Organ And Tissue Regeneration And Organ Systems

Tissue engineering is an emerging interdisciplinary field that uses principles from engineering, biology and chemistry in an effort towards tissue regeneration. The main draw of tissue engineering is the regeneration of a patient’s own tissues and organs free from low biofunctionality and poor biocompatibility and serious immune rejection. As medical care continues to improve and life expectancy continues to grow, organ shortages become more problematic.(Manufacturing living things) According to organdonor.gov, a patient is added to the waiting list every 10 minutes and an average of 18 people die everyday waiting for an organ donation. The “nirvana” of tissue engineering is to replace the need for organ donation altogether. This could be achieved using scaffolding from

Regenerative medicine and transplantation is the recent advancement in the field of scientific medical research embarking on the evolvement of embryonic stem cells(ESCs)and reprogrammed human somatic cells called induced pleuri potent stem cells(iPSCs) .Human embryonic stem cells were first derived in 1998 by Thomson et al. and induced pleuri potent stem cells(iPSCs) in 2007(Thai Journal of Obstetrics and GynaecologyApril 2013) The innate proficiency of the human embryonic stem cells to differentiate into multiple cell lineages i.e pluripotency and worthy of self renewal score them as invaluable sources in therapeutic and diagnostic field. However,there are some impediments seen in the generation and utilisation of these ESCs as some countries believe that isolation of ESCS from embryos is detrimental to the embryos and as they are not patient specific , auto rejection is observed in some cases. (Thai Journal of Obstetrics and GynaecologyApril 2013) To overcome this, scientists have identified iPSCs by reprogramming of certain somatic cells. Vivid progression in the remedy of infertility will be possible with the transformation of germ cells from stem cells.The mechanism of differentiation of ES cells in vitro and in vivo are not well inferred due to limited number of oocytes available through donation programmes. Functional or mature gametes have fail to develop in vitro as germ cells do not develop beyond the earliest stage, persistently generating low number

stem cells. Any damage to tissues or organs can be grown again, including heart muscles to fix

The HTA is a regulator governing body that was set up in order to ensure that the public know that human tissue and organs are being used with the proper consent of the family to allow the organs to be used safely in any transplants where someone organs such as a heart has failed and needs a

Autologous, chondrocytes, embolization and hematopoietic all terminology used to explain stem cell therapy. Stem cells are the future of medicine; in fact, many scientists have come up with cures using stem cells including increasing liver regeneration. Why must people increase liver regeneration? People who suffer from liver cirrhosis cannot regenerate new liver cells due to the fact that there liver is producing scar tissue. Stem cell therapy, an intensive tedious process captivating researchers everywhere, enigmatic research that is paving the way for the cure of liver disease.

With more investigation and practice, medical researchers could perfect a method to stimulate “self-repair (coaxing stem cells in the human body to generate healthy cells to heal damaged tissue from within or to prevent further damage) to create new tissue, and substitute for damaged organs” (The Value of Stem Cells). Donated organs and tissues are often used to replace ailing or destroyed tissue, but the need for transplantable tissues and organs far outweighs the available supply. With the ability to differentiate into specific types, stem cells offer us a renewable supply of replacement cells and tissues to treat diseases including macular degeneration, spinal cord injury, burns, heart disease, and rheumatoid arthritis (What are the potential uses of human stem cells and the obstacles that must be overcome before these potential uses will be

Hepatic failure is a fatal disease that accounts for thousands of deaths annually, but currently the only long term solution for this problem is an orthotopic liver transplantation. The number of donors is decreasing whilst the number of people in need of transplantation is increasing and this therefore provides a very high demand for an alternative treatment. Regenerative medicine requires two main aspects; biologically compatible scaffolds to aid the regenerative process and suitable cells to replace the cells of the damaged tissue. Biologically compatible scaffolds can be defined as being adoptable by the host’s body system without causing harm and possessing the ability to be freely refined into target tissue shape. Scaffold

When a person smokes, the lungs’ automatic defense mechanism is to do many things such as cough to keep out the harmful particles and gases. Other defense includes “physical barriers, reflexes, the sorptive capacity of the epithelial lining, the mucociliary apparatus, alveolar macrophages” (Pulmonary Diseases). All of these defenses mentioned are extremely important because without them, our lungs would be in very bad shape from tobacco smoke.

Stem cells are a new concept for medical science, but the known abilities have already been integrated into certain treatments. Stem cells are cells that can become any specialized cell line. For example, the stem cells can become heart cells, liver cells, white blood cells, red blood cells, etc. Some of the more common uses of stem cells are for treating leukemia and related blood diseases. Furthermore, there are 3 types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells(somatic stem cells) and induced pluripotent stem cells.

Every year, the percentages of people around the world suffer from dysfunctional organs and organ failure caused by diseased and damaged tissue, this is increasing due to the rise of the aging population. Traumas and health issues such as strokes, heart attacks and joint problems can reduce the quality of someone’s life. Most current medicines are incapable of adequately repairing issues such as tissue and organ damage. This may be due to the problem that most medicines are made to prevent or to reduce further damage rather than repairing and regenerating the tissue all together. As an outcome, people suffering from these issues are left to live with damaged tissues which can lead to lower quality of life and throwing a lot of money on ongoing

As a human, of course I believe that very far measures should be taken to maintain a

Regenerative drug is another method for treating wounds and ailments that uses uncommonly developed tissues and cells (counting foundational microorganisms), research facility made mixes, and counterfeit organs. There is couple of successful approaches to treat the underlying drivers of numerous infections, wounds and innate conditions. As a rule, clinicians can just deal with patients' side effects utilizing solutions or gadgets. Regenerative drug is a diversion changing zone of prescription with the possibility to completely mend harmed tissues and organs, offering arrangements and trust in individuals who have conditions that today are hopeless.

Evidence exists that in the early developmental stages, the aquatic frog species, Xenopus, can normally undergo limb regeneration. Limb regeneration is a stage-dependent event and the ability for regeneration decreases with time until the late tadpole stage. After metamorphosis, the frog can no longer normally regenerate its limb. Instead, a non-segmented and non-functional cartilage spike is developed at the site of amputation. Recent advances have indicated the use of tissue progenitor cells for cell replacement therapy. Here, we highlight recent work that promotes limb regeneration in post metamorphic frogs employing the use of larval progenitor cells transplanted in the amputation sites for replacement therapy. The addition

The liver is an unusual organ because nearly every one of its cells is exactly alike. The working cells of the liver are known as hepatocytes. Hepatocytes have a unique capacity to reproduce in response to liver injury. Liver regeneration can occur after surgical removal of a portion of the liver (hepatectomy) or after injuries that destroy parts of the liver. And this regeneration can adjust its size to match its host. Within a week after partial hepatectomy, hepatic mass is back essentially to what it was prior to surgery.

By combining this technology with human cloning technology it may be possible to produce needed tissue for suffering people that will be free of rejection by their immune systems. Conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, heart failure, and other problems may be made curable by human cloning. (“Cloning to Save Lives”)