Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenze Essay

at that temperature, there was the most amount of catalase activity. On the pH graph, the

CHE 133 Experiment 3, General Chemistry II Lab, Spring Quarter 2014-2015, DePaul University. [Online] https://www.d2l.depaul.edu (accessed April 25, 2015)

The signals labeled as “A” at 2.01ppm should be a singlet since it is next the ester group and has no neighbor. Two overlapping signals labeled as “D&E” have 3 and 5 neighbors, respectively. The signals are multiplet overlapping each other between 1.6 to 1.30 ppm. A doublet was seen in the spectrum at 1.18ppm labeled as “C” since the protons are on the carbon that attached to the tertiary carbon, which locates next to the ester group labeled as “B” and has one proton. Lastly, a triplet labeled “F” was seen at 0.90ppm, which is the most shielded since it locates the furthest from the electronegative ester group.

Finally, a long signal at 0.90ppm would have identified the two methyl groups located in the

Carboxylic acidcan be tested by using the litmus paper or solution and the color of litmus changes from blue to red. The dissociation is shown below:

1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.44 (dd, J = 5.1, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.40–7.38 (m, 1H), 7.36 (dd, J = 5.1, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (dd, J = 3.6, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (dd, J = 5.0, 3.7 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (dd, J = 5.1, 3.7 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (s, 1H), 5.21 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.12 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 3H). 13C NMR (126 MHz, CDCl3) δ 153.2, 138.5, 137.0, 136.5, 133.4, 132.9, 128.3, 127.9, 127.2, 127.1, 127.0, 122.2, 117.6, 99.4, 89.6, 89.1, 29.9, 28.7. LC-MS (ESI): m/z = 351.20 [M+H]+. HRMS (ESI) m/z: [M+H]+ Calculated for C18H14N4S2, 351.0738; found

More specifically, the main spike in the acid reaction was found in between the 70 and 80 second interval. The amount of oxygen also leveled off after 160 seconds. As for the base, the largest spike in oxygen was found between 90 and 100 seconds. There were two additional spikes and plummets from 140 to 180 seconds, alternating twice. The amount of oxygen plummeted and recovered gradually from 40 to 50 seconds.

Analysis will be done using a multi-spectrum fitting technique [46] to retrieve the spectroscopic parameters for several transitions in the entire band of each molecule. This technique allows us to determine

To keep this a fair test I have made sure that the acid used is the

The IR spectrum was recorded using a Nicolet iS5 FT-IR spectrometer and OMNIC software. A small about of sample was placed on the ATR crystal and pressure was applied to allow for the clearest spectrum possible. Infrared light was emitted by the pressure device to penetrate the sample and produced the necessary peaks to identify the structure. First, the background without the crystal being in contact with any pressure or sample was collected, but not saved to the spectrum; hence, only the spectrum of the sample itself was displayed for the sample’s spectrum. When the actual sample’s spectrum was collected, the peaks were found by the OMNIC software by choosing the button “find peaks.” The only IR spectrum

4.0 "mL HNO3 "×(1.42 "g HNO3 " )/"mL HNO3 " ×(1 "mol HNO3 " )/(63.01 "g HNO3 " )×(1 "mol methyl m-nitrobenzoate" )/(1 "mol HNO3 " )

A background spectrum must also be measured with no sample in the beam. This can be compared to the measurement with the sample in the beam to determine the “percent transmittance.” This technique results in a spectrum which has all of the instrumental characteristics removed [195]. Some of the major advantages of FT-IR over the dispersive technique include:

These three rings form the per-hydro derivative of Phenanthrene to which the fourth cyclopentane ring or D ring is fused. Hence, we can also say it is cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene derivative.3The steroid nucleus can be classified into several classes depending on the chemical constituents. If we analyze the structure of Fluromethalone, it specifically contains the Pregnane4 – Steroid Nucleus consisting of 21 carbons in its skeleton. Moreover, the pregnane nucleus is a planar ring system with two stereo-isomeric forms depending on the spatial arrangement of hydrogen on C-5. Both α – F at C-9 and = at C 1,2

In this lab, solutions are mixed with an indicator (red cabbage juice), which can be able to identify whether it is an acid, base or neutral.

Acidity: Acidity is determined by empirically subtracting the value of a titration with H2SO4 from the value of a titration with NaOH. Depending upon client request, the result is reported either as a positive number, a negative number, or simply as “negative”; as a result, PCQLs are not applicable.