Odd Personality Disorders

After reading Chapter 2 of Ronald J. Comer’s book, Fundamentals of Abnormal Psychology, I now understand key principles of 4 models that that contribute to understanding abnormalities. The first model is the biological model, which can be linked to Roman and Greek times as I read in chapter 1. It mainly states that the cause of psychological abnormalities is that of physical illness. In addition, the abnormalities are introduced because of malfunctioning parts in the brain. This includes the possible malfunction of neurons that are found in the cerebrum and the possible malfunction of these neurons and the transmissions between them. Other factors may include genes, evolution and viral infections

do think that committing crimes is a symptom of abnormal psychological behavior. The reasons behind the committing of the crime can vary. Doesn't matter if it's an abnormal biological cause or an environment cause, both would contribute to the cause of the criminal acts. A criminal's actions and behaviors can be caused by biological methods like an imbalance in hormones, the genetics they were born with and how their body reacts to both physical and mental stress. Environmental effects on a persons life can also affect them and this includes: how the person's parents raised them, where they live and their financial status.

In the case of Schizotypal Personality Disorder the individual has certain beliefs, superstitions, obsessive ruminations and/ or misconceptions of reality which causes them to become more susceptible to developing Schizophrenia. Unlike Schizoid PD, Schizotypal PD is characterized by an avoidance of social interactions, whereas Schizoid PD is described as an indifference to social

Personality disorders are included as mental disorders on Axis II of the diagnostic manual of the American Psychiatric Association and in the mental and behavioral disorders section of the ICD manual of the World Health Organization Personality disorders are conditions in which an individual differs significantly from an average person, in terms of how they think, perceive, feel or relate to others. Changes in how a person feels and distorted beliefs about other people can lead to odd behavior, which can be distressing and may upset others There are three recognized personality disorder clusters, cluster A odd and eccentric, Paranoid Personality Disorder Schizoid Personality Disorder Schizotypal Personality Disorder dramatic and emotional, Borderline Personality Disorder Histrionic Personality Disorder Narcissistic Personality Disorder and anxious and fearful Avoidant Personality Disorder Dependent Personality Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Personality Disorders: Management

"even our negative emotions help us survive. for example, aren't our suspicious often justified?" most likely someone with a ______ theoretical perspective made this statement "I knew right after we got home from the hospital that our kid had a problem," the parents said. unless the parent is using 20-20 hindsight, the child's diagnosis most likely is "i'm concerned about Ritalin use; its possible effects on children's growth, and its increasing heart-attack risk in hypertensive adults" an acquaintance worries. your best reply, based on the most recent research is "it is obvious that this case of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder arises from an early childhood fixation." which type of psychologist

Paranoid Personality Disorder is classified by the DSM-IV-TR as a Cluster A personality disorder with onset usually by early adulthood (APA, 2000). The disorder has been included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) since its conception in 1952 (Falkum, Pedersen, & Karterud, 2009). PPD is noted by some researchers to be one of the most common, and severe types of personality disorder; consequently, because of the suspicious nature of the individuals presenting with the illness, treatment may be more impervious but of greater concern is the fact that many individuals will go undiagnosed and untreated because of the reluctance to seek treatment at all (Esterberg, Goulding, & Walker, 2010; MacManus & Fahy, 2008).

A personality disorder is characterized by a distinct pattern of behavior that does not meet normal standards of behavior within one’s culture. This pattern is ingrained as the norm to the person affected, and the characteristics of the affected person deviate markedly from societal standards (Hebblethwaite, 2009). The two main features that help to identify a personality disorder are chronic interpersonal difficulties and persons with one’s identity or sense of self (Livesly, 2001). Within this set of mental health disorders lie several other subsets, including one of the most prominent personality disorders - Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). BPD is a severe, long-lasting disorder that has an incidence of occurrence approximately equal to that of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia combined (Grant, Chou, Goldstein et al., 2008). BPD also puts those affected at risk for damage in many areas of their life if not properly diagnosed and treated, including personal relationships, school, work, and self-imagine. Furthermore, this disorder has a high co-morbidity with other disorders such as depression, substance abuse, eating disorders, and social phobia, among many more (Hebblethwaite, 2009). Misdiagnosis of borderline personality disorder can have serious clinical implications. This paper looks to identify the risk factors associated with BPD, the affects on various aspects of the person’s life, treatments, and give recommendations as to how to properly identify and

We’ve all experienced the feeling that we’ve moved into a different life, dissociation from reality, just mild like when we daydream, delve into a good book or become engrossed with a project. But then after that, we do still come back to reality. However, some people are diagnosed with a dissociative identity disorder or the popular multiple personality disorder (MPD). This differ from mild dissociation that all of us commonly experience. People who have this live a fairly complicated life. Sadly, people who have this experience traumatic physical, sexual or emotional abuse during their childhood.

