Ocd Intervention

What is OCD? OCD stands for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a psychological disorder that makes an individual have a great deal of anxiety due to unwanted thoughts. The individual will try to reduce it by engaging in repetitive behaviors or compulsions. OCD is a part of an individual’s everyday life, so it is natural to have some obsessive thoughts. However, when it interferes with your every day lifestyle, then the individual knows that it’s a disorder. An example of the most common OCD that someone may encounter are contamination, accidental harm to others, perfection when it comes to washing, cleaning, or arrangement of things. Obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms can change over time. It is most common

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) was once considered a rare disease, but today, it is one of the most prevalent psychological disorders present among society. OCD is described as “intrusive thoughts or images (obsessions), which increase anxiety, and by repetitive or ritualistic actions (compulsions), which decrease anxiety” (Stein, 2002). In the DSM-IV, Obsessive compulsive disorder can be diagnosed through observable behaviours or repetitive mental habits. Symptoms include; the constant washing of hands, and/or fears concerning danger to others or to self – resulting in frequent paranoia. OCD has been linked with lesions in various neurological circuits of the brain due to the consumption of dopamine agonists (for example, cocaine). In order for obsessive compulsive disorder to take clinical significance, dysfunction and distress must follow symptoms. The treatment of OCD was initially developed in the Freudian era, as psychoanalytical treatment was seen as the most effective treatment at the time for mind management. Conversely, recent empirical evidence proved otherwise. Pharmacological therapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy, also known as systematic desensitization are nowadays the most prominent remedies used in treating obsessive compulsive disorder.

Considering the secrecy surrounding OCD symptoms, it is important for family members to pay attention to early signs of ritualistic behaviors becoming troublesome. When OCD is suspected, a comprehensive clinical evaluation – including detailed interviews with parents and, if possible teachers – is required in order to check the obsessions, sensory phenomenon and compulsions in the case. In younger children, OCD features might appear subtly during play activities or drawing. It is vital to differentiate between obsessive compulsive symptoms and normal childhood behavior, such as the normal practice or actions during playtime, food time or bedtime. In this context, the information about degree of distress, impairment and time consumed performing rituals should provide enough data to decide whether or not treatment is warranted. Moreover, it is also important to assess insight and the family’s perception of the symptoms, as well as how family members deal with the patient.

OCD is a brain disorder that may be caused by incorrect information processing. The three areas in the brain that are looked at are the Orbitofrontal cortex ,which is located in the prefrontal cortex above the eye, the caudate nucleus located near the basal ganglia, and the anterior cingulate cortex located in the front of the corpus callosum. Kring et al., (2014 ) states, the activity in these three places increase when people with OCD are shown objects that provoke symptoms. Other factors such as genetic, behavioral, environmental, and cognitive factors can trigger the disorder in an individual . It is not known which specific gene is inherited, but if a family member has OCD, their is a chance a child can have it. "Children who have family members with OCD have a greater chance of developing OCD early in life". (psychguides.com) One might have been conditioned as a young child to fear or become obsess by learning from ones' parent, which is the behavioral factor . The environmental factor can be caused because of a traumatic experience such as getting an illness like the flu. This type of traumatic experience can trigger OCD in a person in order to prevent from getting the illness again. The cognitive factor can cause individuals not knowing when to stop their obsessive thoughts and behaviors. According to Kring et al., (2014), people with OCD suffer in having a deficit in knowing when to stop their thoughts and behavior. They fail to gain the internal sense of completion , which it is defined as

Anxiety is often the result of maladaptive thought processes and dysfunctional thought patterns. Misinterpreted situations and the underestimation of emotional ability to cope with those situations appear to contribute to the disorder. As mentioned previously, behavioral components include the obsessive thoughts or impulses which precede the application of ritualistic practice (Hansell & Damour, 2008). Each approach has distinct perceptions of OCD and equally distinct methods of

Obsessive compulsion disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder described by irrational thoughts and fears (obsessions) that lead you to do repetitive tasks (compulsions) (Obsessive Compulsion Disorder, 2013). When a person has obsessive-compulsive disorder, they may realize that their obsessions aren't accurate, and they may try to overlook them but that only increases their suffering and worry. Eventually, you feel driven to perform compulsive acts to ease your stressful feelings. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is often driven by a reason, cause, or fear for example, a fear of germs. To calm the feeling of this fear, a person may compulsively wash their hands until they're sore and chapped. Despite their efforts, thoughts of obsessive-compulsive behavior keep coming back. This leads to more ritualistic behavior and a brutal cycle of obsessive-compulsive disorder. OCD is the fourth most common mental disorder, and is diagnosed nearly as often as asthma and diabetes (Who We Are, 2012). In the United States, one in 50 adults suffers from OCD. Obsessive compulsive disorder affects children, adolescents, and adults. About one third to one half of adults with OCD report a childhood onset of the disorder, they felt these anxieties but were not diagnosed or felt no need to be diagnosed until the compulsions over whelmed them (Who We Are, 2012). The phrase obsessive compulsive has been used to describe excessively meticulous, perfectionistic, absorbed, or otherwise fixated person. While

