Obstetric Fistula Research Paper

Vacuum assisted deliveries are a method to help facilitate a vaginal birth even if the mother is becoming to exhausted to push or if the baby has reached a difficult position during labor and is prevented from progressing. While the vacuum may be helpful for the labor it runs the risk of causing a subgaleal hemorrhage (SHG) in newborns this condition is a result of the connection between the sinuses of the scalp and the veins of the brain have been ruptured which causes bleeding and swelling of the head and can lead to severe hypovolemia and death (Davis, 2001). SGH occurrences after vacuum delivery are in the range of 26 to 45 per 1000 vaginal deliveries (Modanlou, 2010). In order to treat and correct SGH nurses are

A postpartum doula services are designed to be able to assist in the physical and emotional care of mothers and families in the daysand nights, weeks and months following the birth/adoption of a child. Postpartum doulas are professionals experienced in:

As stated by Penny Simkin, April Bolding, Ann Keppler, Janelle Durham, and Janet Whalley, the authors of the number one best-selling book, Pregnancy, Childbirth, and the Newborn: The Complete Guide, “While maternity care practices are continually changing the way women are helped to give birth, childbirth itself hasn’t changed. How a women’s body functions during pregnancy, labor, birth, and the postpartum period—and what she needs during these things—hasn’t changed since the beginning of humankind.” The process of birth is one of God’s greatest miracles. Although all babies go through the same stages of conception and development while in utero, that “average gestation period is 280 days, but it can be shorter or longer by as many as 14 days. At the end of the gestation period, the fetus has reached full term and is positioned for the birth process. The process, generally referred to as labor, includes three stages” (Wittmer, Petersen, Puckett, 2013, pg. 103). However, not all babies are born through vaginal births and as technology has increased many doctors are beginning to see a trend of patients asking for elective C-sections for non-medical reasons for convenience and avoiding the pain of labor, as well as concerns about vaginal tearing, incontinence, or other complications.

Not too long ago, the term Cesarean Section would strike fear into the heart's of expecting mothers because of the number of risks involved with the surgery and not to mention the ghastly scar it leaves behind. Today, however, physicians give their patients the option to go through with natural delivery or chose a natural delivery. This may be due to the increase in celebrity trends or because women are having babies later in life and advanced maternal age comes into play when making the decision. Regardless of the increase of this type of delivery, one thing remains true, it is surgery and the

The next topic discussed was active labor. When the uterus contracts, the cervix dilates (Kluny & Dillard, 2014). Then the cervix thins and softens, back pressure is experienced and abdominal cramping. Streaks of blood may be present as the mucous plug is ejected. After the cervix reaches four centimeters the labor progresses rapidly. The transition phase occurs when the cervix is dilated to six to eight centimeters. At ten centimeters the cervix is fully dilated and the first stage of labor is complete. The second stage is when the woman feels the urge to push, and with every contraction the baby moves further down the birth canal until delivery (Kluny & Dillard, 2014).

In the fetal circulatory routes blood flows through the fetus that is actually complicated than after the baby is born. The fetal circulatory system it you have to use three shunts, they are a small passages that they direct blood that needs to be oxygenated. The shunts they bypass the lungs, in it moves blood from the right atrium of the heart to the left atrium, and the ductus arteriosus, which moves blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta.

Obstetric haemorrhage, or heavy bleeding during pregnancy, can take place either before or after delivery.(1)The most common obstetric difficulty is postpartum haemorrhage, commonly characterised by blood loss of 500ml or more within 24 hours after delivery.(2)With postpartum haemorrhage affecting almost 2% of all woman who give birth(2), minimising the risks in paramedic practice is imperative. Ways to minimise the risk of postpartum haemorrhage in paramedic practice began by focusing only on psychological management of the third stage of labour although now, due to higher educational programs, paramedics are introduced to active management of the third stage. This includes administering drugs such as oxytocin, ergometrine and misoprostol,

One of the most heavily performed surgeries on pregnant women is the caesarean section, also known as c-section, however many women are unaware of the complications, risks, and benefits to such an intense procedure. Most don’t even know that it is considered a major surgery. Many women are having caesarean sections in today’s society due to health risks to the mother and child and the mother’s personal choices, the number of surgeries performed yearly have been increasing steadily. We will explore this rising trend and see what the pros and cons are to this surgery and why it is occurring at a more rapid rate than ever before.