Paranoia is a problem/disorder that affects an estimated 2.5% of people and affects around 10-30% of psychiatric patients. Paranoia causes people to become more violent and cautious of others around them. People who suffer from paranoia believe everyone is out to get them with no evidence to back up their claims. Paranoid individuals are people who tend to lack social cues and are very prone to avoiding social interactions with people they are suspicious of or just in general. Thoughts of paranoia affect everyone but are the most severe in individuals with paranoid personality disorder. While no one is completely sure as to what affects paranoia, it is believed that the biggest contributors are environmental factors. According to John Mirowsky

“Because persons with paranoid personality disorder are hyperalert, they notice any slight and may take offense where none is intended. As a result, they tend to be defensive and antagonistic. When they are at fault, they cannot accept blame, not even mild criticism. Yet they are highly critical of others. Other people may say that these individuals make ‘mountains out of molehills’” (NIMH).

The three main clusters of personality disorders are odd and eccentric behavior, dramatic, emotional or erratic behavior, and anxious and fearful behavior. Cluster A, Odd and eccentric behavior are personality disorders characterized by social awkwardness and social withdrawal. These disorders show a stable pattern of remarkably unusual behavior and are commonly characterized by distorted thinking. An example is Paranoid Personality Disorder which is characterized by a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of other people. Next cluster B is dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors and these disorders are characterized by shared problems with impulse control and emotional regulation. An example is Antisocial Personality Disorder which is characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of other people that often manifests as hostility and/or aggression. Lastly, Cluster C is anxious and fearful behavior and these personality disorders are share a high level of anxiety and represent range of symptoms for abnormal manifestations of apprehensiveness, timid, or frightened behavior. An example is Avoidant Personality Disorder which is characterized by a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and a hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. People with this disorder are intensely afraid that others will ridicule them, reject them, or criticize them.

     Sometimes people undergo traumatic experiences in their lives that are either physical or mental and maybe even a combination of both. If the experience was so intense, and so horrible, that the mind didn’t want to remember it, or possibly didn’t know how to deal or cope with it, then that one experience has the power to split a person’s mind into “another personality”. If this happens, the other personality or personalities come out when a person who has MPD (Multiple Personality Disorder) is put in a situation that he/she doesn’t know how to handle or feels that the other personality can handle it better. People suffering from MPD also have the risk of developing some

The paranoid are persecuted, in other words they believe that people are out to get them, their delusion may escalate to the point where the person is no longer in tune with their surroundings, they may also be insane. A real life example of this is Richard Chase, or as he became known as the Vampire of Sacramento. Richard Chase killed a total of six people in the time period of a month, his method of killing was shooting them with a .22 pistol. Chase was given the name the Vampire of Sacramento because he killed people, drank their blood and ate their internal organs raw, his reasoning was that he believed that if he failed to do this, the Nazis would turn his blood into powder with the poison that they implanted under his soap dish. As a child Richard Chase was raised in a strict household where he was abused by his father, and in his teenage years he became an alcoholic. Chase had all of the traits of a young serial killer, he killed and mutilated animals and also began firstarting. As an adult, even though his parents had bought him an apartment he chose to live with his mother. He accused his mother of trying to poison him, and eventually his father forced him to move out of the house and bought him an apartment. Once Chase moved into his new apartment he began to kill animals, take out their organs and eat them raw, he put them in blenders to make smoothies, and he said that this would help him keep his heart from shrinking, and he believed that if it shrunk too much it would disappear and he would die.In 1975 Richard Chase was involuntarily committed to a mental institution, due to the fact that he was hospitalized after injecting himself with rabbits

Two of the possible diagnoses for Ruth are generalised anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder which is also known as dysthymia.

Everyone has their own personality. Personality is defined as a set of individual differences that are affected by the development of an individual, which typically consists of a person’s values, attitudes, personal memories, social relationships, and skills. (McAdams, Olson, 2010, p. 517-542) There are two classifications of personalities. If you are considered Type A personality, then you are more competitive, outgoing, possibly impatient and could even be considered aggressive. While the more relaxed, laid back personalities are classified as Type B personalities. No matter which category of personality a person falls under, they can be afflicted with a personality disorder. These disorders can be such a mild version that a person doesn’t even notice that they have one. But then there are some that are affected by their disorder to the point that it completely takes over their lives. So much so that they are unable to live what’s considered a normal life.