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REV: SEPTEMBER 30, 2005
NANCY F. KOEHN
Howard Schultz and Starbucks Coffee Company
Prologue: International Expansion
On August 2, 1996, Starbucks Coffee Company opened its first store outside North America. Like many of its U.S. and Canadian outlets, the new store was located in a busy district of a prominent city—Tokyo. Starbucks managers had devoted much time to selecting the site, designing the store’s layout and fixtures, training its staff, and publicizing its introduction. A series of events, including receptions and public samplings, attracted consumer interest in the new store’s specialty coffee drinks, whole (unground) coffee beans, and pastries. For example, a
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Howard Schultz and Starbucks Coffee Company
learn more about the brand and its offerings. Most people standing in line intended to buy a caffe latte, cappuccino, or other specialty coffee drink that they associated with the young company.
Schultz was impressed by the customers’ enthusiasm. The Starbucks brand, he realized, “had the same power in Tokyo that it had in New York and Seattle. It had taken on a life of its own.”4
Schultz had bought the company in 1987, when it was still a small Seattle retailer, mainly selling coffee beans. In the ensuing nine years, it had become the nation’s largest purveyor of specialty coffee, selling the beverage served in various ways, along with coffee beans and related food and merchandise. Between 1992 and 1996, annual revenues had increased more than 650%, climbing to almost $700 million (Exhibit 5).5
Most of this increase had been driven by the swift proliferation of company-owned stores, with the rest of it coming from two thriving divisions—mail order, and specialty sales, which sold coffee to restaurants and other institutional purchasers. In 1987, Starbucks had 11 outlets; nine years later, over
900. In fiscal 1996 alone, the company opened 330 outlets, an average of almost one a day.6 As the business moved into new U.S. and Canadian urban markets, consumer awareness of specialty coffee and the Starbucks brand widened considerably. By the mid-1990s, millions of
In 1982 Howard Schultz joined the company as the Director of Marketing and Retail Operations. He tried to convince the coffee shop partners to expand the business by
The first Starbucks opened in 1971, in Seattle’s historic Pike Place Market. The name, inspired by Moby Dick. Howard Schultz (Starbucks chairman, president and chief executive officer) had first walked into a Starbucks store. “He had a vision to bring the Italian coffeehouse tradition back to the United States. A place for conversation and a sense of community.” A third place between work and home. From the beginning, Starbucks set out to be a different kind of company. One that not only celebrated coffee and the rich tradition, but that also brought a feeling of connection. ("Company Information | Starbucks Coffee
The first shop was a great success, and, after a few years and creating his own company (“ Il Giornale”), Schultz finally acquired Starbucks in 1987, and changed its name to Starbucks
When Howard Schultz launched Starbucks, its main targets were the competitors and the customers. Schultz’s brand aimed at gaining dominance in the coffee industry in addition creating a Italian coffee shop feel in the United States (Buchanan & Simmons, 2009). The strategy of Starbucks was based on new products, listening to customers wants and ensure future expansion (Buchanan & Simmons, 2009). In creating convenience for customers, Starbucks created stores almost on top of eachother. They hinged on the idea that, they did not want to lose out on a sale if a line was too long. This action, of placing stores in heavy populated areas, basing need on projected growth of an area caused some decline in sales during economic trouble with the economy. The 2007 recession, failure of subprime mortgages, increased competition from McDonald 's McCafe brand, and Dunkin Doughnuts all led to a decline in sales for Starbucks in the fourth quarter of 2007 (Buchanan & Simmons, 2009). To attempt to regain market share and recover after the
In general the coffeehouse industry in the United States was experiencing an increase in coffee consumption per capita due to the “Starbucks effect”. At this time Starbucks was operating approximately 20,000 stores in the United States and was living a fast expansion strategy worldwide.
Starbucks first opened its doors in Seattle’s Pike Place Market with the name being coined from that of Moby Dick’s first mate (Schultz & Yang 1999). It has spread its shops across North America, all over Europe, the Middle East, Latin America as well as the Pacific Rim with an estimated 35 million customer weekly (Michelli, 2008). With tremendous growth from a small time coffee shop, the company has matured to an international icon that today it is one of the world’s leading retailer, roaster and brand specialty coffee (Story, 1971). The company offers whole bean coffees, espresso beverages, and confectionery and bakery items.
