Olympia Manet Gender Roles

Berthe Morisot was born in 1841, a time when it was still quite difficult for women to become professional artists as the art world was predominantly male. She continually faced criticism and encountered difficulties due to her sex. Despite this, Morisot was able to establish herself as a respected artist whose work only continues to become more highly regarded with time. Her place in art history alongside such Impressionist artists as Claude Monet, Marie Bracquemond, Mary Cassatt, and Edgar Degas, is a testament to her ambition. She was an artist who “aspired to greatness” who “was not content to take second place.” Her painting Young Woman Knitting of 1883 is a excellent example of her style and technique. To fully comprehend how this painting is typical of her work, it is helpful to study her life, as well as her artistic development, especially in her paintings.

And it is for that reason the painting received so much criticism. It was too real. The nude woman in the painting was not an idealized mystical subject like the woman in Titian’s Venus of Urbino anymore, but it was based on a real woman, Victorine Meurent. The reality of the piece brought all the harsh criticism onto itself, because it raised a lot of issues regarding prostitution and women’s place and roles in the French society. Another reason the painting shocked the crowd other than the realness of it is its style, how it was painted. Olympia was painted roughly with clear brushstrokes, poor details (everything was also very flat), and stark value

“Art is the most intense mode of individualism that the world has known.” -Oscar Wilde. Women are wild, sensitive, magnificent, mysterious, and above all: individual. Art’s many different medias allowed artist throughout the ages to capture women at both their strongest and most vulnerable points. It has the power to capture a woman: as a naïve, young girl clutching her brother as they are painted into a lasting portrait, a golden statue of an angel sent down to Earth to help a saved man take his first steps into an eternal life with God, to the powerful goddess, Artemis, transforming a hunter into a deer and having his hunting dogs tragically attack him. The six pieces of art chosen express the individuality of each women who has walked, walks, and will walk the earth.

This image of Lucretia is not that of some mythological or religious origin, say, of a venus, for example, part of whose appeal is the depiction of nudity without social repercussion. With respect to the time which bore this painting, it is not unlikely that this inclination to experiment with the female nude was in part sublimated by means of this historical subject matter, however, so say that Lucretia’s nudity is illustrated only on account of what would amount to the privilege of moral impunity is perhaps too simple an explanation. It seems much more reasonable to posit that Lucretia’s own nudity, especially in conjunction with her opulent, indeed, what is surely very expensive clothing (other depictions of Lucretia typically omit the inclusion of clothes altogether), is employed by Cleve to highlight Lucretia’s shame—amid her wealth and regal lifestyle, her clothes have been cleaved open, and she had been irrevocable hurt and humiliated. Whether intended by the artist, this awkward parting of Lucretia’s garments over her left shoulder and down through her abdomen adds greatly to the desolation and pity associated with her historical figure. Ultimately, this compositional decision serves to augment the paintings emotional

In the Renaissance period women are almost invariably shown as completely passive and as an object for contemplation. The reclining female nude in the Renaissance raises questions of the male gaze more often than any other artistic stereotype. Female nudes were only an open acknowledgement of not only male desire but also the right males had to express that desire. A woman’s feelings when looking at such images of members of their own gender were never discussed or asked until recently.

Reclining nude female is a common subject matter in art history since the Venetian Renaissance, Titian’s Venus of Urbino painted in 1538 is one of the earliest reclining nude female in painting history. It described a beautiful young female laying on her bed with her sleeping dog, on the back ground is her maids looking for cloth or her in the cassone. Manet’s Olympia that painted in 1865 is a painting with a similar composition, A nude young female who was suggested a prostitute, behind her is her black female maid holding a big bouquet of flower which is possibly from her customer. On the same part of the composition, there is an animal as well, but this time it is a cat. Titian and Manet’s reclining nude female have a same composition and subject matter, however They are very different in art history, both stylistically and culturally.

Even though some artists, as Berger claims, tried to resist this tradition, they couldn’t overcome the cultural tradition of female objectification that has continued to the present. These artists failed to create a different view in culture because of the media and how the perception wouldn’t change in the eyes of men. One famous artist who tried to resist this awful trend was an artist name Rubens. In his portrait of his second wife, the painting named Helene Fourment in a Fur Coat, he tried to portray the same message with a different image.The image is of a women with no other clothing other than a fur coat looking shameful. The middle-aged looking women in the painting was wearing a big brown fur coat. The difference between a regular “nude”

The painting was rejected by the official French academy in 1863 because it left the salon jury outraged to how the woman is being shown in the nude with no shame at all. Although nude women had always been the subject of classical art the problem here was that she was being depicted as a normal human being. Her body posture seemed relaxed, by slouching it also creates folds on her stomach. The salon did not approve as she was displayed as a regular modern day woman who happened to take her clothes off (you can see her polka dotted dress and hat towards her left) rather than a goddess or mythological creature. Another problem they had was that she is looking directly into the viewer’s eyes with confidence and self-awareness to which people were not

Nanette Salomon, a very well known feminist writer, wrote the article, “Judging Artemisia: A Baroque Woman in Modern Art History.” The article opens up with a discussion about the 2001-2 exhibition of Orazio and Artemisia Gentileschi: Father and Daughter Painters in Baroque Italy. The author explains that three things are unusual here: the fact that two famous artists were presented at the same time, that they were related as father and daughter, and the fact that the woman was better known than the man. Her intent in this article is to look at the effects of this trope (figure of speech) in the past and in the present.

