INTRODUCTION Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a primary sleep disorder caused by repeated partial or complete upper airway collapse despite an ongoing effort to breathe during sleep. It is estimated that 22 millions of Americans suffer from OSA; 80% of men and 93% of women with moderate to severe OSA have not been diagnosed. There is a higher prevalence of moderate to severe OSA in the elderly (aged 65 or older) than in other age groups.[1] In patients with OSA, there are high rates of depression [2, 3] and neurocognitive deficits.[4, 5] OSA is associated with cerebral neural injury, and that may result in both mood dysregulation[6] and cognitive decline.[7] It remains to be established which neurocognitive domains that are affected by OSA. In patients with OSA, autoregulation is impaired, and that results in hypoperfusion to the brain tissue,[8, 9] particularly in the regions with poor collateral circulation (e.g., such as the terminal small arterial territories).[10] Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion may lead to the development of cerebral small vessel disease (C-SVD).[11] Additionally, the presence of intermittent hypoxemia may accelerate the progression of C-SVD,[9, 12] and that increases the risk of developing depression[13-15] and executive dysfunction.[16, 17] In parallel, rapid alternations between hypoxia and reoxygenation cause damage of endothelium of small arteries and arterioles through oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.[18-20] These processes can cause
Sleep apnea is a common sleeping disorder where a person has experiences of not breathing during sleep. Over 20 million Americans, mostly overweight men, suffer from sleep apnea. Despite these numbers, sleep apnea is often not treated directly because its symptoms are thought to be those of depression, stress, or just loud snoring. There may be a genetic component to this disorder as it often occurs within families.People with sleep apnea stop breathing for at least 10 seconds at a time; these short stops in breathing can happen up to 400 times every night.
OSA is characterized by repeated episodes of either partial or complete obstruction of the upper airways during sleep due to excessive relaxation of airway musculature, which leads to cessation
Sleep apnea is a serious health epidemic that is linked to another problem currently gripping the nation: the rising rate of obesity. Obesity and sleep apnea are so tightly connected that it is hard to discuss one without the other. Understanding the connections between obesity and sleep apnea can help you create a path towards treating both of these dangerous problems.
Sleep apnea is a medical condition that should never be ignored. When a person suffers from this disorder, he or she repeatedly starts and stops breathing when they are sleeping, and this may occur hundreds of times each night. Sleep apnea comes in many forms, with the most common being obstructive sleep apnea. This type of apnea occurs when the muscles of the throat relax. A dentist may need to be seen to assist in the treatment of this condition, one which is often marked by drowsiness during the day and loud snoring at night. What do individuals need to know about this condition?
There are many people who struggle to sleep at night. One reason that they might struggle is because of sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is defined as “a reduction or cessation of breathing during sleep” (Medicine Net; Nov. 2105). With the help of many types, treatment, medication, and devices changes your lifestyle Can help with sleep apnea.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep–breathing disorder characterized by momentary episodes of either complete breathing cessation for periods of ten seconds or more (apnea) or significant reductions in breathing amplitude (hypopnea) caused by a collapsed or obstructed airway; these two conditions can lead to hypoxemia (low levels of oxygen in blood) and hypercapnia (high levels of carbon dioxide in blood). Patients are categorized as having mild, moderate or severe OSA depending on the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), which is defined as the total numbers of apnea/hypopnea episodes per hour of sleep. In normal individuals the index is usually 5 or lower, 5-15 in mild, 15-30 in moderate and 30 or more in severe OSA patients (1, 2). In patients with mild OSA the oxyhemoglobin saturation drops to 95% and can drop below 80% in severe cases. Obstruction of the airways results in greater breathing effort and fluctuations in intrathoracic pressure, resulting in arousal, sleep interruption and reopening of the airway (3).
