One Sample Hypothesis Testing

We conduct an independent sample t-test using Excel, and obtain the following output (see t-test-height)

Hypothesis is typically used in quantitative research only. Moreover, when a question poses an inquiry on the relationship between two variables, a hypothesis is a statement declarative in nature of the relationship between different variables (Pajares 2007). A researcher chooses whether to use a question or a hypothesis depending on the purpose of the research, its objectives, the methodology for the research and the preference of the audience to receive the research. A researcher must be able to interpret the final outcome with reference to the research questions or the hypothesis used (Pajares 2007). A research requires a minimum of two hypotheses namely a null and an alternative hypothesis.

Select one (1) project from your working or educational environment that you would use the hypothesis test technique. Next, propose the hypothesis structure (e.g., the null hypothesis, data collection process, confidence interval, test statistics, reject or not reject the decision, etc.) for the business process of the selected project. Provide a rationale for your response.

Create a research hypothesis tested using a one-tailed test and a research hypothesis tested using a two-tailed test.

According to Pager and Shepherd (2008), ‘Overall, then, the literature points toward consistent evidence of discrimination in access to employment, but less consistent evidence of discrimination in wages.” Levels of income vary from person to person depending on a variety of advantages such as education and experience. However, income differences also can depend on age, gender and race. There are numerous studies that show the significance of race discrimination affects wages or income.

There is a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis. The null hypothesis usually states there is no difference and an alternative hypothesis states there is. A result is positive if it rejects the null hypothesis. A result is negative if it does not reject the null

Minorities encounter unequal pay who have same qualifications as the standard group in America, which are the white Americans. The minority group with the largest pay gap are the Hispanic and Latina women who receive only 54 percent of "what a white man were paid in 2014" (Hill, n.d., para 8). Hill continues to express those who are affected by the pay gap, she states that the "pay gap is far worse for women of color". Furthermore, According to Hill (para. 10-12), education is a great way to increase earnings and decrease the pay gap, however, the "black and Hispanic women still earn less than their white and Asian peers, even when they have the same educational credentials." Furthermore, this indicates that with the same qualifications and

Step 1: During this step of hypothesis testing, the query is stated again as a research theory and a null theory regarding the populations. The null and research hypothesizes are the opposites of each other. This step is necessary because it explains the theory and recognizes the populations, which will be worked throughout the study.

The debate in this study is that of whether or not to use comparable worth as the basis for future pay adjustments. Comparable worth, as defined by Merriam-Webster, is the concept that women and men should receive equal pay for jobs calling for comparable skill and responsibility or that is of comparable worth to the employer. To further expand on this, the term comparable worth describes the idea that gender biased jobs should be reanalyzed to determine their worth to an employer. In theory, the goal of comparable worth is to raise wages for traditionally female-biased jobs to the level of those for comparable male-biased jobs. Comparable worth should not be confused with equal pay for equal work. Comparable worth

Fry Brothers heating and Air Conditioning, Inc. employs Larry Clark and George Murnen to make service calls to repair furnaces and air conditioning units in homes. Tom Fry, the owner, would like to know whether there is a difference in the mean number of service calls they make per day. Assume the population standard deviation for Larry Clark is 1.05 calls per day and 1.23 calls per day for George Murnen. A random sample of 40 days last year showed that Larry Clark made an average of

We conduct an independent sample t-test using Excel, and obtain the following output (see sheet T-TEST)

In 1960, Gathers (2003) reports that white males made up 60 percent of the U.S workplace. In 2000, Gathers (2003) reports that the workforce was composed of approximately 12

Some organizations are unwilling to show their reward systems and pay policies (Lawler, 1995). Many Human Resources professionals believe gender pay gaps to be resolvable through the monitoring of pay levels and communication (Report on Salary Surveys).Greater pay transparency has been a great benefit to the board, employees and managers as they now know what is happening across the business and they are able to confidently justify their actions (Commission Policy Report).All market-related supplements are recorded and reviewed separately from basic salary to ensure openness and transparency. Regular research market rates within the various labor markets in which they operate is undertaken improving transparency would also help to improve talent development, as employees would be able to see what they could earn if they wanted to move to another division and upgrade their skill set. (Commission Policy Report).

Do Major League Baseball teams with higher salaries win more frequently than other teams? Although many people believe that the larger payroll budgets win games, which point does vary, depending on the situation. “…performances by individual players vary quite a bit from year to year, preventing owners from guaranteeing success on the field. Team spending is certainly a component in winning, but no team can buy a championship.” (Bradbury). For some, it’s hard not to root for the lower paid teams. If the big money teams, like Goliath, are always supposed to win, it’s hard not cheer for David. This paper will discuss the effects of payroll budgets on the percentage of wins for the 30 Major League

This study uses time-series data from the CPS March data to investigate the effect of the business cycle from 2003 to 2014 on the wage differentials between females and males. The CPS is a monthly sample survey of approximately 60,000 households conducted by the Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics, which can be considered as the primary source of labor force statistics for the population of the United States. This study also uses data from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) to get the state unemployment rate from 2003 to 2014. LAUS is a Federal-State cooperative effort that publishes monthly estimates of employment and unemployment for approximately 7,300 areas, including all states, countries, metropolitan areas, and cities with a population of 25,000 or more, by residence. Labor force data from the LAUS program follows the same CPS concepts and definitions used for the national labor force data. In particular, this study uses the seasonal adjustment monthly state unemployment rate, which eliminates the influences of weather, holidays, the opening and closing of schools, and other recurring seasonal events from economic time series.