that the gigantic conversion factor c2 is responsible for the immense power of such weapons. Whenever a system has an energy E, it automatically has the relativistic mass m=E/c2; this also applies when a system has the mass m, assign it an energy E=mc2. Once the mass is known, so is the energy, and vice versa.

they differ in the number of neutrons in each atom, the atomic mass, & their nuclear stability

Chemical elements can exist in different types which are called isotopes. Isotopes have protons, electrons and neutrons. Isotopes have the same number of protons and neutrons but different number of neutrons. There are many forms of isotopes such as radioactive isotopes. A radioactive isotope can be artificially created and naturally created, radioactive isotopes are chemical elements having an unstable nucleus which decays. Alpha, beta or gamma rays are emitted until the isotope is stable. Stable form of an isotope is nonradioactive. In the 1930s Glenn T.Seaborg and his coworker original discovered the radioactive isotope Cesium 137. Isotopes may or may not be radioactive, Cesium 137 is a radioactive isotope, only elements with an unstable

Nuclear fission starts off with an atom, the building blocks of matter. When an atom has an unstable nuclei, it is classified as a radioactive isotope. To further explain, a radioactive isotope are several atoms of the same element with different masses whose unstable nuclei splits and spontaneously releases radiation. In the process of

Cobalt decays to form Nickel-60. As it decomposes, it releases gamma radiation. Beta particles also occur when Carbon-60 decays (4). The nuclear