Object Relations Theory Is A Psychodynamic Theory

One of the social work values is that the Attachment Theory supports the importance of human relationships. According to NASW (2017) relationships are an important tool that enhances client’s wellbeing. Social workers can use Attachment theory to understand the human need for intimacy as well as the need for a source of safety and comfort to provide emotional benefits and proper development. In this case, one of the client’s goals is to form a healthy intimate relationship with a significant other. As the client stated, “I’m tired of being in unhealthy relationships where I do not feel appreciated and I often feel used.” The clinician can use attachment theory to help the client achieve her goal by helping them understand their internal working model, which is related to insecure attachment. This will help the client create a positive image of herself and increase her self-confidence, and as a result, potentially develop healthy attachment with others (Blakely, 2015). Furthermore, according to Cassidy (2000), the Attachment theory explains how romantic love is similar to the attachment infants form with their caregivers since both relationships involves touching, gazing, and even baby

“Adam” is a nineteen-year-old, African American male who was admitted to The Bridge on 12/1/16 for residential substance abuse treatment. He was court ordered to the facility due to a violation of probation for possession of marijuana with intent to distribute. He has a history of using substances which started at the age of fifteen with smoking marijuana. At the age of sixteen, Adam sprained his ankle and was prescribed Percocets for the pain. He started talking the medication as prescribed but gradually started using them recreationally when he went to parties with his friends.

Relatedness is a need which involves wanting to make connections with people. This need portrays your engagement as a person as the stronger the bond becomes, the more comfortable they become with who they are with that person. (Passer, Smith, Holt, Bremner, Sutherland, Vliek., 2009, p.478). It is clear to me how I relate to these three fundamental psychological needs and how these correspond to why I wanted to come into the social care sector.

In addition to the diagnosis of psychology there are perspectives and treatments that follow these. The first perspective being the behavioral perspective and following that would be the psychoanalytic/psychodynamic perspectives. The third perspective of psychology follows suit with the biological perspective and the fourth being the cognitive. These perspectives all take a different route on explaining psychology and were developed by a number of different characters throughout history. To start off, the behavioral perspective emphasizes the study of one’s behavior and the role that they play in an environment.

Pioneered by John Bowlby, the formation of attachment theory, stems from the concept that intimate and comforting relationships between child and caregiver, establishes a sense of security and fosters positive social and emotional development (Ogilvie, Newman, Todd & Peck, 2014). Although attachment theory was primarily focused on understanding the temperament of infants, it has since been illustrated that attachment can define human experience from ‘cradle to grave’ (Chopik, Edelstein & Fraley, 2013).
 Those described as securely attached, (who receive supervision and discipline from a caregiver) develop a healthy perception of the world, displaying high levels of self control; beneficial in steering themselves away from delinquent

The six perspectives include: psychodynamic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, contextual, and evolutionary. Psychodynamic is where behavior throughout life is motivated by inner, unconscious forces that are stemming from childhood over which we have little to no control of. Erik Erikson and Sigmund Freud fall into this perspective. The behavioral perspective involves John Watson, B.F. Skinner, and Albert Bandura where it is development that can be understood through studying observable behavior and environmental stimuli. The humanistic perspective is where behavior is chosen through free will and is motivated by our natural capacity to strive to reach our full potentials and this perspective is from Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. The cognitive

First, I believe the object relations theory places less importance on biologically based drives and

One example comes from a young woman in her mid-twenties who was sought to keep everyone at arms distance, never getting close to anyone, indicative of an avoidant attachment style. When confronted about her distance from others, the client explained to me that it is dangerous to let others’ get close (personal communication, 2017). Thinking from the attachment theory perspective, having parents who did not attend to her needs led my client to understand that she must keep others at a distance because will not take care of her, her internal working model. With the understanding of her internal working model and attachment style, I approached treatment by helping the client learn to create a safe attachment with me where I modeled appropriate boundaries and helped the client balance her closeness and distance, working to help heal her attachment style and change her internal working model. Over the course of treatment, the client learned she could begin to trust and develop a relationship with me which, in turn, increases her ability to create a relationship with others in her life and future therapists with whom she may engage in treatment with in the

