Oil Spills From An Off Shore Oil Rig

Or in the least contain them. No two oil spills are the same because of the variation in oil types, locations, and weather conditions involved. However, broadly speaking, there are four main methods of response. One way is to leave the oil alone so that it breaks down by natural means. If there is no possibility of the oil polluting coastal regions or marine industries, the best method is to leave it to disperse by natural means. Another way is to contain the spill with booms and collect it from the water surface using skimmer equipment. Next is to use dispersants to break up the oil and speed its natural biodegradation. Dispersants act by reducing the surface tension that stops oil and water from mixing. Small droplets of oil are then formed, which helps promote rapid dilution of the oil by water movements. The final way being discussed is to introduce biological agents to the spill to expedite biodegradation. Most of the components of oil washed up along a shoreline can be broken down by bacteria and other microorganisms into harmless substances such as fatty acids and carbon dioxide. ( "How Do You Clean up an Oil Spill?" How Do You Clean up an Oil Spill? Web. 12 Nov. 2015. ) So, basically, hair has never been tried and will be experimented with as a new absorbing

In the article, they came up with the idea of gelling agents which is a chemical used to solidify any kind of spilled oil, making it easier to collect. Using the motion of the waves and sea, the gelling agent turns the oil into a rubbery material that can be easily removed from the water with nets, vacuuming, suction, devices or skimmers. This method helps clean the water without taking a lot of the water with it since when it solidifies you just pull out the chunks of oil instead of taking a lot water with it like if you were to try the hay or fleece

Offshore drilling could lead to an oil spill which shown from the Gulf of Mexico incident. It can ruin the sea’s wildlife. With the wildlife at stake it can be really hard to fix the problem and most companies result in using corexit which makes the issue worst. This makes the oil sink deep in the ocean, and results in even more of the underwater marine life suffer. With us being fishermen it could kill our businesses because we will not have food to provide with fish being killed from a potential oil spill. Plus the oil drill wouldn’t really do anything for the state of South Carolina, and if it isn’t needed I wouldn’t want something that we don’t want it to have bad odds of affecting our business.

There are many ecological problems facing us in the United States today. Among those issues includes global warming, our dependence on fossil fuel, saving our endangered wildlife, and ensuring that we have safe and sufficient water. There is one environmental issue, however, that streams across all these areas, and threatens the safety of our country, and of many bodies of water all over the world, and that is the issue of Oil Spills. An oil spill can be defined as, “an unintentional release of crude oil or refined oil products into the environment.” Oil spills are considered to be a major source of chemical pollution. Most of these spills occur through human error, however, there are cases where oil seeps through deposits under the ocean floor. These spills can occur on land, in the ocean, and even when oil is spilled down storm drains that lead directly into lakes and rivers. Not only do oil spills threaten to destroy our ecosystem and endanger our wildlife, oil spills can be harmful to human beings as well. The reason that this is so stems from the fact that oil itself is considered to be “semi-volatile.” This means that it can evaporate into the air and create a heavy vapor which lingers and can be breathed in by humans, and can travel deeply into people’s lungs. This can in turn cause many health issues such as nausea, vomiting, headaches, and even difficulty breathing. Over an even longer period of time, the chemicals that are found in oil, and that are evaporated into

The purpose of my experiment is to find a good way to extract oil from water. My reason for asking this question is because I love animals and I want to keep them safe. Also, when I went on a whale watching trip I loved watching them jump with their calves in the blue waters and I don't want the whales dying just because we aren't careful about what we put in the ocean.

‘Booms’ are large floating barriers placed around the oil, while ‘Skimmers’ collect the oil. ‘Skimmers’ can range from vacuum machines, to sponges, and even absorbent rope. Besides the ‘Boom and Skimmers’ method, there is also the possibility of In situ burning. This refers to igniting freshly spilled oil while it is still floating on the water. However, due to the dangers of this method, it is not commonly used (“Cleaning up”).

This is because oil spill pollution has tremendous effects on our environment, ecology, economy, and the society as a whole. Some of the environmental damage caused by an oil spill can last for decades after the spill occurs. As soon as oil spills on the sea surface, it undergoes a wide variety of weathering processes, which include evaporation, dissolution, dispersion, microbial degradation, adsorption onto suspended materials, agglomeration, and others. These physicochemical changes enhance oil dissolution in seawater. Seawater can contain oil in three major forms: 1. free oil larger than 20 microns in diameter, 2. emulsified oil that have been mechanically or chemically reduced in size to smaller than 20 microns in diameter, and 3. dissolved oil as molecular-scale particles capable of dissolving in water. Hence, the extent of the damage caused by the spill and the ease of cleanup depend on how quick the cleanup response takes