Postpartum haemorrhage is a serious and traumatic experience for the woman, the family, and also the health professionals involved. A primary postpartum haemorrhage is considered to be bleeding from the genital tract that exceeds 500ml at any time 24 hours post birth (Marshall, 2014). A loss of 1000ml or greater is considered to be a severe haemorrhage and most likely can have detrimental and life long effects on the woman (Marshall, 2014). During one of my post natal experiences, I came across a woman, Jessa, whom was considered to be a low risk pregnancy, and had just given birth to her third baby. She was at 34 weeks gestation with no significant problems throughout the pregnancy. One morning she had woken up to strong pains believed to

A Caesarean section/C-section is when you deliver a baby through a surgical incision from the mother’s abdomen and uterus. A C-section would have to be scheduled in advance, which would be called an elective caesarean. An elective caesarean is when a pregnant woman decided to plan a caesarean section, because of personal circumstances and preferences which include having a previous caesarean sections, baby is positioned bottom or feet first and can’t be turned which is called breech, the cervix is blocked by the placenta, the baby is lying sideways and is not able to be turned by the doctor, twin pregnancy having the first baby positioned bottom or feet first, and having more than three to more babies. This procedures is also very similar to

Even though it will take mostly some of my life to achieve this career, I would love my first career to be a midwife. I know there are not many midwives out there, so I would like to be one of those few. Midwives take care of pregnant mothers that are almost ready to deliver their newborn. They give them the care they need before they deliver, they are practically being by their side the whole time.

A middle aged male came to emergency department complaining of severe pain above the anus. On examination there was swelling and redness around the anus some blood and pus discharges were noticed, so an immediate surgical intervention was needed. We gave the patient antibiotic then prepare him for the surgery. First we asked the patient to lay on a prone position and we exposed the area. Then we cleaned the area by normal saline to remove any foreign objects. After that, we cleaned the skin around the fistula with iodine solution. Then we injected lidocaine, local anesthesia, into the 4 edges of the fistula. Then, we cut the fistula from the middle and the pus and blood were flushed out, we left the wound

I’ve always had a love for science, and an interest in the human body. Ever since I was five, i’ve screamed about becoming a “baby doctor”. Now that I am older and I know that there are many physician tittle I could have that deal with children, I choose to be a Obstetric Gynecologist, because I don’t only want to treat babies, I want to deliver them. While having my first child I experienced how thrilling bringing a child into this world could be. There are screams, tears, laughter, and anger all at the same time. When I was pregnant my Obstetric Gynecologist was doctor James Fields. I’ve observed Dr.Fields for almost a year. Nine months and two weeks to be exact. It was

A colovesical fistula (CVF) is a connection from the colon to the urinary bladder. It can occur due to surgery or trauma around this area of the body that caused the opening. This allows fecal matter to move from the colon to the bladder, which can lead to possibly painful infection. It can also cause morbidity and death, and is usually secondary to urosepsis, which is a UTI complication. It is more common in men, as female patients have a uterus, which blocks passage between the colon and bladder. It is also more common in patients from 55 years to 75. It can be diagnosed clinically, but some form of imagining or scanning is usually reqired to determine the severity and origin of the fistula. Patients may exhibit: pneumaturia, fecaluria, suprapubic pain, dysuria, hematuria, urgency, and gross hematuria (many of these symptoms can cause infection).

Flash forward a few years and I was posted as senior doctor to one of the far places these fistula patients came from. Our fistula patients presented months after delivery, the diagnosis often missed with some not presenting at all. Fortunately,