Obesity In Low Income Children: A Literature Review

TO: Mayor Bill de Blasio FROM: Bonnie Humpherys, SUBJECT: SNAP Program Reform DATE: October 6, 2017 The federal food stamp program (SNAP), makes up the largest portion of the budget for the US Department of Agriculture.1 In New York alone 15.3% of residents receive benefits from the SNAP program.2 The purpose of SNAP

Help with Obesity for Low-income Families It has become impossible for low-income families to provide healthy meals for their families. Government, Farm policies and the food industry itself are main reasons as to why the cost of healthy foods has become harder for American families, especially low-income families, to provide the healthy foods needed to fight the obesity epidemic. With low- income families being the main focus point on the problem of

SNAP is the foundation of nutrition assistance programs. This program provides over 47 million individuals in nearly 23 million low-income households. The eligibility is not restricted to certain groups of individuals, and because of this, SNAP serves a vast amount of families with children, elderly people, and individuals

In the United States, there is a substantial number of children that live below the federal poverty line and even more that live below twice the poverty line (Jackson, 2014). According to Jackson (2014), poverty and food insecurity are undeniably related and these children living below the federal poverty line are at risk for varying negative effects, such as delayed cognitive development and medical problems, that hunger can cause. There is a variety of nutritional policies that help these children as well as adults who live in economically disadvantaged and food-insecure households such as the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) (Jackson, 2014; Marx, Broussard, Hopper, & Worster, 2010). This program

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Woman, Infants, and Children (WIC) was established in1972. This federally funded program’s primary focus is the nutritional harm that hunger, and poverty creates specifically for mothers, soon-to-be mothers, children and infants (Blau and Abramovitz, 2014). This program has seen an influx of participants over the many years since its existence. Recently, in 2009 WIC underwent major changes that would benefit both mothers and their children. WIC required its participants to buy healthier foods and pushed grocery stores to provide healthier foods for the participants (Block and Subramanian, 2015). Most recipients of WIC are low-income and more than likely live in neighborhoods with food deserts.

Annotated Bibliography Rochman, Bonnie, and Bonnie Rochman. "Childhood Obesity: Most U.S. Schools Don’t Require P.E. Class or Recess | TIME.com." Time. Time, n.d. Web. 01 Sept. 2015. Only six states require P.E. at some point in high school, including Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, Illinois and Iowa. If we were to require P.E. before you graduate, it may make some people angry, but it could be a great way to help with one of the worst problems in the world. The author, Bonnie Rochman, reports that 39 states do not require recess at all, at any level of school. Kids need time to run around and have some physical activity during the day, and recess is a good way to provide that. Rochman states that many schools are cutting physical

1. What search terms did you use to locate this research study to analyze? What database did you use? What was your rationale for selecting this particular study to analyze over the others identified in the search results? What is the full reference of for the study in APA format?

Obesity in Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) participants is a problem that needs to be addressed through an effective intervention. The problem is that even though SNAP provides resources to food insecure individuals, the food being provided is not nutritious and is thus contributing to the high rates of obesity

Childhood Obesity Childhood obesity is an epidemic affecting children and adolescents from different races and backgrounds. The childhood obesity prevalence in America has been considered a national health crisis. It is postulated that one out of every three children of ages (3-17) are either overweight or obese. It continues to be an issue even after the advancement of the many efforts towards ensuring the health of the children in our society. There is an increase in the rates of childhood obesity despite the spread of awareness about the risk of excess weight (Kamath, Celia et al 4619). The life threatening repercussions of this epidemic has turned out to create a compelling call for the National Health Administration to take stunt

In the United States of America, the richest nation of the world, one in six Americans do not have enough food to eat. Have you ever wonder why there are so many food banks and food pantries throughout the country? They are not simply, as you thought, existent to offer emergency food assistance. Indeed, they are the main sources of food to millions of food-insecure Americans. Food insecurity, the state of not having sufficient quantity of affordable and nutritious food, has been very widespread and common in America. It affected millions of Americans and has been increasing dramatically in recent years; in 2012, more than 48 millions of food-insecure Americans rely on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) (McMillan). The depth of deprivation varies in each family. Some families have to skip meals in order to save food for the next meal, some families get enough food but eat an unhealthy diet due to economic reasons, and some families get to eat but in the cost of other family members go hungry. Food insecurity is one of the most serious nutrition-related public health issues in the United States. Obesity in America is due in part to the consequences of food insecurity because of innutritious and unbalance diet. Food insecurity is associated with

Low socioeconomic status individuals have limited access to healthy and affordable foods which sequentially contributes to obesity. One might contend that the government provides assistance (WIC and Food Stamps) to

Food insecurity affects more than 48 million Americans every year (McMillan). Those who reside in food insecure homes can generally not afford healthy foods, therefore increasing the incidence of obesity and other resultant chronic disorders. According to The American Journal of Public Health, “Food insecurity has been shown to diminish

Step 1 The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) has become an immense support for food insecurity, particularly in low-income families in our country. The SNAP program has been initiated to reduce hunger during economic crisis and has become crucial in helping its participants to meet their dietary needs (Blumenthal, 2012 pg.50). However, there is a main concern is that SNAP participants are also at risk for developing obesity and other chronic disease. The SNAP program finds that the obesity epidemic is associated with huge economic burdens on medical cost, if not addressed at right time. The Farm Bill containing SNAP program was signed into law in February, 2014 after intense debate on its effectiveness and efficiency (Farm Bill, 2014). During the debate, the congressional legislation addressed the importance of healthy eating for participants to receive proper nutrition in their diet (Blumenthal, 2012 pg.50). The policy reports that SNAP program will focus on food insecurity and also provide health outcome for obesity among participants. This policy needs to be modified to expand other nutrition assistance program for SNAP participants to select healthy food choices. Such an educational program would benefit most states offering nutrition information to assist SNAP participants to eat healthier and be physically active.

Fortunately, there are several government programs available for families facing food insecurity. One example is the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), which helps low-income families afford nutrient rich foods and was formerly known as food stamps (“Supplemental Nutrtion…”, 2017). While this program aids individuals of all ages, there are also

Early Childhood Obesity; Looking to the Future Many studies have shown the increasing trend in early childhood obesity over the past few decades. But in recent years that trend has begun to level out and even decrease in some cases. In this paper, these trends will discussed along with the health implications that follow childhood obesity, how big of a problem it has become, as well as how to fix the problem and what we can do in the future to prevent this problem.