The reading claims that nudes throughout artistic history have been an important source of beauty and controversy. Nudes began to spike during the Baroque period as they were used for the more expressive and emotional arts of the time. In the nineteenth century, nudes became more common, yet became more sensitive. Artists would train by drawing nudes of ancient Greek statues and figures from myth. However, many artists would then move on to create works depicting prostitutes or peasant naked women. This would not please patrons as they were extremely societally taboo. However, this did not start artists from making them, as they moved into the twentieth and twenty-first century. This shows the importance of artistic nudes and their impact

It is believed Manet's technique further inflamed the controversy surrounding Olympia. Rejecting his traditional art training, Manet chose instead to paint with bold brush strokes, implied shapes, and vigorous, simplified forms. "The paint sat there on the surface of the canvas...It wasn't just the fact that she's a nude and she's a lower class nude, but also the fact that she was painted in...what many people read as almost childish or unskilled fashion," explains art historian Anne McCauley in the film. "Olympia shocked in every possible way. That is to say formally, morally, in terms of its subject matter. It had the whole range of outrage," adds art historian Linda Nochlin.

In contrast, the painting Olympia is negatively attacked by critics, publics, newspapers, and other people. After this Olympia was hung on the wall at the Salon, it met with some laughter, criticisms, and disdain from people. One of these people thought that “if the canvas of the [Olympia] was not destroyed, it is only because of the precautions that were taken by the administration” (Williams 2002). This statement shows that people dislike this painting very much or maybe hate it somehow and deeply want it to be destroyed. Furthermore, the reason why people and many critics have negative reactions or perspectives to Olympia is because no one wants to recall some shadier sites of life. According to the fact that Manet represented the real

Gender discrimination is an issue that is ongoing since the colonial times. However, the fight against gender discrimination is not just an issue of the past, but also an issue of the present. In the current 21st century, there are many people who are still fighting for women's equality in society. Women are still getting paid less than men, and are still looked down upon in certain career paths. More action is needed to bring awareness to people about the inequality women still struggle through. More people need to be informed about the inequality women face. Adelaide Labille Guiard’s oil painting in Paris from 1749-1803 called Self Portrait with Two Pupil, served as a propaganda to fight for women’s attendance in the French Academie Royale. It illustrates a self portrait of Guiard, herself, and two of her pupils, Marie Gabrielle and Marie Marguerite Carreaux de Rosemond. In her self portrait, she paints herself in an art studio while her two pupils are by her side. Like Guiard’s self portrait, more effort through social media and the arts

The art world has been host to a vast menagerie of talent, intellect, and creativity for about as long as human culture has existed. It has grown, developed, and changed just as humanity has. Naturally, with such an impressively expansive history, various avenues of art are visited time and time again by new artists. Artists seek not only to bring their own personal flavor and meaning to timeless concepts, but to find new ways to approach them. While not every single creator and craftsman can make such a great impact on art or the world, their efforts have given birth to some truly magnificent and unique works. In an effort to create a more meaningful understanding, as well a deeper appreciation, of the nuances, techniques, and design choices employed in these attempts, a comparison will be made between Edouard Vuillard’s Interior With a Screen (1909-1910) and Henri Matisse’s Blue Nude (Souvenir of Biskra) (1907). In this essay, each artist’s approach to the subject of the female nude will be closely analyzed, compared, and contrasted, as will their styles of painting, handling of visual elements, and their use of the principles of design. An interpretation of each work and what the artist intended when creating it will also be provided.

The role which morality should play in art has been contested for as long as art has existed. Some say that art is to be used to influence society to become better, to teach the audience, while others say that art should be for arts sake, independent of society’s current view on morality. Three paintings from three different art periods will be explored to see how morality’s role in art is approached differently. David’s “The Death of Marat” shows how art can be a vehicle for moral education, Daumier’s “The Laundress on the Quai d’Anjou” honours character produced from suffering, and Manet’s “Olympia” harshly criticises France’s moral hypocrisies. Although not all artists set out to show morals in their art, their paintings subconsciously reflect the time that they were in, which involves society’s morals.