Oral Culture Of The Late Middle Ages

Birkerts provides three effects that will occur as a result of moving away from the printed word to the electronic media. The first effect is the language erosion. He explains the reader that transition from books will lead to the “complexity and distinctiveness of verbal and written communication, which are deeply bound to transaction of print literacy, will gradually be replaced by a more telegraphic sort of plainspeak” (9). In the future our language will start to become more simple and dumb. Whereas, by reading books and printed materials people are able to dig more depth and understand and imagine the contents. But, soon this will start to disappear as people will no longer be able to understand the complex language of the literature and intelligence level of people will start to decrease. The second effect of electronic media is the flattening of historical perspectives. This means that due to the electronic media the history will start to recede because the “printed page itself is a link” and when this link is broken the past will gradually diminish (10). Birkerts explains the audience that the past is best represented in the books and libraries. Therefore, moving away from the printed word means moving away from the past and its history. The last effect is the waning of the private self. Birkerts worries that in the future people will forget how to live because of the electronic

Wolf states that, reading on the internet promotes a style that puts “efficiency” and “immediacy” above all else, may be weakening our capacity for the kind of deep reading that emerged when an earlier technology, the printing press, made long and complex works of prose commonplace.

We carry our cellphones with us at all times, and with all this online connection, you would think that stepping back and disconnecting is a huge achievement. But this is a new way of life. Nathan Jurgenson, in his article “The IRL Fetish” says, “We have come to understand more and more of our lives through the logic of digital connection. Social media is more than something we log onto; it’s something we carry within us. We can’t log off.”. He explains how we are so deeply connected with technology that it is nearly impossible to stay ‘old-fashioned’. We are learning to accept technological advancements because they are inevitable. In other words, to adapt to this new form of literacy is much easier than avoiding it. In recognition that texting truly is literacy, one English teacher had her students put excerpts of Richard III into “text speak” to show that they fully understand the material. Educators are embracing texting as a new form of learning because it clearly is not going away. Students enjoy texting as a way to escape reality and fail to recognize the literary benefits. Texting will continue to encourage students to read and write as well as improve spelling with phonological

Printing was introduced into England in the late 14th century (post-Chaucer). This fact contributed more than any single factor to the

Why was the essay not printing? Because the printer was too busy reading it! With the Printing Press being invented, the history of communication gradually changed. Johannes Gutenberg invented this moveable type and it became a reminder of how our writings came to be more deliberate. Communication enlarged over time and because of the Printing Press, it made lives much easier when it came to writing and illustrating. This raises the question, “What Was the Most Important Consequence of the Printing?” In this context, important is defined as having a far reaching and long lasting impact on society. The most important consequences of the Printing Press were its ability to encourage exploration, spread of literature, and

Since the invention of the printing press the world has advanced in a myriad of ways. The most important consequence of the printing press was reformation. The printing press was one of the first machines to print books. “In 1455 Gutenberg printed 180 bibles, each of them over 1800 pages long”. (Background essay). It allowed more books to be made and more people to learn how to read and write. As stated in the background essay “his invention came as a milestone event in the evolution of human communication”. The printing press influenced many time periods in its time, but the most important was its effect on the reformation of the Renaissance.

In the 1450s the first practical printing press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg. This invention was a major mile-stone in the evolution of human communication. In the (Background Essay) it notifies that “The idea wasn’t new. The Chinese introduced woodblock printing in 600 CE.” This exploration inspired Gutenberg, and saw his chance to reform it into something even better. This made him ask himself “Why not metal letters that wouldn’t wear out, set in a frame that could be inked, papered and pressed?” in the (Background Essay). The purpose of this essay is to explain whether the exploration or reformation of the printing press was the more important consequence.

Technological advances have shaped this era into what it is today. From news articles to Facebook posts, we are always reading throughout the day. In the article, “Nation Shudders at Large Block of Uninterrupted Text” by The Onion in the book Everyone’s an Author, raises questions how reading habits have changed over the past couple generations. One has to wonder what text we take the time to read and what text we do not take the time to read. Everyday advertisements, articles, and many other texts pry for our attention. In this day and age, people want information right away. This article shows how reading habits by Americans have shifted over the past few decades and generations.

In an age where the printed novel has been somewhat on the decline, and the necessity of readable fiction has almost faded into obscurity. I believe that literature still harbours a crucial part within our society; from the very foundations of most theatrical adaptations, to preserving the culture and encapsulating the feelings of generations past. In this case literature cements itself as one of the most decisive elements of our civilisation, and combining it with history makes it become a testament to who we are as people, as well as the conservation of both our progression and degradation. I have always enjoyed reading literature, from reading J.R.R Tolkien’s classic ‘Lord of the Rings’ trilogy within my childhood, to perhaps more sophisticated,

Will Swanson 10/12/14 Hour 2 Printing Press The printing press had a major effect on society. It spread information very quickly and accurately. The invention of the printing press helped create a wider literate reading public.

Influence of Print People have always shared their opinions with one another, but before Johann Gutenberg invented the printing press, even if they were to shout, those opinions could not reach far. Once the printing press was invented in the 1440s, a whole new world of communication opened up. This can be seen in George Orwell’s 1984 and throughout history. Print influenced people from the 1500s to today and has always been used to sway people’s opinions. George Orwell's 1984 is a dystopian novel where Winston Smith is the main character.

Anderson (2006) points out that as the printed word and industries began to prevail they had a homogenizing effect on all vernaculars being spoken within a region. He explains “Nothing served to ‘assemble’ the different people and vernaculars more than print capitalism, which, within the limits imposed by grammar and syntax, created mechanically reproduced print languages, capable of dissemination through the market” (Anderson 2006, p. 45). Anderson describes three distinct ways in which print languages laid the basis for a national consciousness. First of all, print language created a unified field of communication and exchange. Because of the standardizing nature of print, people began to write on a more common ground. This printed form of

Traditional and new media also provide enjoyment. There are readers who love the feel of print media, and also there are readers who love the speed and accessibility of online media (Charles, 2015). Some public like the layout of print, feeling that it more effectively guides their intuitive sense to what content is "more important" or "more urgent" than other content. While some readers prefer print over online media because they consider digital media (Meckler, 2010). It is without a doubt that traditional and new media allows people of today to choose their preferred medium to send and receive

Print capitalism led to the idea of a nation as “imagined”, “political”, and “community” because it allowed for capitalistic entrepreneurs to print their books and media in the vernacular as opposed to the exclusive script languages like Latin. In doing so it, allowed for the max distribution and circulation of their works in multiple vernaculars for readers speaking several local dialects to come together and understand one another, resulting in the emergence of a common discourse. Though printing had existed in the 15th century it was aimed at Latin readers and after 250 years this market became saturated, leading to their focus to shift to printing in vernaculars. Print gave language a new fixity, helped create

How has writing and the way we read changed in the last fifty years? Technology, reading, and writing has changed greatly over the last five decades, but how much has it affected our culture? Technology has become our culture, we are cyber culture. We need everything as fast as we can get it, somehow we’ve lost the time through the years to read and write as we once did.