Optical Character Recognition Is Becoming Popular Areas Of Research Under Pattern Recognition And Smart Device Applications

Out of a total from 26 sequences only 6 were made up of 4‘s while 20 were composed of different structures of 2‘s. This tells us that 77% of the asci showed crossing over while 23% did not.

Typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.

A sixth characteristic studied was line quality. Line quality encompasses how the writer used the pen, meaning, the writer either wrote smoothly and confidently or shakily. The writer of both the ransom note and the sample did not write smoothly. The writing was shaky and scrawly. Some parts of words were lighter, not because of pen pressure, but shakiness of the writer. In addition, many letters had poor line quality because of the jaggedness of certain letters. For example, some “s’s” were jagged instead of smooth. This stands true for both pieces of

The written communication form has changed and developed over a long stretch of time. Man has always been in the business of changing things no matter how good it might be working just to see if they can make it better not only for themselves but for the whole world. In an essay by Christine Rosen titled “In the Beginning Was the Word”, she states “The book, like the wheel , is merely a technology, these enthusiasts argue, and thus we should welcome improvements to it, even if those improvements eventually lead to the book’s obsolescence (205). Like the wheel the book is open to changes until the end of time. There is no limit on how many times or how many ways that it can be changed because with man’s imagination there is no restriction on what he can do with anything in this

ABSTRACT- An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is an information processing paradigm that is inspired by the way biological nervous systems, such as the brain, process information [1]. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) also called neuro-computing, or parallel distributed processing (PDP), provide an alternative approach to be applied to problems where the algorithmic and symbolic approaches are not well suited. The objective of the neural network is to transform the inputs into meaningful outputs. There are many researches which show that brain store information as pattern. Some of these patterns are very complicated and allows us to recognize from different angles. This paper gives a review of the artificial neural network and analyses the techniques in terms of performance.

Performаnce: Hаndwritten chаrаcters in the input imаge will be recognized with аn аccurаcy of аbout 90% аnd more.

Some more advanced methods combine Top-down and bottom-up philosophy. More specificcaly [15] Et al proposed a new text line location and separation algorithm for complex handwritten documents that is based on the application of a fuzzy directional runlength. Intuitively, the fuzzy runlength at a pixel is how far we can see from standing at the pixel along horizontal direction, by skipping some foreground pixels until a threshold (20 to 25 pixels). A horizontal fuzzy runlength map is generated by scanning every row from left to right, and right to left and keeping the fuzzy runlegth at each pixel. The fuzzy runlength map is then binarized to expose the location of text items that are part of text lines. Finally using a heuristic approach text items are grouped into text lines based on their

Text is represented in what is known as ASCII (american standard for code for information interchange)

Leslie Slater is a handwriting enthuses who believes that the future of technology is crippling our art of writing and her strong evidence suggest that she might be on to something. The tone in opinion piece is pure and evidential, Leslie mention a substantial amount of studies and she really worry about good old fashion ink writing.

Analyzing the big picture, what surprised me is the variety of English styles of speaking, and hence writing, throughout the world.

similar to rap or poetry or any form of storytelling.These last couple of weeks I've been astounded at the various ways of correlating writing styles to other styles and other form of expressing art. Such as comparing grammar structure to muscle building, although the art may not be seen at first glance, the more you begin to dissect these peculiar form of art, the more you begin to respect it for what it is. During the process of study writing styles I’ve also observed, that there

Written communication is broken down into three factors such as structure, this will all depend on how one would want the content laid out and how the presentation will look to another. Another main element is style, this would depend on how the author wants it written. This could mean a variety of different styles whether the author wants to change the font or how the author would like to change the way it is written.

For example, the word computer would be changed to FRPSXWHU (Parsons 328). This method was easy because it was just a simple offset of the alphabet and you could just line up the letters of both alphabets and figure out what the message was.

OCR is an instance of off-line character recognition, where the system recognizes the fixed static shape of the character, while on-line character recognition instead recognizes the dynamic motion during handwriting. For example, on-line recognition, such as that used for gestures in the Penpoint OS or the Tablet PC can tell whether a horizontal mark was drawn right-to-left, or left-to-right. On-line character recognition is also referred to by other terms such as dynamic character recognition, real-time character recognition, and Intelligent Character Recognition or ICR.

How has writing and the way we read changed in the last fifty years? Technology, reading, and writing has changed greatly over the last five decades, but how much has it affected our culture? Technology has become our culture, we are cyber culture. We need everything as fast as we can get it, somehow we’ve lost the time through the years to read and write as we once did.