Office Of Infectious Diseases: A Case Study

When infection and disease that are of high public health importance are diagnosed by laboratories and doctors they are required to report this information to local, state, and national agencies such as The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Shaw & Elliott (2012) says, “This permits surveillance (that is, the collection of statistics on the frequency with which the disease occurs), which in turn allows these agencies to identify trends in disease occurrence as well as disease outbreaks” (pg. 158).

The aftermath of this outbreak helped the world learn how to respond to deadly illnesses in an effective manor as well as moved the cause of science forward by striving to find a way to treat this disease. The event lead to the organizations responsible for controlling these outbreaks to grow and develop more proficient ways to battle the flu as well as many other sicknesses. Today, “international organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) provide leadership in global health matters. The WHO’s preparedness plans against influenza pandemics include six levels of pandemic alert, which determine the recommended actions it should take in conjunction with the international community, governments, and industry.6” This expansion has saved millions of lives as now flu vaccines are usually available in most communities as well as treatments for nearly every ailment known. Without these organizations influence the Swine Flu epidemic could have been much more devastating along with the hundreds of other disease that could have wiped out entire populations without the intervention of these groups. The government was also changed by this as they had

Infection Control, ‘To ensure that there is an active, effective, institution-wide infection control program that

One way that national and international agencies are involved with state and local health departments is the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS), which is a nationwide collaboration that allows local, state, territorial, federal, and international health agencies to share information about disease-related issues. Health departments work with healthcare providers, hospitals, laboratories, and others to increase monitoring, control, and prevention of diseases which allows for collection, analysis, and sharing of data and works to increase awareness of potential outbreaks. By interacting with one another, public health agencies are able to provide up-to-date information for their constituents and can even have

Douglas’ overall performance as a Quarantine Public Health Officer is outstanding. He follows all branch policies and performs according to all protocols. He responds to our port partners in a timely and thoughtful matter. He continually provides situational awareness when necessary, to the appropriate persons. Douglas maintains valuable surveillance working with our port partners such as CBP-Agriculture to make decisions about CDC regulated items coming into the United States and performs a thorough and complete follow-up for ill travelers and disease investigations. Douglas has successfully participated in the after- hours on-call and is able to independently problem solve for partners.

Pandemic response in Canada is a shared responsibility among the federal, provincial, territorial and municipal governments. Besides the Agency, Health Canada and other federal emergency response partners are also involved, as well as non-governmental organizations and some international health authorities, such as the World Health Organization. With so many players involved coordination of decision making, approvals, and information sharing was complex, challenging and time

All throughout this nation’s history there have been many emerging infectious diseases that have causes illnesses and fatalities. While many of these diseases causes many deaths due to lack of funding by the, Center for Disease Control, because there was very little funding, there was very little ways to find cures and vaccinations. The CDC should fund research on emerging infectious diseases because of the number of new diseases that come about each year, the number of deaths that occur each year, and to find vaccinations or cures for these diseases.

Thesis Statement: The primary purpose of this research paper is to inform the reader about how infectious diseases are found globally and how are they being contained.

This paper defines and explains the six core functions of epidemiology: Public health surveillance, field investigation, analytic studies, evaluations, linkages, and policy development. The core functions of epidemiology lay down a foundation on which epidemiologists can begin to work from. This paper will look at the benefits of incorporating all six of these functions into a working plan when health officials, medical personnel, first responders, etc., encounter a disease or illness that needs to be identified, treated and contained.

The human body is comprised of an abundance of microorganisms that are considered part of our normal and healthy microbiota.8 Most of these microorganisms are typically not injurious, but under certain conditions or when a patient is immunocompromised, some microorganisms may produce infectious diseases.7 Infectious diseases are ailments caused by the opportunistic pathogens already present in our bodies or other harmful microorganisms that were acquired from traveling, hospitals, outdoors, or encountering another infected human.8 According to Woolhouse and Gowtage-Sequeria, there are 1,407 recognized species of human pathogen, 58% of which are zoonotic and 177 are regarded as emerging or reemerging.13 The leading public health institute is the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and they are responsible for securing and progressing the health of the public by researching known and identifying new infectious diseases, preventing and regulating the spread of infectious diseases, providing accurate information to healthcare communities and to the general public, and implementing strategies to reinforce our public health system.3 Infectious diseases play a crucial role in public health because without the knowledge and analysis of them our population would not have the proper information to assure their health and our healthcare communities would not know what precautions to take when treating a patient with an infectious disease.3 According to

The CDC has resources that set up a plan for preventing and controlling emerging diseases. Prevention and control of communicable diseases is focused on elimination, eradication. Also, primary, secondary, and tertiary preventions and their role in prevention and control of communicable diseases is important to know. Teaching about immunizations when discharging a child from a hospital admission is an example of primary prevention.

The burden of foodborne illness in the United States is serious; “about 1 in 6 people in the United States get sick each year, 128,000 are hospitalized, and about 3,000 die annually.”2 There are various agencies (governmental and non-governmental) advocating for food safety and the health of the public. The three federal governmental agencies with the most control on food safety are the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The CDC serves as “the national focus for developing and applying disease prevention and control, environmental health, health promotion and health education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the U.S.”3 All medical professionals and health departments are required to report foodborne diseases cases and outbreaks to the CDC through these

In today’s global world infectious disease has become a major concern for the world. They can spread from one end of the globe to the other in a matter of days. A person can get on a plane in Europe and get off in Canada and may have infected a good portion of the world when everyone on the plane gets back home. Infectious disease may also be spread by international trade in food and medicinal biological products. In most developed countries mortality rates caused by infectious disease, have greatly decreased over the past century this is due in part to better treatment and early detection of new diseases. In developing countries diseases are a major problem that effect both economy and the general

Assess the role of international health and security organisation in responding to global epidemics. Focussing on two specified organisations, and based on your findings; indicate which strategies, must be placed in order to ensure preparedness for future epidemics.

Deployment will have a significant impact on early identification and treatment of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases in high-risk areas.