Oppositional Defiant Disorder In Young Children

Are the behaviors excessive and long-term, and do they affect all aspects of the child 's life?

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is when a child develops a pattern of disobedient, hostile, and defiant behavior toward authority figures. All children are oppositional from time to time (particularly when tired, hungry, stressed or upset) and they will argue, talk back, disobey, and defy parents, teachers, and other adults. These behaviors are a normal part of development for very young children, but parents generally notice symptoms of ODD by age 8 when the behaviors have not improved. By about age 8, the openly uncooperative and hostile behavior may be ODD when it is so frequent and extreme when compared with other children of the same age and when it affects the child's social, family, and school life. The causes of ODD are unknown,

Learning difficulties could affect the way the child interacts with other children which could delay their social and emotional skills because they could either not interact enough or interact in an angry way because they are frustrated with themselves which in that case the child doesn’t know how to handle their emotions.

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is one of a group of behavioral disorders in the disruptive behavior disorders category. Children who have these disorders tend to be disruptive with a pattern of disobedient, hostile, and defiant behavior toward authority figures. These children often rebel, are stubborn, argue with adults, and refuse to obey. They have angry outbursts, have a hard time controlling their temper, and display a constant pattern of aggressive behaviors. ODD is one of the more common mental health disorders found in children and adolescents (AACAP, 2009). It is also associated with an increased risk for other forms of psychopathology, including other disruptive behavior disorders as well as mood or anxiety problems (Martel,

“Maybe we all have darkness inside of us and some of us are better at dealing with it than others.” ― Jasmine Warga. Many people often view a disruptive child as a misbehaving child that is acting up for attention. A few of those times, many people generally will not stop and think for a second that maybe the child that is yelling and throwing a fit may be suffering from a mental illness. These types of conditions that some of these kids have may be hard for them to control their behavior.

In order for someone to be diagnosed with Conduct Disorder, they must meet all the criteria A through C, and Criteria A clearly states that a client must have experience 3 of the 15 statements listed in the DSM-V, within the last 12 months. The behaviors include aggression toward people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness and stealing, and other serious violations of rules. Eddies actions do not fit into this criteria since he is not aggressive or bullying classmates or friends, and although his parents have stated that he “demolished” the kitchen or living room, it is clear he is not violent or prone to lying and stealing. The only blatant disregard for rules that could be considered dangerous was when Eddie ran out of the house and wandered into the street until someone returned him home. However, that occurred when he was four years old, not in the last 12 months. Eddie does not fit into Criteria A due to a lack of violent nature. Criteria B states that the individuals behaviors cause a significant impairment in social, academic or occupational functioning, however, since Eddies behaviors do not fit into Criteria A, this does not apply. Lastly, Criteria C states that if the client is 18 years or older, they do not meet the criteria for antisocial personality disorder, which also doesn’t apply to Eddie. It is clear after looking through all Criteria A-C, Eddie does not have conduct disorder.

There are two common type of disruptive behavior disorders that affects children lives in a negative fashion when not treated properly. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (2004) “Behaviors typical of disruptive behavior disorders can closely resemble ADHD particularly where impulsivity and hyperactivity are involved but ADHD, ODD, and CD are considered separate conditions that can occur independently. About one third of all children with ADHD have coexisting ODD, and up to one quarter have coexisting CD” .The two types of disruptive behavior disorders are oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. Some symptoms of disruptive behavior disorder is breaking rules, defiant, argumentative, disobedient behaviors towards authority

If ODD was not treated properly in childhood it will most likely follow them into their adolescent life. When the adolescent is in school and becomes defiant and argumentative people might think that it is a phase that the person is going through even though it is not. This could cause serious problems in the person’s education and their home life, and then so on into their adult life. Also ODD is also often viewed as a mild variation of a conduct disorder (Essau, 2003). The only differences between the two is that CD and ODD have different diagnostic requirements when they are compared. Although the only difference between the two is that CD is a more extreme than ODD. A client with ODD is often most times very out of control when getting orders from authority figures. This is why ODD is a major problem when it comes to being prevalent in adolescents. When ODD is present it is often times very hard for the parent to control the child. The child will often times be very out of control and not listen to the orders that the parent of authority figure is giving them. ODD can become a major problem if not treated correctly.