The cleanup act for oil spills are “extremely extensive and expensive” as one government official said so elegantly. Even engaged in best efforts and with the most cutting edge technology, it is basically impossible to clean up all of the oil that has been released into the region. Although, many ways to try and clean the oil out of the water exist. One method they use is called skimming. “Skimming removes oil from the sea's surface before it reaches the sensitive parts of the coast. A lot of the time a boat will pull a barrier called a boom that collects oil as it goes along to later be picked up by another boat that collects oil”. This is a very long process, it can be incredibly effective

My hypothesis was that the oil would harm the environment. For example, it will hurt or even kill the animals and plants. The procedures of my environment helped me to see the damage that would occur by oil coming in contact with the clay and moss. It was very difficult to clean-up the oil from the plants and clay. The data from my project helped me learn about the largest oil spill that happened in the United States. I learned about the damage and how hard it was to clean up. I learned that “nature starts to react immediately” for example, some of the oil evaporates into the atmosphere. Also I learned about the sticky black tar that long ago trapped many animals. In 1989, a 987-foot-long oil tanker, the “Exxon Valdez slammed into a reef off the coast of Alaska.” “nearly eleven million gallon of crude oil poured through gashes in the ship’s hull into the clear waters of Prince William Sound.” This was the second largest oil spill in the United States waters. In conclusion oil spills damage our environment many times having a lasting impact. The effects of an oil spill will depend on a variety of factors including, the quantity and type of oil spilled, and how it interacts with the marine environment. Prevailing weather conditions will also influence the oil’s physical characteristics and its behavior. Other key factors include the biological and

The drilling for extraction of oil and gas are intrinsically risky businesses. Technical personnel and management people always need to prevent unfortunate incidents and improve process safety at offshore platform. The United States Environmental Protection Agency stated that the tragic oil spill in in the Macondo Prospect in the Gulf of Mexico, exploded and sank the platform resulting in loss of lives and unprecedented $5.5 billion Clean Water Act penalty and up to $8.8 billion in natural resource damages in Deepwater Horizon(DWH) and the largest oil spill in the history of marine oil drilling operations. The ongoing oil exploration in Gulf of Mexico shows us that offshore drilling could be dangerous and hazardous for marine wildlife and ecosystems.

35a. There is cohesion force between the water and oil molecules that allows the two substances to not mix, water molecules cling closer together, that their hydrogen bond cannot be penetrated by the oil until shaken together. When a oil spill occurs the oil will float on top of water, making it easier to skim or suck away from the water molecules.

Change in oil saturation is represented as percent of original oil in place. After water flooding, the remaining oil saturation in the sand-pack was around 66%. Since the water saturation also effect the performance of the foam/PEF, all the tertiary recovery (foam/PEF) were performed around similar water saturation [41]. The weak foaming solutions resulted in a lower apparent viscosity of foam within porous media. For N85 surfactant solution, foam generation was unsuccessful up to 10 PV of SAG injections. After oil bank production, the rate of foam collapse may have been much higher than that of foam generation that resulted in no pressure build up and therefore stable foam did not propagate through porous media. The addition of polymer into N85 surfactant solution slightly increased the apparent viscosity and resulted in N85-PEF propagation. On the other hand, in the case of DDBS foaming solution, foam could generate and propagate through porous media faster than N85-PEF. This again shows the importance of selecting a proper foaming agent. In addition to a strong foaming agent, polymer significantly improved the foam propagation through heavy oil saturated porous media. Considering DDBS-PEF curve, PEF started to propagate right after oil bank production. It reached to steady state foam injection where almost entire sand-pack was occupied by PEF. At this point, the pressure drop value should be almost similar to that of water-saturated sand-pack at steady state (stage III)

In addition, burning is not always feasible even for surface oil 10. Dispersants will increase the concentration of oil components such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the water column and can increase toxicity to aquatic organisms11, 12. Although biological methods are completely mineralize oil, it is generally a slow process, taking months to occur13. Due to these limitations of currents traditional methods, new technologies including nanotechnology 14, 15 have been developed.

Normal pentane (nC5), normal heptane (nC7), and Dodecane (nC12) (provided by Fisher Scientific) were used as the hydrocarbon solvent for extra-heavy oil recovery (dead oil viscosity = 30,000 cp at 22 °C and dead oil density = 0.933 g/cm³). Table 1 lists some of the main properties of applied solvents.

Oil spill contains crude oil, small amount of heavy metal, refined and unrefined petroleum oil(Intertek, 2015). Due to these toxic chemicals, oil spill is an environmental issue and needs great attention because of its adverse effective in aquatic life and ecological balance. Use of nanomaterials in oil spill remediation is a novice approach. Oil and water separation requires technology with unique wettability, super hydrophobic and oleophilic surface property. This can be achieved with surface modification using nanoparticles. These types of modified nanomaterials will be able to absorb oil or toxic organic compounds from the contaminated