Options for Production Systems Applicable to IAAS

According to the International Water Management Institute environmental research organisation global water stress is increasing, and a third of all people face some sort of water scarcity. Where demand exceeds supply and no effective management operates, there will be conflicts between the various players involved.

Modern day farming has transformed from the farming process of last century. Instead of farmers producing for their families, farmers are now similar to input/output managers supplying massive manufacturers that feed the country.

1) Economies of Scale: with regards to Economies of Scale, we have Product-Specific ones with regard to the fact that there is a minimum efficient scale of production in the industry, without which firms wouldn’t survive in the environment; requirements, in this case, are 75 million pounds of cereals per year to be efficient.

Polyface model - Integrated strategy: Polyface is a small scale, community oriented farming. It was envisioned to be an environmentally sustainable farm, effectively utilizing the resources inherent in the land, and mimicking the natural ecosystem. The activities of the farm animals complimented each other and contributed to the overall effectiveness and productivity of the farm’s system. The waste produced was ultimately returned back-to-the-land. For example Polyface utilized excreta and composted internal organs of the farm animals for use as natural fertilizer for the grass. It believed in nature’s biodiversity system and maintained its animal ratio accordingly to suit that system. For example the hen to cow ratio was 16:1 which effectively helped process the cow manure. Polyface focused on organic farming, selling the bulk of their products locally. Compared to the industrial model, Polyface produced

More than 24 billion gallons of untreated sewage waste and storm water are pumped into the lakes annually. Pollution is increasing as well, due to the cottage development, where people enjoy spending their summers relaxing. For many years, the lake habitats have been affected by pollution and habitat destruction. The market for fish is tremendous; so much so, that we have depleted our fishing resources, and have had to market on invasive species.

which would not be adequate for producers under competition. For example, the flock size of

inhabitance of certain areas. And the process alone is wasting a lot more water than the process

With a minimal initial investment of $100,000 and a single acre of level ground, a self-sustaining aquaponics based growing operation can be established and become profitably within 6 months. Through continuous year round vegetable and fish production, this operation can conservatively generate $250,000 in annual revenue starting in the very first year. While the initial investment in materials and equipment is steep, the output of this system rapidly accelerates to full potential and costs very little to maintain on an annual basis. The versatility of this system allows for the

For both ponds, the procedures are identical to each other. Submerged the YSI 55 DO Meter about 6 inches into the clear water to take an initial DO measurement at the surface, and did the same thing when it was lowered 2 feet into the water to take initial DO measurement at the bottom. The meter took the DO, % DO Saturation, and temperature at both the surface and the bottom of the pond. Four water samples were taken from the pond and collected in viewing tubes. Used the tube on the left side as a control and in the second tube, the group added Phosver 3 Phosphate Reagent

number of animals in an area surpasses the available food supply? More often than not, the

Boats are very common on the lake, both for fishing and recreation. The lake is a popular to anglers looking for kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). Other fish like rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) are also abundant in the lake. Mysis shrimp were introduced into the lake many years ago. They have had an impact on the kokanee salmon and will be analyzed in the final paper. The fishing industry provides income for the area, as well as jobs. As of recent, the populations of kokanee salmon and lake trout have been in a decline. The interaction of human management on these fish populations is needed in order to help increase these fish abundance in the lake. This issue is also linked to the management of water in the lake because water levels impact the way that fish species

We will be discussing the importance of maintaining the Wetlands, for the sake of the environment and the species that inhabit the Wetlands, as some of the species are almost extinct

Between conveyance, synthetic fertilizers/pesticides, and the incredible amount of energy it takes to run Concentrated Animal

The total volume of freshwater consumed and polluted for the production of goods and service used by a consumer is known as the water footprint. Consumption is loss of available water from its catchment area and redeposited at another catchment area, or used to make a product or by evaporation such that it is no longer available for use for another purpose. (Hoekstra et al 2011)

In today’s global economy sustainability is very important; from the biological aspect to the industries they all play a role on the marine environment. As world population increases the demand of fish rises causing overfishing. Certain laws have been placed to limit the amount of wild fishing to reduce the risk of endangerment. To meet the demand of the population, fish farms are introduced. Pollution and health related issues are part of the challenges of fish farming. Sustainability also affects social areas such as beaches.