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disorder that causes someone to have unwanted and troubling thoughts and repetitive behaviors (Lack, 2012). People may self-diagnose themselves to be obsessive compulsive. But people with obsessive compulsive disorder need to spend at least 1 hour daily on obsessive thoughts and rituals (Ellyson, 2014). This disorder is broken into two parts. The first part is obsessions, thoughts or images, and the second part is compulsions, the repetitive behaviors caused by the obsessions (Brakoulias, 2015). An example of obsessive compulsive disorder would be someone checking the locked door multiple times to reduce anxiety about forgetting to lock the door. On average 5% of the population has subclinical symptoms which are considered to be symptoms that are not disruptive enough to meet criteria to be diagnosed obsessive compulsive (Lack, 2012). Dropping what you’re doing to go back and check if your curling iron is unplugged is an example of a subclinical symptom. This paper will discuss what obsessive compulsive disorder is and provide a brief history. It will also include current treatments, suggestions on how to treat the disorder, and a summary.

OCD has many apparent factors. The first component of OCD is that it is an obsession. According to an article titled “Complementary medicines that may assist in managing obsessive compulsive disorder” from Gale Student Resources in Context, sufferers of this disorder have recurring thoughts that interrupt their daily routines. These are brought on by triggers. Everyone with this disorder has a different set of triggers although there are some triggers that overlap. A lot of people with OCD share many common obsessions, such as believing they are contaminated, fearing something bad will happen, or feeling unsure if they have done something outrageous (Journal). Once triggered, a tremendous amount of anxiety is experienced. At this point, the sufferer must do something to rid themselves of this feeling. Now the sufferer feels obliged to partake in compulsive behaviors. Compulsions are the

As an example, individuals struggling with OCD might engaged in seeking reassurance from family members, making requests to avoid certain places, items, and situations, resulting in the family member continuously thinking in terms of reassurances along with adapting new ways to help the diagnosed individual to avoid the negative stimulus (Calamari et al., 2011). Specific psycho-education can be provided to family regarding OCD, such as, the interrelation between thoughts, feelings and behaviors, how OCD compulsions are maintained through avoidance behaviors, and the process of treatment through learning relaxation techniques followed by gradual exposure (Silverman et al., 1995). With new awareness, the family is now able to let go of the burden of accommodation, while helping the diagnosed member on their road to

The way a person acts towards a family member with OCD has a big influence on the way the person with OCD will try to get help. Negative comments or criticism can make the person with OCD worse, but with a calm, supportive family this can help improve the result of treatment for the person with OCD. Family members need to be kind and patient in the process of treatment for the family member dealing with OCD. Many times, family members become involved in a person’s routines when having OCD and this can cause stress and distraction within the family.

To begin with, the causes of OCD are various. Biological factor are closely related with this mental disease. More specifically, there is circuit in the brain which is responsible for some aspects of our behavior like sexuality, aggression etc. When this specific circuit is active these desires ae appeared and pushed the person to act in a specific way, with a particular behavior, according to this desire. For instance, if you go to the bathroom then you ill wash your hands. If you suffer from OCD, the brain will not be able to stop the impulses of the circuit so you will feel unable to stop the specific action (washing the hands).

OCD is most commonly treated with psychopharmacological medications (i.e., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), with up to 65% of patients being treated with SSRIs (Blanco et al., 2006); however, as can be recalled, it is also treated with ERP, CT, and ERP+CT, which are variants of CBT and the most widely recognized, implemented, and studied psychological treatments. Many randomized controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analyses, and past qualitative reviews have individually evaluated and compared the efficacies of these psychological interventions as well as psychopharmacological interventions. A few of these primary studies will be described and discussed below.

Obsessive compulsive disorder also known as OCD, is an anxiety disorder. People who have this disorder have repetitive thoughts and behaviors that they cannot control. A chemical imbalance of the neurotransmitter serotonin throws off communication in the brain. According to the American Academy of Family Physicians (2015), it can also cause impulses that manifest through obsessions, ideas, and images. The next part of this disorder is compulsions. These are the behaviors that people who have this disorder perform in order to get rid of the uncontrollable thoughts and feelings.

Knowing what OCD is the first step in understanding the psychology of the disorder. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, “Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a common, chronic and long-lasting disorder in which a person has uncontrollable, reoccurring thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions) that he or she feels the urge to repeat over and over” (NIMH). The obsessive part of OCD is intrusive, repetitive thoughts the cause anxiety, and the compulsion part is the need to perform an act or ritual repeatedly. The obsession causes anxiety and the compulsion relieves the anxiety.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, mainly known as OCD, is a type of anxiety disorder that causes consistent unwanted thoughts that intrude upon the mind, which then precedes to compulsive behaviors which are unneeded actions that one feels must be done over and over again in certain consistent ways (Hyman, 2003). This disorder affects it’s every person in many different ways. People with OCD have obsessions, most of the time it is accompanied by an outward compulsion, but not always. When these obsessions are not accompanied by a physical reflection of a compulsion, there are compulsive thoughts that are brought to mind to get rid of the obsessions (Hyman 2003).