I am writing this statement because I have been diagnosed with severe obstructive sleep apnea. Before, I entered the military I never had problems with sleeping, breathing, headaches, or snoring. I didn’t realize that I snored until I started dating my wife in 1999. She told me that I snored. I was in denial. She asked my mother did I snore when i was younger, my mother told her I never snored. I believe I started snoring during my 13th month tour in Korea were the air was so polluted and as I got older my snoring became worst. I am afraid to sleep because I choke in my sleep. Every morning I get up I have headaches. I complained to Dr. Harbin that I have headaches every morning I get up. He requested that I have a sleep apnea test performed.
There is no consensus regarding the mechanism of manifestation of neurocognitive consequences associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and their definite underlying process is unknown.1 However, there are some findings and theories about it. In OSA, there are different levels of hypoxia, which are associated with many factors such as obesity and severity of upper airway obstruction.1
Obstructive sleep apnea, also known as OSA, is the most common form of of this disorder affecting about 20% of American adults. If the condition is left untreated, it can prove fatal. Furthermore, sleep apnea syndrome is an underlying cause of heart disease, stroke and hypertension. Further, those suffering from OSA, also suffer from central sleep apnea, another form of apnea.
Apnea is frightening for parents as breathing stops suddenly and a baby may become limp and blue. Breathing usually restarts after a few moments and gentle stimulation of a baby, stroking their face or moving them slightly, can encourage a quick recovery unless the child is otherwise ill with pneumonia or heart failure. Before a baby leaves the hospital, discuss with the medical team if you wish to monitor your baby’s breathing with a pulse oximeter or apnea monitor. Monitoring your baby might be a wise precaution and you can request information about resuscitation techniques if your child does not breathe after stimulation. Some parents might choose to complete a CPR course before leaving the hospital.
of sleep apnea are obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea (CSA), and complex sleep
Sleep apnea is a chronic disorder where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. It leads to snoring, fatigue and interruptions of oxygen flowing through the body. The need for life insurance varies with age, responsibilities and your health. Life insurance policies become valuable financial resources for maintaining a standard of life. Policies are designed to provide a fixed amount of money according the policy terms and conditions to helping families avoid hardships. Life insurance policies can include the insurer’s ability to draw against the face value of the policy in the event of an illness. In the case of having sleep apnea, the insurer becomes the beneficiary of the policy value. There are also instances, where the policy also functions as a secondary health coverage, should the primarily carrier deny the medical claim.
Sleep apnea has many different possible causes. In adults, the most common cause of OSA is obesity, which is associated with soft tissue of the throat and mouth. With adults there are many other factors associated with the condition. In children, causes of obstructive sleep apnea often include enlarged tonsils or adenoids and dental conditions such as a large overbite. Some of the less common causes include a tumor or growth in the airway, and birth defects such as Down syndrome and Pierre-Robin syndrome (Jensen). No matter the age, if OSA goes untreated for too long it can lead to serious complications, including accidents, cardiovascular disease, premature death. If you are experiencing any signs and symptoms related to obstructive sleep
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), is a clinical condition escorted by frequent episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to severe hypoxia. These episodes are interposed with reoxygenation, resulting in intermittent hypoxia (IH) (Morrell and Twigg 2006). OSA is now considered an important and ubiquitous health problem, due not only to its cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity, but also because of the prominent cognitive and behavioral implications of the disease. The neuropsychological impairments are accompanied by increased levels of systemic markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, in addition to gray matter loss in neural sites contributing to cognitive function (Beebe and Gozal 2002; Gozal et al.,
Obstructive sleep apnea may often present as other problems, including depression, behavior disorders, or attention deficit disorder. Common signs and symptoms of this disorder include snoring, restless sleep, daytime napping, behavior problems, and headaches upon awakening. Parents may misinterpret these signs and symptoms as evidence of attention deficit disorder. Identification of any of these signs is sufficient for a referral to a sleep disorder specialist and consideration of a formal sleep study. Failure to identify and treat this problem will virtually assure lack of success in weight control efforts and will accelerate further weight gain and the onset of other disorders.