Optimal Growth For Salvinia Minima

Competition had a vast effect on  growth, especially on spartina patens.  Both plants flourished, growing the most in freshwater marshes, without the presence of neighbors.  However, with the presence of neighbors, spartina patens was overcome dropping significantly.  While typha angustifolia did drop with neighbors it remained stronger than spartina patens.  In the case of salt marshes, typha angustifolia did not grow at all.  While spartina patens was much more stable with or without neighbors in salt marshes.  This suggests that while typha angustifolia, more dominant in freshwater, unable to grow in salt marshes pushed out spartina patens, who was able to endure salt during growth.  In conclusion typha angustifolia was greatly subdued by abiotic factors, while spartina patens was more limited by

Plants are found everywhere on earth, up high on the ridge and down low in caves and caverns. The types of plants that live in these places depends on many factors. These factors are separated into two different categories, the biotic factors and the abiotic factors. Some of the biotic factors include, predation, competition, and habitat destruction. Plants with limited competition and large amounts of resources will be in a higher abundance than plants with limited resources and higher competition rates will be confined to areas and either out competed or will be the dominant species. Certain plants adapt to these factors and thrive and others don’t do as well. Some of the abiotic factors include, sunlight, water, temperature, and wind. These

The purpose of this experiment is to observe the effects of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) on the germination rate of Wisconsin Fast Plants.

Underwater grasses, or Elodea, was observed as well. This wide variety of life is a good indicator of the water’s health.

Habitat: Commonly found in terrestrial. Forest light gaps, slips, margins, disturbed sites, open habitats, riverbeds, cliffs, inshore and offshore islands, fernland, herbfield,

After extensive research, I believe that the more acidic the soil is, the slower it will be for the Fast Plants to grow. The soil’s pH is a crucial part in growing a healthy plant because “all plants require different levels for proper growth” (Lovejoy). The independent variable in this experiment is the Acidic buffer solutions; which consist of pH 2, 4, 6, and 7. According to Chemguide.co.uk, “An acidic buffer solution is simply one which has a pH less than 7.” It is very important that we as students understand the effects acidity has on plant growth. Studying the growth of the Wisconsin Fast Plant helps students have a firm understanding of this topic which in turn can help clean and prevent pollution throughout our country, making it a better and safer world for the

In Figure 1, the difference of the pH levels and the near-native soil sample and near-invasive soil sample can be seen. The pH level of the soil near the invasive Crystalline Iceplant is higher compared to that of the soil near the native Sage plant displaying a difference of almost 1 pH level (See figure for comparison). The soil near the native Sage plant possesses an almost neutral soil quality (pH is 6.975) while the

Kelp forests are seen as the ultimate ecological engineer in coastal areas. They exist in marine environments spanning in southern California, Aleutian Islands, and the western north Atlantic. Light, latitude, and water temperature and nutrients all play a role in facilitating the growth of kelp forests all around the world, (Bolton). Kelp specifically dominates the shallow rocky coasts of the world‘s cold water marine habitats. Although they look as a free-growing plant, they are in fact primarily of brown algae. These structures provide food and shelter to a huge mix of biota, including crabs, sea urchins, mollusks, and other marine organisms (Steneck). The fronds, or large leaves of the kelp are the distinctive feature that can represent where a specific kelp may be found. The sizes of these organisms can range from the smallest found near California and Alaska at 5m to giant kelp up to 45m in length found on the west coasts of North and South America (Hamilton).

Nitellopsis obtusa, or Starry stonewort, is a species of macroalgae that can grow up to 2 meters in height and in depths of up to 10 meters (Pullman & Crawford 2010). They form in dense algae beds that stretch across the landscape (Simons and Nat 1996). Though it is beneficial and endangered in its native location of Europe and Asia, it has thrived and become a nuisance since its arrival in North America (Pullman & Crawford 2010).

There are twelve species within the same genus and have subtle variations in physical appearances, all living in freshwater, but due

Foveaux Strait contains unique biogenic habitats that supports an important commercial oyster fishery. Regular surveys recorded stock abundance of target oyster species and bycatch, however little is known about the algae community within this region (Michael et al., 2013). Algae can be an important habitat forming organism. In particular calcifying coralline algae has been demonstrated to facilitate the settlement of many invertebrate larvae, inhibit settlement and growth of other seaweed species and enhance local biodiversity (Nelson, 2009; McCoy & Kamenos, 2015). Coralline algae can survive in conditions not typical of other fleshy algae species such as low light and high sand scouring conditions within the Strait (McCoy & Kamenos, 2015).

This experiment demonstrates the effects of pH on the rate of photosynthesis by examining the behavior of leaf disks in different pH solutions under light. In this experiment, we used five different pH levels: pH 5, pH 6, pH 7, pH 8 and pH 9. These solutions were created using a combination of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. Spinancia olcerea or spinach, leaves were used in the experiment to examine the effects of pH on the rate of photosynthesis. The rate of photosynthesis was measured by counting the number of leaf disks that rose to the surface of the solution after each minute. In acidic solutions, the rate of photosynthesis increased while in basic solutions, the rate of photosynthesis decreased.

Salvinia Molesta is a free-floating fern that is an invasive specie that is located in most of America and reproduces by sporocarps so it is believed that the plat reproduces asexually (McFarland, Nelson, Grodowitz, Smart, Owens 2004). S. molesta spreads by rhizomatous colonies which can be spread by boats from one location that contains the invasive specie to a new location (McFarland et al. 2004). Salvinia molesta is successful at spreading from one location to another by its tolerance to environmental factors that cause stress. If conditions are stable and correct then the invasive specie can double its size within two days (McFarland et al. 2004). In return, the invasive specie decrease the native plant growth, water quality, and aquatic

This species is most commonly found on hard substrates, attached to floats, pilings, rocks and other solid objects, from the intertidal

The plants that grow in saline soils have diverse ionic compositions and a range in concentrations of dissolved salts (Volkmar et al., 1998). These concentrations fluctuate because of changes in water source, drainage, evapo-transpiration, and solute availability (Volkmar et al., 1998). Due to these varying conditions, plant growth depends on a supply of inorganic nutrients, and this level of nutrients varies in time and space (Maathius and Amtmann, 1999). Either extreme condition concerning nutrients results in deficiency or toxicity in plants, and this is demonstrated by salt tolerance (Maathius and Amtmann, 1999). These conditions vary according to the plant species and growth conditions. Little is known about the genetic basis for diversity of salt tolerance in plants, and this could be partly explained through the definitions given for salinity.