2. By 1987, Schultz bought Starbucks from its original founders. It has grown from six stores to over 3300 locations. What were the critical drivers of Starbucks success?
These days Starbucks owns more than 18,000 stores in 62 countries and is the premier roaster and retailer of exclusive coffee in the world. Back in 1971, when the first Starbucks opened, the company already had two intentions to give to people every single day till now: share specialty coffee with friends and help to make the world a little better.
Nevertheless, this was not embraced until 1987 were he would come in with several local investors to purchased Starbucks and rebrand. What a better location than Chicago. In 1991 is where Starbucks took off and became the took the position to offer to its full and part time employees. They also were able to take the lead in the coffee world by offering their Frappuccino’s. They continued to do well that in 1995 they joined forces with Pepsi-Cola and offered their consumers a ready-to-drink Frappuccino that could be purchased through local grocery stores or convenient stores. Drinks in 1996. It was also in 1996 that Starbucks opened its first store outside of North America in Japan. The company acquired Tazo Tea Company in 1998, and collaborated with Conservation International in 1999, to promote environmentally responsible methods for growing coffee. Starbucks has continued to grow over the years, launching its VIA™ Ready Brew coffee in 2009 (Starbucks Timeline, 2010). They have continue to work aggressively to serve the public as of today Starbucks has more than 15,000 stores in 50 countries, and have taken their name to be known as the world’s premier roaster and retailer of specialty coffee (Starbucks Heritage, 2010).
The Starbucks Company is a purveyor of gourmet coffee that was founded in 1971 at Seattle’s Pike Place Market (Retrieved March 10, 2015, from http://www.starbucks.com/about-us/company-information). At that time Starbucks was a single storefront that offered premium, fresh roasted whole bean coffees. Since opening that single store Starbucks has grown to an international presence with branding that is recognizable worldwide. In addition, Starbucks has increased their product line beyond hot and cold coffee beverages to include hot and cold teas, packaged whole bean and ground coffees, high quality, fresh foods and coffee making equipment and supplies. Starbucks operates a total of 19,767 company operated and licensed stores and operates in 62 countries. In addition to the Starbucks’ brand the company also owns and operates other well-known brands such as Teavana and Seattle’s Best Coffee. (Retrieved March 10, 2015, from http://news.starbucks.com/uploads/documents/Starbucks_Fiscal_2013_Annual_Report_-_FINAL.PDF)
The specialty coffee industry had seen steady growth for years and the trend was expected to continue until at least 2015. Of the various segments within the specialty coffee industry, most of the growth was attributable to beverage retailers “Coffee and kiosks”. In 1979 there were approximately 250 specialty coffee retailers. The number quadrupled by 1989 to approx 1000 outlets, and it exploded to roughly 15000 by 2002. Nationally, specialty coffee sales totaled over $ 10 billion in 2005.
Transition: Now that we understand how the company started let’s take a look at how it grew during the early
People love to drink coffee. Coffee shops, independently owned or chains are every corner. Statistics show that people are taking more coffee every day. It is a very profitable business.
P.3-4 Starbucks also sold coffee products through non-company-operated retail channels; these so called "Specialty Operations" accounted for 15% of net revenues. About 27% of these revenues came from North American food-service accounts, that is, sales of whole-bean and ground coffees to hotels, airlines, restaurants, and the like. Another 18% carne from domestic retail store licenses that, in North America, were only granted when there was no other way to achieve access to desirable retail space (e.g., in airports). The remaining 55% of specialty revenues carne from a variety of sources, including international licensed stores, grocery stores and warehouse clubs (Kraft Foods handled marketing and distribution for Starbucks in this channel), and online and mail-order sales. Starbucks also had a joint venture with Pepsi-Cola to distribute bottled Frappucino beverages in North America, as well as a partnership with Dreyer 's Grand Ice Cream to develop and distribute a line of premium ice creams.
Howard Schultz didn’t just build a company, he built an empire. Starbucks’ Coffee is a benchmark in the coffee trade, for coffee drinkers and, even non-coffee drinkers. He nursed a small company in the big city of Seattle, to a global