I believe that every person develops a unique personality influenced by relationships and experiences established during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. For instance, parents, caregivers, and guardians are responsible to help a child develop a personality through the boundaries that are set, the communication that is established, and the social support received. What we are exposed to as children and throughout our life will influence our behavior and feelings as adults. For example, an abused child is likely to develop an inferiority complex and can acquire a self-concept of inadequacy. Psychodynamic theory focuses on childhood experiences to help understand the client and make sense of their relationships, experiences, and how they

This approach focuses more on the interconnectedness of humanity and places a moral significance on our relationships as 'care-givers' and 'care-receivers.' These relations shape the care agent’s self-conception – she defines herself in terms of the relationships in which she is engaged; they also shape her perception of the world, serving as a lens through which she sees and understands the events of her life. This relationship focus gives rise to the moral orientation of care and motivates the care agent to strive to be the kind of person who fosters caring relations by the way in which she encounters and interacts with others. She tries to realize the fundamental moral commitments of care by avoiding harm, responding to needs or vulnerabilities, and maintaining caring relations – in her exchanges with others. However, the range of caring obligation is limited and delimited by relation. It is strongest towards others who are capable of mutual relationship. Nel Noddings speculated that it is impossible to care-for everyone and maintained that while the one-caring has an obligation to care-for immediate humans and animals to an extent when they are needy and able to respond to the offerings of care, there is a lesser obligation to care for distant others if there is no hope that care will be completed or

Often in the professional world occupations use different methodologies to guide people through their practice. As a social worker we are educated to use evidence based methods to provide a sound intervention or preventation process to help consumers address their barriers. In may practice as a social worker I would like to utilize both psychodynamic and cognitive behavior therapy when partnering with clients to address their barriers.

As the makeup of students in classrooms change and general education teachers are educating a range of students with diverse needs, new learning barriers are becoming prominent in American classrooms. One of these learning disabilities that is emerging is a language disorder called selective mutism. Selective mutism is defined as a language disorder in which individuals who exhibit normal language skills with no delays in daily home situations are unwilling or unable to speak when confronted with novel situations or people. This disorder, when presented in classrooms, can affect both the social and the academic progress of the student. When considering students who exhibit symptoms of selective mutism,

What is attachment and why is it an important aspect of intimate relationships and the human condition? Attachment and attachment theory states that there is a strong affectional tie that binds a person to an intimate companion (Sigelman & Rider, 2015). One of the first theorists that formulated this theory was John Bowlby. He proposed that, based on infants interactions with caregivers, infants construct expectations about relationships in the form of internal working models- cognitive representations of themselves and other people that guide their processing of social information and behavior in relationships (Sigelman & Rider, 2015). This research was further elaborated by Mary Ainsworth and her colleagues, who believed there were three

Although all humans innately desire and seek connections with significant others, studies of human babies show differences in the strength and stability of the bonds between babies and their caregivers. Laboratory studies demonstrate four types of attachment to adult caregivers: secure, anxious, avoidant, and disorganized (Ainsworth, M.D.S. , Blehar, M.C., Waters, E,. & Wall, S. 1978). Most children are secure (about 56%); they use their adult caregiver as a base to explore the surrounding world, show distress when the caregiver leaves, and quickly recover when the caregiver returns. Approximately 20% of children present with an anxious pattern of attachment, showing distress when the caregiver leaves, inability to be comforted when the caregiver returns, preoccupation with being near the caregiver, and lack of exploration. Another 20% of children present with avoidant attachment, showing disengagement from the caregiver and suppression of emotions. Disorganized

According to Bradbury and Karney (2014, “Psychodynamic models of couples therapy emphasize how a person’s very early experiences with a parent results in unconscious psychological processes that, in adulthood, can form the basis for misunderstanding between partners, uncontrolled negative emotions, and ineffective attempts at intimacy” (p.421). This model describes that many individuals are who they are in a relationship based on how they were brought up. Attachment theory has been a huge aspect of this model because it helps each couple understand that how they were raised, is how they react to situations throughout the relationship. As, we are younger we look up to our caregivers, so if they are abusive we tend to end up being the abuser. So, this model helps determine why our partners choose to do the things they