ADHD can develop into more serious disorder, which is harder to tackle as a parent. Oppositional Defiant Disorder is another disorder, which is usually seen in boys. This is where the child will act in a very violent way towards his parent of someone who is older that are dominant in their lives, the child, in this case, will act stubborn sometimes doing things just to make others mad and out of the ordinary. Another example is Conduct Disorder; this can be seen in about 20 percent of children who are diagnosed with ADHD. Conduct Disorder is more serious as it involves the child bullying other children, lying and or stealing, destroying personal property. Kids suffering with Conduct Disorder are more likely to involve in risky behaviors such

Another reason children might be expressing defiance could be in result of the transition to the middle school. Middle schools are typically much bigger than their elementary schools. The transition to a new or a bigger school can be difficult for children as well. "When adolescents transition to middle school, they tackle a series of new social and educational demands that place some of them at a greater risk for the development of behavioral problems" (Wang & Dishion, 2012). This is a time in their educational careers where they typically start to have more teachers than they previously did in elementary school. There is less of a personal connection with their teachers and there is now a even greater emphasis on social groups. Schools

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is one of the most prevailing and expensive mental health problems for children and teen agers. Approximately 5% to 10% of 8 to 16 year-olds present with ODD behavior problems ( Erford,et al. 2013). Oppositional Defiant Disorder is part of the disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) group, given this name because those who are diagnosed disrupt people in their environment. According to the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry from 2013, physicians define ODD as “ a pattern of disobedient, hostile, and defiant behavior directed toward authority figures. Children and adolescents with ODD often rebel, are stubborn, argue with adults, and refuse to obey. They have angry outbursts and have a hard

Oppositional Defiant Disorder is a tricky diagnosis when it comes to teens. Let’s face it, a whole lot of teens are defiant by nature, so let’s take a closer look at this complex disorder.

Children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD, F91.3 [313.81]), Conduct Disorder (CD, F91.1 [312.81]), and Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD, F90.2 [314.01]) have always been a part of our society. These DSM-V diagnoses are regularly referred to as “disrupted behavioral disorders” (DBD). These diagnoses can lead to several issues for children and their families. Children with the ODD diagnosis are seen to be angry and irritable. They can easily lose their temper and have trouble following rules (Morrison, 2014). CD is shown through children that chronically disrespect other people and rules, and who frequently start fights (Morrison, 2014). Children with ADHD are often fidgety, restless, and have trouble concentrating (Morrison, 2014). These are not issues in themselves, but only become an issue when the child needs to be still and pay attention in a classroom or home setting. These three childhood diagnoses are ones that can greatly affect the family life and education of a child.

Conduct disorder may be diagnosed whenever a child or adolescent seriously misbehaves by using aggressive or non-aggressive conduct against other individuals, property, or animals. This behavior may be characterized as destructive, threatening, deceitful, belligerent, dishonest, physically cruel, or disobedient. Among these behaviors one may find stealing, causing intentional injury, or forced sexual activity. The behavioral disorder does not consist of an isolated incident, but rather of a pattern of severe and repetitive behavior. However, in Jacob’s case there are signs of Oppositional Defiant Disorder. This disorder presents a long lasting pattern of hostile, defiant, negativistic behavior found in children or adolescents who do not

David’s parents mentioned that he always had problems making friends, which could have been antisocial behavior. Another symptom could be aggression which showed when he would deface property or bullying other kids. One of the things I don’t agree with though for a symptom is that the child doesn’t feel remorse for doing something wrong or hurtful to others. Although not all symptoms in mental illnesses are present.